Timescales Of Magmatic Processes From Diffusional Profiles Recorded In Minerals Of The 2016 2017 Eruption Of Bogoslof Volcano Alaska

Every volcanic eruption is unique, and creates opportunities for scientists to gain insights on magma processes. Studying active volcanoes not only adds to our understanding of fundamental processes that shape our planet, but it is also importantly aids the scientic community to assess and mitigate the many hazards that volcanoes pose. The products of the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof Volcano provide a unique opportunity for the application of diusion chronometry, due to the abundance of distinct, stepwise boundaries within three mineral phases: clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and amphibole. Given that diusion is driven by the presence of a chemical gradient, the compositionally stepwise boundaries between distinct zones can be used to investigate the diusion of elements within the crystals in order to constrain timing of the magmatic processes that created them, as well as crystal residence times. Here we present our analyses of these stepwise boundaries, and discuss the potential correlation of acquired diusional timescales from clinopyroxene with the other two mineral phases, in order to determine what magma processes lead to the formation of these boundaries, and when these processes occurred. Our results suggest that the stepwise boundaries in crystalline phases of the magmas erupted by Bogoslof in August 2017 formed due to mac recharge that resumed in March 2017 and occurred repeatedly until the cessation of the eruption in August 2017. Activity at Bogoslof during March 2017 is additionally characterized by increased seismicity and SO2 rates, suggesting that our petrologic results are consistent with multiple interdisciplinary observations.

Quantifying the timescales of current geological processes is critical for constraining the physical mechanisms operating on the Earth today. Since the Earth’s origin 4.55 billion years ago magmatic processes have continued to shape the Earth, producing the major reservoirs that exist today (core, mantle, crust, oceans and atmosphere) and promoting their continued evolution. But key questions remain. When did the core form and how quickly? How are magmas produced in the mantle, and how rapidly do they travel towards the surface? How long do magmas reside in the crust, differentiating and interacting with the host rocks to yield the diverse set of igneous rocks we see today? How fast are volcanic gases such as carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere? This book addresses these and other questions by reviewing the latest advances in a wide range of Earth Science disciplines: from the measurement of short-lived radionuclides to the study of element diffusion in crystals and numerical modelling of magma behaviour. It will be invaluable reading for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, as well as igneous petrologists, mineralogists and geochemists involved in the study of igneous rocks and processes.

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With its integrated and cohesive coverage of the current research, Magmatic Systems skillfully explores the physical processes, mechanics, and dynamics of volcanism. The text utilizes a synthesized perspective--theoretical, experimental, and observational--to address the powerful regulatory mechanisms controlling the movement of melts and cooling, with emphasis on mantle plumes, mid-ocean ridges, and intraplate magmatism. Further coverage of subduction zone magmatism includes:Fluid mechanics of mixed magma migrationInternal structure of active systemsGrain-scale melt flowRheology of partial meltsNumerical simulation of porous media melt migrationNonlinear (chaotic and fractal) processes in magma transportIn all, Magmatic Systems will prove invaluable reading to those in search of an interdisciplinary perspective on this active topic. Key Features* Fluid mechanics of magma migration from surface region to eruption site* Internal structure of active magmatic systems* Grain-scale melt flow in mantle plumes and beneath mid-ocean ridges* Physics of magmatic systems and magma dynamics

This paper is devoted to the study of equilength two-line arrays of non-negative integers. These are called generalized Frobenius partitions. It is shown that such objects have numerous interactions with modular forms, Kloosterman quadratic forms, the Lusztig-Macdonald-Wall conjectures as well as with classical theta functions and additive number theory.

Isoptope separation factors for the stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and sulfur are plotted as a function of temperature, in degrees Celsius.