Phosphodiesterases Cns Functions And Diseases

PDEs are a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of intracellular cyclic nucleotides. They are implicated in a number of disorders and dysfunctions and PDE inhibitors have already proven to be effective therapies for erectile dysfunction, COPD, and psoriatic arthritis. This family of enzymes also plays a role in diseases and disorders of the CNS such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's Disease. Unfortunately no effective PDE inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of these diseases. The proposed book will be a comprehensive overview of the current state of basic and translational research on PDE inhibitors written by internationally recognized experts. Authors will also discuss potential PDE subtypes and splice variants in the hopes that this will spur more creative approaches to PDE targeting drugs.

This book reviews advances in understanding phosphodiesterases within the central nervous system and their therapeutic applications. A range of expert authors from both academia and industry describe these, then focus on the areas of greatest scientific and medical interest to provide more detailed coverage. Therapeutic and drug discovery applications are covered for diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, schizophrenia, erectile dysfunction, and spinal cord injuries. There is also a chapter on drug discovery tools such as in vitro assays and X-ray structures for medicinal chemistry studies.

PDEs are a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of intracellular cyclic neucleotides. They are implicated in a number of disorders and dysfunctions and PDE inhibitors have already proven to be effective therapies for erectile dysfunction, COPD, and psoriatic arthiritis. This family of enzymes also plays a role in diseases and disorders of the CNS such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's Disease. Unfortunately no effective PDE inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of these diseases. The proposed book will be a comprehensive overview of the current state of basic and translational research on PDE inhibitors written by internationally recognized experts. Authors will also discuss potential PDE subtypes and splice variants in the hopes that this will spur more creative approaches to PDE targeting drugs.

Written by the pioneers of Viagra, the first blockbuster PDE inhibitor drug. Beginning with a review of the first wave of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, this book focuses on new and emerging PDE targets and their inhibitors. Drug development options for all major human PDE families are discussed and cover diverse therapeutic fields, such as neurological/psychiatric, cardiovascular/metabolic, pain, and allergy/respiratory diseases. Finally, emerging chemotherapeutic applications of PDE inhibitors against malaria and other tropical diseases are discussed.

Since the last major compendium dedicated to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) was published over 15 years ago, an enormous amount of progress has occurred in the field. There is great need for a centralized source for key information in this burgeoning and therapeutically important area of medical research. Cyclic Nucleotide Phosph

After the discovery of endogenous NO formation in the late '80s and the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, many researchers and physicians again became interested in the NO/sGC interaction and cGMP-dependent signaling. This book is an enthusiastic celebration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and amply illustrates the importance of this field of science to patients and the way in which the field has evolved. It is exclusively devoted to this exciting and important signaling molecule, addressing all recent advances in understanding guanylate cyclase regulation, NO/sGC interactions, cGMP effector mechanisms and their pathophysiological and pharmacological implications. Particular attention will also be given to clinical applications of the novel cGMP-elevating drugs which are on the horizon, thus spanning the continuum from basic science to clinic.

Showcasing the recent progresses of the field, Cyclic Nucleotide Signaling covers the major tools and methodologies used in various areas of research. The majority of the chapters are protocol oriented, with the goal of providing clear directions for laboratory use. Students and investigators new to the field will find this book particularly informative, as will scientists already actively researching nucleotide signaling.

"Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation" book explains how the neuronal cells become swollen at the moment of the blood-brain barrier disruption and how they lose their immunological isolation. A cascade of cytokines and immune cells from the bloodstream enters the nervous system, inflaming neurons and activating the glia. This produces a neuroinflammatory process that can generate different neurodegenerative diseases. Better understanding of mechanisms that are activated at the time when the damage to the brain occurs could lead to the development of suitable therapies that revert the neuronal inflammation and thus prevent further damage to the nervous system.

The authors review knowledge on the anatomy of the frontal-subcortical circuits, their connections to other brain regions, and their influences on motor, cognitive, affective, and behavioral functioning. Specific clinical problems are addressed, including Parkinson's disease, obsessive/compulsive disorder, ADHD, and more. of full-color illustrations.

Major depressive disorders have recently been associated with impairments in signaling pathways that regulate neuroplasticity and cell survival. Agents designed to directly target molecules in these pathways hold promise as new therapeutics for depression. With the collaboration of the most prestigious international specialists in biochemistry, mol