Asias Evolving Role In Global Wine Markets

Over the past decade Hong Kong and China have become far more important to the world's wine markets, while Southeast Asia's imports of fine wine continue to grow steadily. This paper reviews recent developments in the light of comparative advantage theory before drawing on a model of global wine markets to project developments in Asia and elsewhere over the next five years under various economic growth, real exchange rate, and policy assumptions. It concludes that China is set to continue to be by far the most dominant player in Asia, and to change global markets for wines dramatically, just as it has been doing and will continue to do for so many other products.

Until very recently, most grape-based wine was consumed close to where it was produced, and mostly that was in Europe. Barely one-tenth of the world's wine production was exported prior to the 1970s, even counting intra-European trade. The latest wave of globalization has changed that forever. Now more than one-third of all wine consumed globally is produced in another country, and Europe's dominance of global wine trade has been greatly diminished by the surge of exports from 'New World' producers. New consumers also have come onto the scene as incomes have grown, eating habits have changed and tastes have broadened. Asia in particular is emerging as a new and rapidly growing wine market - and in China that is stimulating the development of local, modern production capability that, in volume terms, already rivals that of Argentina, Australia and South Africa. This latest edition of global wine statistics therefore not only updates data to 2009 and revises past data, but also expands on earlier editions in a number of ways. For example, we now separately identify an extra eight Asian countries or customs areas (Hong Kong, India, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand) in addition to China and Japan. We also include more than 50 new tables to cover such items as excise and import taxes, per capita expenditure on wine, the share of domestic sales in off-trade, the shares of the largest firms in national markets and globally, and the most powerful wine brands globally. Given the growing interest in the health aspects of alcohol consumption, we now express it per adult as well as per capita. Perhaps the most significant addition to this latest version is a new section that provides estimates of the volume, value and hence unit value of wine production, consumption, exports and imports for four catagories: sparkling wines, and non-premium, commercial-premium and super-premium still wines.

Need to know how other exporting countries are doing in your growth markets abroad? Or how wine is competing in the market for alcoholic beverages? Or which countries are most rapidly upgrading the quality of their wine imports? These and a thousand other such questions can now be readily answered with the help of this new statistical compendium. Among other things, the Compendium exposes the extent to which the world's various wine markets are structurally adjusting. Until 15 years ago, wine exporting was an almost exclusively European activity. Since then, however, California and several southern hemisphere countries (Australia, Argentina, Chile, South Africa, and New Zealand) have begun to challenge that European dominance. With these major changes, and with a new round of WTO-sponsored multilateral trade negotiations (the Doha Development Agenda) getting under way, there is a greater need than ever for systematic analysis of the world's markets for wine. An essential prerequisite for such analysis is a thorough understanding of past trends and recent developments. To that end this statistical compendium brings together data from a wide range of national and international sources and summarizes them in ways that make it easy to see trends over time and draw comparisons across countries.

This book uses empirically-based analytical narratives to shed light on the development of national wine markets throughout the world.

Until recently, most grape-based wine was consumed close to where it was produced, and mostly that was in Europe. Despite the huge growth in inter-continental trade, investment and migration during the first globalization wave that came to a halt with World War I, it was not until the 1990s that the export share of global wine production rose above the 5-12% range in which it had fluctuated for centuries. The latest globalization wave has changed that forever. Now more than two-fifths of all wine consumed globally is produced in another country. Europe’s dominance of global wine trade has been diminished by the surge of exports from the Southern Hemisphere and the United States. New consumers have come onto the scene as incomes have grown, eating and drinking habits have changed, and tastes have broadened. Asia has emerged as an important consuming region, and in China that has stimulated the development of local production that, in volume terms, already rivals that of Argentina, Australia, Chile and South Africa. This latest edition of global wine statistics not only updates data to 2016 but also adds another century of data. The motivation to assemble those historical data was to enable comparisons between the current and the previous globalization waves. This unique database reveals that, even though Europe’s vineyards were devastated by vine diseases and the pest phylloxera from the 1860s, most ‘New World’ countries remained net importers of wine until late in the nineteenth century. Some of the world’s leading wine economists and historians have contributed to and drawn on this database to examine the development of national wine market developments before, during and in between the two waves of globalization. Their initial analyses cover all key wine-producing and -consuming countries using a common methodology to explain long-term trends and cycles in national wine production, consumption, and trade. They are available in Wine Globalization: A New Comparative History, edited by Kym Anderson and Vicente Pinilla (Cambridge University Press, February 2018).

"This work will appeal to students enrolled in wine marketing and business courses, those studying industrial organization, and economists and other social scientists interested in case studies of globalization at work. As well, wine industry participants interested in understanding the reasons behind the recent dramatic developments in the industry will find this book of great value."--BOOK JACKET.

This is the second edition of the definitive analysis of the international wine trade. This new edition focuses on individual trade flows across the major importing and exporting countries, examines the increasing role of food retailers in wine selling and looks for the future trends which will shape the industry in the new millennium.The book begins by examining technical factors in the wine trade giving rise to differences in pricing and considers how wines' characteristics help to position the final products. It shows how trends in consumption are changing in different ways in the traditional and Anglo-Saxon markets and explains the effects of developments in international trade such as the role of trade barriers.The heart of the book profiles the ten major wine importing countries and considers: Trends in the consumption of alcoholic drinks Wine market and import patterns The configuration of import and distribution channels Each country's trade policy with detailed comparisons between them The book then goes on to consider the wine trade from the exporters point of view and describes: The challenge posed by New World producers to those based in Western Europe The influence of the previously planned economies of the former Soviet bloc The role of the EU and the likely effect of further European integration The influence of tariff schedules and the GATT negotiations This edition will be essential reading for all wine trade professionals including: wine producers, importers and exporters, negocients, co-operatives and regional economic development agencies, and wine merchants and retailers.

China is turning into one of the world’s largest, most lucrative food and beverage markets. Especially wine is in demand and has become fashionable as a symbol of social status. This trend is very likely to continue as wine consumption is closely related to income and China’s emerging middle class offers tremendous potential. The market’s healthy value growth will further encourage newcomers from outside China. But how can a market entrance be successfully managed and what are the main challenges when bringing wine to China? This book is an insiders’ guide to efficiently planning a market entry by taking a thorough look at the wine market of China. It surveys the typical behavior of the Chinese wine consumer and examines the relevant factors for a successful market entry. Distribution channels (off- and online), pricing models and marketing activities are scrutinized. Further, the reader gets insights into the challenges of this dynamic market, such as fierce domestic and foreign competition, policies and regulations as well as entry barriers. The thirst for wine prevails, and this book will leverage your momentum.

This Palgrave Handbook offers the first international comparative study into the efficiency of the industrial organization of the global wine industry. Looking at several important vineyards of the main wine countries, the contributors analyze differences in implementation and articulation of three key stages: grape production, wine making and distribution (marketing, selling and logistics). By examining regulations, organization theory, industry organizational efficiency and vertical integration, up to date strategies in the sector are presented and appraised. Which models are most efficient? What are the most relevant factors for optimal performance? How do reputation and governance impact the industry? Should different models co-exist within the wine countries for global success? This comprehensive volume is essential reading for students, researchers and professionals in the wine industry.

The International Economics of Wine provides a broad range of studies by Professor Kym Anderson and his co-authors of the international trade dimension of national, regional and global wine market developments over the past quarter-century. Prior to 1990, barely 10% of global wine production crossed national borders, but now that figure is 40%. In that short period, wine has switched from being one of the world's least-traded agricultural products to one of the most traded internationally. This has created an unprecedented boom for consumers, who have also witnessed huge improvements in the quality and diversity of wines available. The chapters in this book shed light on the causes and consequences of the dramatic transformation of the world of wine. An economic model of the world's wine markets, based on newly compiled data, makes it possible to quantify the likely effects of changes in incomes, consumer preferences, tax and trade policies, and exchange rates. Differential changes in technologies and winegrape varieties, and the opening up of cooler wine regions, have also altered comparative advantages in wine.