Cacci Country Profile Brazil

Brazil has made significant advances in the fight against climate change. The country is highly susceptible to climate impacts due to its geographic location and diverse territory. This territory is exposed to floods, earthquakes, landslides, droughts, and diseases, which put the population and national development at risk. Most greenhouse gas emissions come from three major economic activities: agriculture, land use, and energy. These sectors are highly vulnerable to climate change as they depend on natural resources to function. The country has been working on the creation and implementation of a variety of instruments to reduce emissions and address climate impacts. These instruments take into consideration the public, private and civil society sectors.

Peru faces a variety of climate risks just like the rest of the countries in the region. Being a country rich in biodiversity and climatic variety, Peru experiences different climatic impacts, which have been increasing in severity over time. These include increased rainfall, increased periods of drought, and soil degradation, among many other effects. For this reason, Peru has implemented numerous measures to fight against the effects of climate change. These measures focus on sectors vital to the development of the country, along with industries and services that are most directly affected by climate change. Actions have utilized international and national instruments strengthened for the current climate crisis, always taking into consideration all parts of the system by carrying out inter-institutional and multilevel interventions.

As a coastal and low-lying country, Guyana is exposed to many climatic hazards, as are the islands in the region. Risks such as flooding, sea level rise, and drought directly impact its development and population. This is due to the increased spread of diseases, contamination of water sources, damage to the agricultural sector, and destruction of forests. Forestry and energy are identified as priority sectors for climate adaptation and mitigation. The agriculture and water sectors can also play an important role in this process. To achieve the goals proposed in its NDC, Guyana has made efforts to create or improve policies and programs. These developments take into consideration the policy needs of the local population and the fact that the main emitting sectors are also vital for the country's economic development and are highly vulnerable to climatic conditions. Approximately 96% of emissions are generated by three specific sectors: land-use change and forestry (as the largest emitter), energy, and finally agriculture.

Ecuador has great climatic variability, due to its geological diversity and variety in altitude and terrain. The country has two seasons: rainy and dry. Ecuador faces a variety of climatic risks such as floods and landslides caused by the increase in annual rainfall during phenomena such as El Niño, as well as droughts that weaken soils and affect agricultural processes. Likewise, there are effects caused by rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and vulnerability of water sources. The sectors that generate the greatest emissions in the country are energy, land use, and agriculture, which are vital for social and economic development. It is important to highlight the efforts made by the country through public policies and other instruments focused on the fight against climate change, which are aligned with its constitution and international agreements. In this way, Ecuador has a bases and guidelines for the development of strategies with an interdisciplinary approach and considering all the actors.

The new playbook for innovation and startup success is emerging from beyond Silicon Valley--at the "frontier." Startups have changed the world. In the United States, many startups, such as Tesla, Apple, and Amazon, have become household names. The economic value of startups has doubled since 1992 and is projected to double again in the next fifteen years. For decades, the hot center of this phenomenon has been Silicon Valley. This is changing fast. Thanks to technology, startups are now taking root everywhere, from Delhi to Detroit to Nairobi to Sao Paulo. Yet despite this globalization of startup activity, our knowledge of how to build successful startups is still drawn primarily from Silicon Valley. As venture capitalist Alexandre Lazarow shows in this insightful and instructive book, this Silicon Valley "gospel" is due for a refresh--and it comes from what he calls the "frontier," the growing constellation of startup ecosystems, outside of the Valley and other major economic centers, that now stretches across the globe. The frontier is a truly different world where startups often must cope with political or economic instability and lack of infrastructure, and where there might be little or no access to angel investors, venture capitalists, or experienced employee pools. Under such conditions, entrepreneurs must be creators who build industries rather than disruptors who change them because there are few existing businesses to disrupt. The companies they create must be global from birth because local markets are too small. They focus on resiliency and sustainability rather than unicorn-style growth at any cost. With rich and wide-ranging stories of frontier innovators from around the world, Out-Innovate is the new playbook for innovation--wherever it has the potential to happen.

This book gathers selected papers presented at the Second International Conference on Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation (ICIMA 2020), which was jointly organized by the Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Production Engineering at Dwarkadas J. Sanghvi College of Engineering (DJSCE), Mumbai, and by the Indian Society of Manufacturing Engineers (ISME). Covering a range of topics in intelligent manufacturing, automation, advanced materials and design, it focuses on the latest advances in e.g. CAD/CAM/CAE/CIM/FMS in manufacturing, artificial intelligence in manufacturing, IoT in manufacturing, product design & development, DFM/DFA/FMEA, MEMS & nanotechnology, rapid prototyping, computational techniques, nano- & micro-machining, sustainable manufacturing, industrial engineering, manufacturing process management, modelling & optimization techniques, CRM, MRP & ERP, green, lean & agile manufacturing, logistics & supply chain management, quality assurance & environmental protection, advanced material processing & characterization of composite & smart materials. The book is intended as a reference guide for future researchers, and as a valuable resource for students in graduate and doctoral programmes.

This book describes Italian mathematics in the period between the two World Wars. It analyzes the development by focusing on both the interior and the external influences. Italian mathematics in that period was shaped by a colorful array of strong personalities who concentrated their efforts on a select number of fields and won international recognition and respect in an incredibly short time. Consequently, Italy was considered a third mathematical power after France and Germany.

Renewable Heating and Cooling: Technologies and Applications presents the latest information on the generation of heat for industry and domestic purposes, an area where a significant proportion of total energy is consumed. In Europe, this figure is estimated to be almost 50%, with the majority of heat generated by the consumption of fossil fuels. As there is a pressing need to increase the uptake of renewable heating and cooling (RHC) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, this book provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview on the topic. Part One introduces key RHC technologies and discusses RHC in the context of global heating and cooling demand, featuring chapters on solar thermal process heat generation, deep geothermal energy, and solar cooling technologies. Part Two explores enabling technologies, special applications, and case studies with detailed coverage of thermal energy storage, hybrid systems, and renewable heating for RHC, along with case studies in China and Sweden. Users will find this book to be an essential resource for lead engineers and engineering consultants working on renewable heating and cooling in engineering companies, as well as academics and R&D professionals in private research institutes who have a particular interest in the subject matter. Includes coverage on biomass, solar thermal, and geothermal renewable heating and cooling technologies Features chapters on solar thermal process heat generation, deep geothermal energy, solar cooling technologies, and special applications Presents case studies with detailed coverage of thermal energy storage, hybrid systems, and renewable heating for RHC Explores enabling technologies and special applications

A unique survey of each country in the region. It includes an extensive collection of facts, statistics, analysis and directory information in one accessible volume.