Building Facade Maintenance

Combined with ASTM Standard Practice for Periodic Inspection of Building Facades for Unsafe Conditions (E 2270), this new publication provides a rational guide for building owners and governing authorities to help ensure the safety of our aging building infrastructure. Twenty-four peer-reviewed papers, written by experts who bring first hand knowledge and experience to this work, cover faade ordinances; historic buildings; data collection techniques; and repair techniques."

Comprehensive, in-depth coverage from leading experts in thefield A historic building is a fragile resource that requires the finestcare. Maintenance and rehabilitation of walls and facades call fora thorough understanding of the forces that cause deterioration,knowledge of the properties of building materials, up-to-dateinspection tools and methods, and a solid command of renovation andrepair techniques. In this complete reference manual, recognizedexperts provide state-of-the-art information and methodologies forthe inspection, maintenance, and restoration of historic buildingsof virtually every period, style, and material. Each chapter opens with a general discussion of the facade materialand the ways in which structural and decorative elements arevulnerable to an array of environmental forces. After a detailedinvestigation of tools and techniques for inspection, the textexplores planning issues for the restoration or replacement offacade components. Special features include: * Separate chapters on each major type of building material--stonemasonry, brick masonry, terra-cotta masonry, cast stone, mortar,concrete, cast iron, sheet metal, and wood * An entire chapter on caulks and sealants * 35 original line drawings and 43 black and white photos that helpvisualize technical information * Selected success stories from preservation projects across theUnited States For architects, building contractors, and owners of historicbuildings, Historic Building Facades clarifies procedures, helpsidentify sources of deterioration, and offers solutions to even themost difficult maintenance and rehabilitation problems. It is alsoan excellent reference for building preservationists, architecturalhistorians, and students of building design and preservation.

As tall buildings have achieved greater heights and their designs have become more complex, the challenges of façade access and maintenance have grown exponentially, demanding new levels of efficiency, coordination and customization to effectively preserve a building's function and value to owners and tenants for years to come.Through a series of detailed case studies - contextualized with supporting material on equipment types, spatial considerations, special façade typologies and more this CTBUH technical Guide attempts to illustrate the systems and components that are available to provide access solutions for the many and varied challenges inherent in the tall building typology. Key design considerations and best practices, distilled from the case studies and research within, aim to provide guidance for choosing the most appropriate solutions.This desktop reference for designers, builders, developers and owners is intended to promote a better overall understanding of the needs, requirements and options for façade access - conveying innovation solutions and in-depth analyses for this crucial element of skyscraper design.

Rethinking Building Skins: Transformative Technologies and Research Trajectories provides a comprehensive collection of the most relevant and forward-looking research in the field of façade design and construction today, with a focus on both product and process innovation. The book brings together the expertise, creativity, and critical thinking of more than fifty global innovators from both academia and industry, to guide the reader in translating research into practice. It identifies new opportunities for the construction sector to respond to present challenges, towards a more sustainable, efficient, connected, and safe future. Introduces the reader to the role of façades with respect to the main challenges ahead Provides an overview of the major façade technological advancements throughout history and identifies prospective research trajectories Includes interviews with key industry players from different backgrounds and expertise Showcases a comprehensive range of leading research topics in the field, organised by product and process innovation Covers major innovations across the value chain including façade design, fabrication, construction, operation and maintenance, and end-of-life Contributes towards the definition of an international research agenda and identifies emerging market opportunities for the façade industry

"Facades mounted on the exterior of buildings protect the interior from aggressive environments, besides contributing to their aesthetics and technical performance. Unfortunately, despite some serious facade failures involving some deaths and injuries, their inspection and maintenance, which are essential for public safety, have been generally ignored. On July 16, 2009, a large concrete facade element, weighing 320 kg, detached from the building structure of a Montreal hotel and fell on its exterior sidewalk cafe, instantaneously killing a young woman celebrating her birthday and injuring her husband. Some major U.S. cities, such as New York, Chicago and Boston have learnt from such tragedies, and nine American cities have enacted by-laws or ordnances requiring mandatory periodic facade inspections to ensure public safety. However, Canadian cities do not have similar stringent regulations to guide design, construction, maintenance and life-cycle performance of facades to ensure their safety over service life. The National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) includes safety provisions for building components which implement environmental separation; however, the NBCC and other relevant CSA standards do not deal adequately with the maintenance, performance and durability issues related to the performance of these facades. This research program is an attempt to develop and recommend strategies to minimize these risks through mandatory inspection and maintenance programs, and to eliminate similar tragedies from occurring in the future." --

Facade staining is a centuries-old building defect that is globally widespread. Millions of dollars are wasted annually for its rectification. A stained building looks old and worn-out, diminishing the value of the property and the confidence in occupying it. The facade's durability may also be affected by staining. Despite these wide and varying downstream implications, facade staining can actually be foreseen and prevented if conscientious efforts are made at the building's planning and design stages.This book provides insight into the underlying causes of facade staining and proposes an approach to address the root of the problem. It aims to raise awareness of crucial factors that should be understood and considered in the prevention or minimization of facade staining, hence reducing resource wastage in unnecessary maintenance work.Staining of Facades will serve as a useful guide for students as well as practitioners in related professions such as architecture, engineering, building, real estate, and project and property management, in their efforts to minimize the life-cycle costs of buildings.

It is all about the world’s leading Façade Access System experts coming up with exceptional façade access solutions to 62 iconic architectures around the world designed by the world’s leading architects. This is intended for: - Architects - Builders - Consultants - Contractors - Façade Engineers and - Facility Managers This book provides the necessary information on how the façade access challenges have been solved around the world. It also gives a valuable reference on how the current and future challenges in façade access can be solved on more and more challenging architectural designs that we are coming across now and are expected to come up in the foreseeable future.

The long term success of any building maintenance program is directly influenced by the information available. Facades are particularly challenging since they are not conventionally viewed as regular maintenance items and the components are mistakenly thought of as "permanent." The Standard Practice for Building Data Management ASTM E-2166, gives the building owner a structure on which to arrange all relevant building data to develop factual relationships that will make forecasting, analysis, and budgeting for building maintenance more reliable.

Much attention has been given to the increasing number of defects on building facades in relation to the construction industry's growing use of large panel curtain walls. This book highlights the various types of defects commonly found on building facades under tropical conditions. The facade elements discussed include natural stone, glass, metal sheeting, plaster and tiling. The causes of defects, such as poor workmanship, inadequate design and maintenance, inappropriate use of materials and the action of environmental agents, are evaluated. The typical problems highlighted include cracking, water penetration, misalignment, sealant defects, discoloration, staining, efflorescence, corrosion and tile delamination. The causes of these defects and their implications for design, construction and maintenance are described. Illustrated with many photographs, this book will be a useful guide both to practising professionals and to undergraduate and graduate students.