Alternative Fuels And Raw Materials Handbook For The Cement And Lime Industry

This book captures the path of digital transformation that the cement enterprises are adopting progressively to elevate themselves to ‘Industry 4.0’ level. Digital innovations-based Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are pertinent technologies for the cement enterprises as the manufacturing processes operate at very large scales with multiple inputs, outputs, and variables, resulting in the essentiality of big data management. Featuring contributions from cement industries worldwide, it covers various aspects of cement manufacturing from IoT, machine learning and data analytics perspective. It further discusses implementation of digital solutions in cement process and plants through case studies. Features: Present an up-to-date, consolidated view on modern cement manufacturing technology, applying new systems. Provides narration of complexity and variables in modern cement plants and processes. Discusses evolution of automation and computerization for the manufacturing processes. Covers application of ERP techniques to cement enterprises. Includes data-driven approaches for energy, environment, and quality management. This book aims at researchers and industry professionals involved in cement manufacturing, cement machinery and system suppliers, chemical engineering, process engineering, industrial engineering, and chemistry.

While strides are being made in the research and development of environmentally acceptable and more sustainable alternative fuels—including efforts to reduce emissions of air pollutants associated with combustion processes from electric power generation and vehicular transportation—fossil fuel resources are limited and may soon be on the verge of depletion in the near future. Measuring the correlation between quality of life, energy consumption, and the efficient utilization of energy, the Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition thoroughly examines the science and technology of alternative fuels and their processing technologies. It focuses specifically on environmental, technoeconomic, and socioeconomic issues associated with the use of alternative energy sources, such as sustainability, applicable technologies, modes of utilization, and impacts on society. Written with research and development scientists and engineers in mind, the material in this handbook provides a detailed description and an assessment of available and feasible technologies, environmental health and safety issues, governmental regulations, and issues and agendas for R&D. It also includes alternative energy networks for production, distribution, and consumption. What’s New in This Edition: Contains several new chapters of emerging interest and updates various chapters throughout Includes coverage of coal gasification and liquefaction, hydrogen technology and safety, shale fuel by hydraulic fracturing, ethanol from lignocellulosics, biodiesel, algae fuels, and energy from waste products Covers statistics, current concerns, and future trends A single-volume complete reference, the Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition contains relevant information on chemistry, technology, and novel approaches, as well as scientific foundations for further enhancements and breakthroughs. In addition to its purposes as a handbook for practicing scientists and engineers, it can also be used as a textbook or as a reference book on fuel science and engineering, energy and environment, chemical process design, and energy and environmental policy.

The book is an outcome of the author’s active professional involvement in research, manufacture and consultancy in the field of cement chemistry and process engineering. This multidisciplinary title on cement production technology covers the entire process spectrum of cement production, starting from extraction and winning of natural raw materials to the finished products including the environmental impacts and research trends. The book has an overtone of practice supported by the back-up principles.

The production of cement involves a combination of numerous raw materials, strictly monitored system processes, and temperatures on the order of 1500 °C. Immense quantities of fuel are required for the production of cement. Traditionally, energy from fossil fuels was solely relied upon for the production of cement. The overarching project objective is to evaluate the use of alternative fuels to lessen the dependence on non-renewable resources to produce portland cement. The key objective of using alternative fuels is to continue to produce high-quality cement while decreasing the use of non-renewable fuels and minimizing the impact on the environment. Burn characteristics and thermodynamic parameters were evaluated with a laboratory burn simulator under conditions that mimic those in the preheater where the fuels are brought into a cement plant. A drop-tube furnace and visualization method were developed that show potential for evaluating time- and space-resolved temperature distributions for fuel solid particles and liquid droplets undergoing combustion in various combustion atmospheres. Downdraft gasification has been explored as a means to extract chemical energy from poultry litter while limiting the throughput of potentially deleterious components with regards to use in firing a cement kiln. Results have shown that the clinkering is temperature independent, at least within the controllable temperature range. Limestone also had only a slight effect on the fusion when used to coat the pellets. However, limestone addition did display some promise in regards to chlorine capture, as ash analyses showed chlorine concentrations of more than four times greater in the limestone infused ash as compared to raw poultry litter. A reliable and convenient sampling procedure was developed to estimate the combustion quality of broiler litter that is the best compromise between convenience and reliability by means of statistical analysis. Multi-day trial burns were conducted at a full-scale cement plant with alternative fuels to examine their compatibility with the cement production process. Construction and demolition waste, woodchips, and soybean seeds were used as alternative fuels at a full-scale cement production facility. These fuels were co-fired with coal and waste plastics. The alternative fuels used in this trial accounted for 5 to 16 % of the total energy consumed during these burns. The overall performance of the portland cement produced during the various trial burns performed for practical purposes very similar to the cement produced during the control burn. The cement plant was successful in implementing alternative fuels to produce a consistent, high-quality product that increased cement performance while reducing the environmental footprint of the plant. The utilization of construction and demolition waste, woodchips and soybean seeds proved to be viable replacements for traditional fuels. The future use of these fuels depends on local availability, associated costs, and compatibility with a facility's production process.

Handbook of Recycling, Second Edition, Winner of the International Solid Waste Association's 2014 Publication Award, is an authoritative review of the current state of recycling, reuse and reclamation processes commonly implemented today and how they interact with one another. Fully updated to cover recent developments in the field, this second edition has also been restructured to cover General Aspects of Recycling, Applications, Technology, Recovery and Collection, Economics, Governance and Policy. Several new chapters on global recycled material flows, sludges, reinforced plastics, and landfill mining have been added. It concludes with a review of the policy and economic implications, including the impact of recycling on energy use, sustainable development, and the environment. This book is a crucial aid to students and researchers in a range of disciplines, from materials and environmental science to public policy studies. Chapters authored by key experts from academia, industry, and the policymaking community Provides a thorough analysis from theory to practice to deeply understand the fundamentals, dynamics, complex interactions, opportunities, and challenges of recycling, within the larger picture of a circular system Describes the state of the art and lessons learned, to understand future challenges in recycling of a wide variety of products, materials, and waste flows Introduces the tools and practices to understand the opportunities and limitations of recycling in the context of a circular economy

The latest research innovations and enhanced technologies have altered the discipline of materials science and engineering. As a direct result of these developments, new trends in Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) pedagogy have emerged that require attention. The Handbook of Research on Recent Developments in Materials Science and Corrosion Engineering Education brings together innovative and current advances in the curriculum design and course content of MSE education programs. Focusing on the application of instructional strategies, pedagogical frameworks, and career preparation techniques, this book is an essential reference source for academicians, engineering practitioners, researchers, and industry professionals interested in emerging and future trends in MSE training and education.

In addition to enabling a clean and energy efficient future, alternative fuel sources are fast becoming a necessity for meeting today's growing demands for low-cost and convenient energy. The Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies offers a thorough guide to the science and available technologies for developing alternatives to petroleum fuel sour