Astronomical Application Of Vedic Mathematics

Astronomical Applications of Vedic Mathemetics is a self-contained book which shows Vedic mathematics applications in many areas of Astronomy including Prediction of Eclipses the Solution of Kepler`s Equation (an important equation in astronomy for finding planetary coordinates), Solution of Spherical Triangles, Prediction of Planetary Positions.

Vertically and Crosswise is an advanced book of sixteen chapters on one Vedic Mathematics sutra. Primarily it deals with the solution of equations, ranging from elementary examples of the sutra to no linear partical differential equations. Other topics include the inversion of matrices, curve-fitting, and methods of obtaining series expansions of common functions of one and ot two independent variables.

The remarkable system of Vedic mathematics was created after careful study of ancient -Sanskrit texts early last century. The Vedic system with its direct, easy and flexible approach forms a complete system of mental, mathematics (though the methods can also' be written down) and brings out the naturally coherent and unified structure of mathematics. Many of the features and techniques of this unique system are truly amazing in their efficiency and originality. Being a mental system, Vedic Mathematics encourages creativity and innovation. Mental mathematics increases mental agility, improves memory, the ability to hold ideas in the mind and promotes confidence, as well as being of great practical use. This course consists of three textbooks an Answer Book and a Teacher's Guide. The course is aimed at 11-14 year old pupils though some of it is very suitable for children from 8 years. Vedic Mathematics is being taught in many schools world-wide with great success: many top mathematics prizes have been won by students of this system.

Vedic Mathematics for School offers a fresh and easy approach to learning mathematics. The system was reconstructed from ancient Vedic sources by the late Bharati Krsna Tirthaji earlier this century and is based on a small collection of sutras. Each sutra briefly encapsulates a rule of mental working, a principle or guiding maxim. Through simple practice of these methods all may become adept and efficient at mathematics. Book I of the series is intended for primary schools in which many of the fundamental concepts of mathematics are introduced. It has been written from the classroom experience of teaching Vedic mathematics to eight and nine years-old. At this age a few of the Vedic methods are used, the rest being introduced at a later stage.

The mysteries of the fifth Canto of the Srimad Bhagavatam have long puzzled students of Vedic cosmography and astronomy. Confronted with a description of the universe that seems much at variance with the information provided by our senses and standard astronomical calculations, foreign observers and even Indian commentators from the middle ages up to the present have concluded that the Bhagavatam`s account elaborated in other Puranas must be mythological. On the other hand the same persons have been much impressed with vedic astronomical treatises the jyotisasastras which provide remarkably accurate measurements of the solar system.

The ?Vedas? are considered ?divine? in origin and are assumed to be revelations from God. In traditional Hinduism, the Vedas were to be learnt only by the ?upper? caste Hindus. The ?lower castes? (Sudras) and so-called ?untouchables? (who were outside the Hindu social order) were forbidden from even hearing to its recitation. In recent years, there have been claims that the Vedas contain the cure to AIDS and the production of electricity.Here the authors probe into Vedic Mathematics (that gained renown during the revivalist Hindutva rule in India and was introduced into school syllabus in several states); and explore if it is really ?Vedic? in origin or ?Mathematics? in content. To gain a better understanding of its imposition, we interviewed students, teachers, parents, educationists and activists. We analyze this problem using models like Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM), Fuzzy Relational Maps (FRM) and newly constructed Fuzzy Dynamical System (and their Neutrosophic Analogues). The issue of imposition of Vedic Mathematics into the school curriculum involves religious politics, caste supremacy, apart from elementary arithmetic ? so we use fuzzy and neutrosophic techniques to gain acute insight into how students have been affected because of this politically motivated syllabus revision.