Methodology To Assess Disaster Risk Within A Land Use Cover Change Model Contributing To A Sustainable Development Case Study Bogota Colombia

Disaster risk is derived from the combination of natural hazards and anthropogenic influence. Consequently, the social and economic impact that natural hazards have may be massive depending on the communities' vulnerability and exposure. Therefore, the way a city develops can determine its potential losses due to disaster risk, which is the reason why an understanding of hazards impact and urban growth tendencies are fundamental to reduce risk and should be considered by the decision makers. This study aims to develop a disaster risk assessment within a land use cover change model to analyze different scenarios of land development plans in Bogota, Colombia. A Land Use Cover Change (LUCC) Model for urban and regional planning applications (Metronamica) is used to determine future land use scenarios for Bogota. Then, a risk assessment is conducted to demonstrate the opportunity for long-term risk planning by combining state-of-the-art urban modeling and risk assessment methodologies. In addition to the advanced urban model growth, this analysis is supported by a mapping and analytics Software (ArcGIS). Based on the different scenarios, it is possible to compare the behavior of disaster risk and forecast it by the year 2030. As a result of this analysis, risk maps have been obtained for each scenario and are shown along with the conclusions and recommendations. Furthermore, this investigation is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11 (make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable) and will develop and improve the knowledge in risk assessment, to support the community and decision makers in the understanding of the impact that land development plans have on the magnitude of disastrous events, based on the found tendencies. It is intended to extend this study in the future to incorporate its findings into city resilience policy development.

"The lack of sustainable urban planning and territorial ordinance plans has led to the nullification, fragmentation and reduction of green space and strategic ecosystems within cities. A clear example of this problem is the city of Bogotá (Colombia). Currently, Bogotá has around 4 m2 of green space (GS) per capita, an amount significantly below the 10 m2 recommended by the World Health Organization. This research aimed to establish how GS is distributed and relates to other land uses, transport infrastructure and other variables." -- Tomado del Formato de Documento de Grado.

This open access edited volume critically examines a coherence building opportunity between Climate Change Adaptation, the Sustainable Development Goals and Disaster Risk Reduction agendas through presenting best practice approaches, and supporting Irish and international case studies. The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted existing global inequalities and demonstrated the scope and scale of cascading socio-ecological impacts. The impacts of climate change on our global communities will likely dwarf the disruption brought on by the pandemic, and moreover, these impacts will be more diffuse and pervasive over a longer timeframe. This edited volume considers opportunities to address global challenges in the context of developing resilience as an integrated development continuum instead of through independent and siloed agendas.

This handbook is a resource for enhancing disaster resilience in urban areas. It summarizes the guiding principles, tools, and practices in key economic sectors that can facilitate incorporation of resilience concepts into decisions about infrastructure investments and urban management that are integral to reducing disaster and climate risks.

Urbanisation and climate change are among the major challenges for sustainable development in Africa. The overall aim of this book is to present innovative approaches to vulnerability analysis and for enhancing the resilience of African cities against climate change-induced risks. Locally adapted IPCC climate change scenarios, which also consider possible changes in urban population, have been developed. Innovative strategies to land use and spatial planning are proposed that seek synergies between the adaptation to climate change and the need to solve social problems. Furthermore, the book explores the role of governance in successfully coping with climate-induced risks in urban areas. The book is unique in that it combines: a top-down perspective of climate change modeling with a bottom-up perspective of vulnerability assessment; quantitative approaches from engineering sciences and qualitative approaches of the social sciences; a novel multi-risk modeling methodology; and strategic approaches to urban and green infrastructure planning with neighborhood perspectives of adaptation.

"This book is designed for governments that make decisions on the application of preventive resettlement programs a disaster risk reduction measures, as well as for institutions and professionals in charge of preparing and implementing these programs, civil society organizations participating in resettlement and risk reduction processes, and at-risk communities. The basic premises of the guide are that resettlement as a preventive measure should be incorporated in comprehensive risk reduction strategies in order to be effect; and that resettlement's objective is to protect the lives and assets of persons at risk and to improve or at least restore their living conditions"--P. x.

The need to improve disaster risk management in urban areas has been increasingly acknowledged as a development challenge, in which local institutions play a central role. Innovative measures to reduce risk and tackle its root causes have emerged in several cities. Overall, however, a fragmentation between the fields of disaster risk management and urban development manifests in increasing levels of intensive and extensive urban risk. To address this shortfall, this thesis aims to interrogate a recognised 'good practice' case - the medium-sized city of Manizales in the Colombian Andes - and its notion of integrated risk management from an urban development planning perspective. It focuses on the emergence and configuration of the institutional enabling environment to understand the contributing factors to the city's current pathway. This qualitative research is based on data from in-depth interviews, document analysis and participant observation. The analytical framework draws on critical junctures to highlight Manizales' historical institutional trajectories, as well as insights from integrated resource management to reveal the enabling environment for integrated risk management. Results show that the enabling environment is configured by the relations between normative, regulative and cultural-cognitive factors, which emerged from three themes of critical junctures: 1. hazard and disaster events; 2. normative changes in the built environment and land use planning; and 3. political strategies and frameworks. Analysing the trajectories of integrated disaster risk management in Manizales indicates how cities can innovate and create co-benefits while managing urban risk. The thesis thereby contributes to approaches for integrating risk strategically and making it a conditioning and potentially even driving factor for urban development.

The objective of this analysis is to assess the state of progress of risk management in Colombia and propose recommendations to help the Government set public policy in the short-and long-term. For this reason, the study sought to: (i) establish the risk and impact of disasters in recent decades, (ii) identify legal, institutional and conceptual themes in the country, (iii) review the state and evolution of investment in risk management, (iv) analyze the role of local authorities and industry in the risk management, and (v) identify gaps and challenges in the definition of the responsibilities of public and private sectors. This report, a product of joint work with multiple public and private agencies, is not limited in analyzing the causes of risk and measuring their growth. By contrast, it elaborates on the institutional developments in the risk management at different levels of government and how the topic is incorporated in the territory of public administration and industry. It further states the great opportunities for joint risk management instruments of disaster planning, investment, existing monitoring and control, and shows the need to define public and private responsibility as part of a reduction strategy of the state's fiscal vulnerability. In conclusion, the study shows that if the country does not want to see economic growth accompanied by more frequent and larger losses it will be essential to have a radical change in development policies and land management practices and industry. Therefore, the present document defines a set of recommendations to improve management of disaster risk at the level of state policy, showing that the priority to reduce the impact of disasters is based on the task of improving conditions of use and occupation of territory.

Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.

The urban poor living in slums are at particularly high risk from the impacts of climate change and natural hazards. This study analyzes key issues affecting their vulnerability, with evidence from a number of cities in the developing world.