Design Synthesis And Characterization Of Liquid Infused Antifouling Materials

The work reported in this thesis focuses broadly on advancing new design principles, developing new fabrication approaches, and characterizing the physical properties and functional behaviors of liquid impregnated surfaces (LIS) or slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS). LIS or SLIPS are an emerging class of anti-fouling materials that are fabricated by the infusion of lubricating liquids into chemically compatible porous or textured solid surfaces, resulting in a thin and mobile film that allows a broad range of chemically complex liquids, microorganisms, and other contaminants to readily slide off. In the first half of this thesis, we demonstrate new fabrication approaches that allow liquid-infused materials to be formed on or applied to objects of arbitrary shape and size and, in many cases, using processes that have the potential to be integrated into industrial manufacturing processes. This involves approaches for the fabrication of polymer-based SLIPS in the confined luminal spaces of flexible tubing of arbitrary length and diameter, useful for reducing or preventing biofouling, process fouling, and the clogging or occlusion of tubing in a wide range of consumer, industrial, and healthcare-oriented applications. We further demonstrate a proof of concept demonstration of a continuous approach to SLIPS fabrication using a benchtop roll-to-roll setup to coat meter-scale lengths of flexible plastic film. SLIPS-coated film produced using this roll-to-roll approach was then used to design models of flexible food packaging (e.g., transparent bags or sachets) and containers. The second half of this thesis focuses on design principles that expand the range of building blocks that can be used to fabricate these anti-fouling materials and enable the incorporation of new behaviors and functions, such as controlled release, environmental responsiveness, biodegradability, and sustainability. We demonstrate that infusion of oils into porous nanofiber-based meshes fabricated by electrospinning or blow spinning of poly(caprolactone), a biodegradable polymer commonly used in biomedical implants and drug delivery devices, can lead to surfaces with robust anti-fouling performance. We further demonstrate that new functions and behaviors of controlled-release and environmental responsiveness can be introduced into these materials by using complex fluids such as water-in-oil (w/o) nanoemulsions or thermotropic liquid crystals, respectively, as the infused liquid phase instead of conventional oils.

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "3D Printed Microfluidic Devices" that was published in Micromachines

Twin polymerization is a novel approach where two distinct polymers are produced from a single source monomer, thus being an excellent tool for the synthesis of hybrid materials. The author introduces the principles of various twin polymerization processes, their classification and practical use. The book is supplied with numerous individual examples, demonstrating the potential of this strategy in materials synthesis.

This book comprehensively covers corrosion and corrosion protection in China in the areas including infrastructure, transportation, energy, water environment, as well as manufacturing and public utilities. Furthermore, it presents a major consulting project of Chinese Academy of Engineering, which was the largest corrosion investigation project in Chinese history, including the corresponding methods, processes and corrosion protection strategies, and provides valuable information for numerous industries. Sharing essential insights into corrosion prediction and decision-making, this book will help to decrease costs and extend the service life of equipment and facilities; accordingly, it will benefit scientists and engineers working on corrosion research and protection, as well as economists and government employees.

This unique book presents ways to mitigate the disastrous effects of snow/ice accumulation and discusses the mechanisms of new coatings deicing technologies. The strategies currently used to combat ice accumulation problems involve chemical, mechanical or electrical approaches. These are expensive and labor intensive, and the use of chemicals raises serious environmental concerns. The availability of truly icephobic surfaces or coatings will be a big boon in preventing the devastating effects of ice accumulation. Currently, there is tremendous interest in harnessing nanotechnology in rendering surfaces icephobic or in devising icephobic surface materials and coatings, and all signals indicate that such interest will continue unabated in the future. As the key issue regarding icephobic materials or coatings is their durability, much effort is being spent in developing surface materials or coatings which can be effective over a long period. With the tremendous activity in this arena, there is strong hope that in the not too distant future, durable surface materials or coatings will come to fruition. This book contains 20 chapters by subject matter experts and is divided into three parts— Part 1: Fundamentals of Ice Formation and Characterization; Part 2: Ice Adhesion and Its Measurement; and Part 3: Methods to Mitigate Ice Adhesion. The topics covered include: factors influencing the formation, adhesion and friction of ice; ice nucleation on solid surfaces; physics of ice nucleation and growth on a surface; condensation frosting; defrosting properties of structured surfaces; relationship between surface free energy and ice adhesion to surfaces; metrology of ice adhesion; test methods for quantifying ice adhesion strength to surfaces; interlaboratory studies of ice adhesion strength; mechanisms of surface icing and deicing technologies; icephobicities of superhydrophobic surfaces; anti-icing using microstructured surfaces; icephobic surfaces: features and challenges; bio-inspired anti-icing surface materials; durability of anti-icing coatings; durability of icephobic coatings; bio-inspired icephobic coatings; protection from ice accretion on aircraft; and numerical modeling and its application to inflight icing.

Biochemistry and ecology of biofilms from industrial, medical and other viewpoints.

Supramolecular chemistry, "the chemistry beyond the molecule", is a fascinating realm of modern science. The design of novel supramolecular structures, surfaces, and techniques are at the forefront of research in different application areas, including corrosion and biofouling protection. A team of international experts provide a comprehensive view of the applications and potential of supramolecular chemistry in corrosion and biofouling prevention. Chapter topics include types and fundamentals of supramolecules, supramolecular polymers and gels, host-guest inclusion compounds, organic-inorganic hybrid materials, metallo-assemblies, cyclodextrins, crown ethers, mesoporous silica and supramolecular structures of graphene and other advances. Additional Features include: Focuses on different aspects of supramolecular chemistry in corrosion and biofouling prevention. Comprehensively covers supramolecular interactions that can provide better corrosion and biofouling protection. Provides the latest developments in self-healing coatings. Explores recent research advancements in the suggested area. Includes case studies specific to industries. The different supramolecular approaches being investigated to control corrosion and biofouling are gathered in one well-organized reference to serve senior undergraduate and graduate students, research students, engineers, and researchers in the fields of corrosion science & engineering, biofouling, and protective coatings.