Seed Proteomics

There have been several advancements made in high-throughput protein technologies creating immense possibilities for studying proteomics on a large scale. Researchers are exploring various proteomic techniques to unravel the mystery of plant stress tolerance mechanisms. Plant Proteomics: Implications in Growth, Quality Improvement, and Stress Resilience introduces readers to techniques and methodologies of proteomics and explains different physiological phenomena in plants and their responses to various environmental cues and defense mechanisms against pathogens. The main emphasis is on research involving applications of proteomics to understand different aspects of the life cycle of plant species including dormancy, flowering, photosynthetic efficiency, nitrogen assimilation, accumulation of nutritional parameters, secondary metabolite production, reproduction and grain yield as well as signalling responses during abiotic and biotic stresses. The book takes a unique approach, encompassing high throughput and sophisticated proteomic techniques while integrating proteomics with other “omics.” Features: Integrates the branch of proteomics with other “omics” approaches including genomics and metabolomics, giving a holistic view of the overall “omics” approaches. Covers various proteomics approaches for the identification of biological processes, future perspectives, and upcoming applications to identify diverse genes in plants. Presents readers with various proteomics tools for the improvement of plant growth, quality, and resilience against climate change, and pathogen infection. Enables researchers in identifying novel proteins that could be used as target to generate plants with improved traits. Prof. Aryadeep Roychoudhury is currently working as Professor in the Discipline of Life Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India. Earlier, he served as Assistant Professor at the Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata, West Bengal, India. He received his B.Sc. (Hons.) in Botany from Presidency College, Kolkata, and M.Sc. in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India. He earned his Ph.D. from Jadavpur University, Kolkata in the area of stress biology in plants. Following his Ph.D. work, he joined as Research Associate (Post doctorate) at the University of Calcutta, pursuing translational research on transgenic rice. He is presently involved in active research in the field of abiotic stress responses in plants with perspectives to the physiology, molecular biology and cell signaling under diverse stress conditions. He has 23 years of research experience in the concerned discipline. Prof. Roychoudhury has handled several government-funded projects as principal investigator and supervised five Ph.D. students as principal investigator. He has published over 250 articles in peer-reviewed journals and chapters in books of international and national repute. He has edited many books with Wiley, Elsevier, and Springer, and has also handled Special Issues as Guest Editor for several renowned international journals. He is a regular reviewer of articles in high-impact, international journals, Life Member of different scientific associations and societies, and the recipient of the Young Scientist Award 2019, conferred upon him by International Foundation for Environment and Ecology, at University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. His name is included in the Stanford University’s List of World’s Top 2% Influential Scientists.

Plant Proteomics highlights rapid progress in this field, with emphasis on recent work in model plant species, sub-cellular organelles, and specific aspects of the plant life cycle such as signaling, reproduction and stress physiology. Several chapters present a detailed look at diverse integrated approaches, including advanced proteomic techniques combined with functional genomics, bioinformatics, metabolomics and molecular cell biology, making this book a valuable resource for a broad spectrum of readers.

The field of proteomics has advanced considerably over the past two decades. The ability to delve deeper into an organism’s proteome, identify an array of post-translational modifications and profile differentially abundant proteins has greatly expanded the utilization of proteomics. Improvements to instrumentation in conjunction with the development of these reproducible workflows have driven the adoption and application of this technology by a wider research community. However, the full potential of proteomics is far from being fully exploited in plant biology and its translational application needs to be further developed. In 2011, a group of plant proteomic researchers established the International Plant Proteomics Organization (INPPO) to advance the utilization of this technology in plants as well as to create a way for plant proteomics researchers to interact, collaborate and exchange ideas. The INPPO conducted its inaugural world congress in mid 2014 at the University of Hamburg (Germany). Plant proteomic researchers from around the world were in attendance and the event marked the maturation of this research community. The Research Topic captures the opinions, ideas and research discussed at the congress and encapsulates the approaches that were being applied in plant proteomics.

The Special Issue “Plant Proteomics 3.0” was conceived in an attempt to address the recent advancements in as well as limitations of current proteomic techniques and their diverse applications to attain new insights into plant molecular responses to various biotic and abiotic stressors and the molecular bases of other processes. Proteomics’ focus is also related to translational purposes, including food traceability and allergen detection. In addition, bioinformatic techniques are needed for more confident identification, quantitation, data analysis and networking, especially with non-model or orphan plants, including medicinal and meditational plants as well as forest tree species. This Special Issue contains 23 articles, including four reviews and 19 original papers.

The book is about the seed development in the model and crop plants. Seed development is a key step of the plant life cycle that determines the nutrient value of seeds – the life for human civilization, growth, and development. The nutrient value of seeds is mainly due to storage reserve products such as carbohydrates, lipids (triacylglycerols), and proteins. The book primarily focuses on application of the 21st century high-throughput technologies transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and systems biology in near complete understanding of the various processes involved in seed development in different crop plants. The book reveals how such technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the multilayer processes and regulations involved therein by generating large-scale datasets. Accumulated datasets provide basic knowledge to develop integrated strategies to eventually improve the nutritional value of plant seed and crop yield, a critical goal in food security issues around the globe.

Confidently face the challenges of proteomics research specific to plant science with the information in Plant Proteomics, which will introduce you to the techniques and methodologies required for the study of representative plant species. Read about proteomics studies in Arabidopsis, rice, and legumes and find information about common technologies like mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis. Discover expression proteomics, functional proteomics, structural proteomics, bioinformatics, and systems biology, understand how to conduct proteomics studies in developing countries and underfunded laboratories, and gain access to guidelines for sample preparation.

Whilst significant advances have been made in whole organismal proteomics approaches, many researchers still rely on combinations of tissue selection and subcellular prefractionation methods to reduce the complexity of protein extracts from plants prior to proteomic analysis. Often this will allow identification of many lower abundance proteins of the target proteome and it may involve the selection of specific organs, cell types or the isolation of specific subcellular components. These subcellular proteomes provide insight into functions following various treatments and also contribute to the wider understanding of the entire organismal proteome by cataloguing a series of sub-proteome contents. The aim of this Research Topic is to bring together knowledge of sub cellular components in different plant species to provide a basis for accelerated research. It aims to provide a mini-review for each proposed section that summarizes the current understanding of a particular proteome, with the anticipation that every 5 - 10 years we can update these definitive publications.

This book will cover several topics to elaborate how proteomics may enhance agricultural productivity. These include crop and food proteomics, farm animal proteomics, aquaculture, microorganisms and insect proteomics. It will also cover several technical advances, which may address the current need for comprehensive proteome analysis.An emerging field of the proteomics aim is to integrate knowledge from basic sciences and to translate it into agricultural applications to solve issues related to economic values of farm animals, crops, food security, health, and energy sustainability. Given the wealth of information generated and to some extent applied in agriculture, there is the need for more efficient and broader channels to freely disseminate the information to the scientific community.