Wearable Biosensing In Medicine And Healthcare

This book contains chapters on wearable biomedical sensors and their assistive technologies for promoting behavioral change in medical and health care. Part I reviews several wearable biomedical sensors based on biocompatible materials and nano and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies in the medical and dental fields. Part II introduces the latest approaches to wearable biosensing using unique devices for various skin targets such as sweat, interstitial fluid, and transcutaneous gases. Part III presents technologies supporting wearable sensors, including soft and flexible materials, manufacturing methods, skin volatile-marker imaging, and energy harvesting devices. This book is intended for graduate students, academic researchers, and professors that work in medical and healthcare research fields, as well as industry professionals involved in the development of wearable and flexible sensing devices and measurement systems for human bio/chemical sensing, medical monitoring, and healthcare services, and for medical professionals and government officials who are driving behavior change in health care.

Wearable Bioelectronics presents the latest on physical and (bio)chemical sensing for wearable electronics. It covers the miniaturization of bioelectrodes and high-throughput biosensing platforms while also presenting a systemic approach for the development of electrochemical biosensors and bioelectronics for biomedical applications. The book addresses the fundamentals, materials, processes and devices for wearable bioelectronics, showcasing key applications, including device fabrication, manufacturing, and healthcare applications. Topics covered include self-powering wearable bioelectronics, electrochemical transducers, textile-based biosensors, epidermal electronics and other exciting applications. Includes comprehensive and systematic coverage of the most exciting and promising bioelectronics, processes for their fabrication, and their applications in healthcare Reviews innovative applications, such as self-powering wearable bioelectronics, electrochemical transducers, textile-based biosensors and electronic skin Examines and discusses the future of wearable bioelectronics Addresses the wearable electronics market as a development of the healthcare industry

Smart Biosensors in Medical Care discusses the characteristics of biosensors and their potential applications in healthcare. This book is aimed at professionals, scientists and engineers who are interested in integrating biosensors into medical care systems for patients. It also provides fundamental and foundational knowledge for undergraduate and post graduate students. The book presents a comprehensive view of up-to-date requirements in hardware and communication, offers future perspectives on next-generation medical care systems, and includes global case studies of recent system operations in healthcare. Sections cover smart biosensors, such as wearable, implantable, patch based, and enzyme based for medical care. Advances in ubiquitous sensing applications for healthcare is a series which covers new systems based on ubiquitous sensing for healthcare (USH). Volumes in this series cover a wide range of interdisciplinary areas, including wireless sensors networks, wireless body area networks, Big data, Internet-of-Things (IoT), security, monitoring, real time data collection, data management, systems design/analysis, and much more. Covers the basics of biosensor based medical care data analysis and management Discusses data transmission techniques, presenting applications with extensive studies for biosensor based medical healthcare systems Offers solutions to the challenges of designing biosensor based medical healthcare systems

Biosensors and systems in the form of wearables and “nearables” (i.e., everyday sensorized objects with transmitting capabilities such as smartphones) are rapidly evolving for use in healthcare. Unlike conventional approaches, these technologies can enable seamless or on-demand physiological monitoring, anytime and anywhere. Such monitoring can help transform healthcare from the current reactive, one-size-fits-all, hospital-centered approach into a future proactive, personalized, decentralized structure. Wearable and nearable biosensors and systems have been made possible through integrated innovations in sensor design, electronics, data transmission, power management, and signal processing. Although much progress has been made in this field, many open challenges for the scientific community remain, especially for those applications requiring high accuracy. This book contains the 12 papers that constituted a recent Special Issue of Sensors sharing the same title. The aim of the initiative was to provide a collection of state-of-the-art investigations on wearables and nearables, in order to stimulate technological advances and the use of the technology to benefit healthcare. The topics covered by the book offer both depth and breadth pertaining to wearable and nearable technology. They include new biosensors and data transmission techniques, studies on accelerometers, signal processing, and cardiovascular monitoring, clinical applications, and validation of commercial devices.

Biosensors and systems in the form of wearables and “nearables” (i.e., everyday sensorized objects with transmitting capabilities such as smartphones) are rapidly evolving for use in healthcare. Unlike conventional approaches, these technologies can enable seamless or on-demand physiological monitoring, anytime and anywhere. Such monitoring can help transform healthcare from the current reactive, one-size-fits-all, hospital-centered approach into a future proactive, personalized, decentralized structure. Wearable and nearable biosensors and systems have been made possible through integrated innovations in sensor design, electronics, data transmission, power management, and signal processing. Although much progress has been made in this field, many open challenges for the scientific community remain, especially for those applications requiring high accuracy. This book contains the 12 papers that constituted a recent Special Issue of Sensors sharing the same title. The aim of the initiative was to provide a collection of state-of-the-art investigations on wearables and nearables, in order to stimulate technological advances and the use of the technology to benefit healthcare. The topics covered by the book offer both depth and breadth pertaining to wearable and nearable technology. They include new biosensors and data transmission techniques, studies on accelerometers, signal processing, and cardiovascular monitoring, clinical applications, and validation of commercial devices.

Wearable Physical, Chemical and Biological Sensors introduces readers of all backgrounds—chemistry, electronics, photonics, biology, microfluidics, materials, and more—to the fundamental principles needed to develop wearable sensors for a host of different applications. The capability to continuously monitor organ-related biomarkers, environmental exposure, movement disorders, and other health conditions using miniaturized devices that operate in real time provides numerous benefits, such as avoiding or delaying the onset of disease, saving resources allocated to public health, and making better decisions on medical diagnostics or treatment. Worn like glasses, masks, wristwatches, fitness bands, tattoo-like devices, or patches, wearables are being boosted by the Internet of Things in combination with smart mobile devices. Besides, wearables for smart agriculture are also covered. Written by experts in their respective fields, Wearable Physical, Chemical and Biological Sensors provides insights on how to design, fabricate, and operate these sensors. Provides a holistic view of the field, covering physical, chemical, and biosensing approaches along with the advantages of their various functionalities Covers all necessary elements for developing wearable sensors, including materials, biorecognition elements, transductions systems, signal amplification strategies, and system design considerations Each chapter includes examples, summaries, and references for further reading

This book covers novel and current strategies for biosensing, from the use of nanomaterials and biological functionalized surfaces to the mathematical assessment of novel biosensors and their potential use as wearable devices for continuous monitoring. Biosensing technologies can be used in the medical field for the early detection of disease, monitoring effectiveness of treatments, detecting nervous system signals for controlling robotic prosthesis, and much more. This book includes eleven chapters that examine and discuss several strategies of biosensing, proposing mathematical designs that address the latest reported technologies.

As diverse as tomorrow’s society constituent groups may be, they will share the common requirements that their life should become safer and healthier, offering higher levels of effectiveness, communication and personal freedom. The key common part to all potential solutions fulfilling these requirements is wearable embedded systems, with longer periods of autonomy, offering wider functionality, more communication possibilities and increased computational power. As electronic and information systems on the human body, their role is to collect relevant physiological information, and to interface between humans and local and/or global information systems. Within this context, there is an increasing need for applications in diverse fields, from health to rescue to sport and even remote activities in space, to have real-time access to vital signs and other behavioral parameters for personalized healthcare, rescue operation planning, etc. This book’s coverage will span all scientific and technological areas that define wearable monitoring systems, including sensors, signal processing, energy, system integration, communications, and user interfaces. Six case studies will be used to illustrate the principles and practices introduced.

Wearable biomarker sensors have made significant strides in the realm of personalized healthcare, permitting the seamless acquisition of physiological data from non-invasively sourced biofluids. This research delves deeper into this frontier, investigating the potential of these sensors to monitor specific molecular biomarkers that provide granular insights into an individual's physiological and psychological states. In this thesis, three principal domains were particularly addressed: native electroactive biomarker detection, electroenzymatic detection of metabolites, and aptamer detection of xenobiotics and hormones.In chapter 2, we addressed the inherent challenges of employing voltammetry for the analysis of native electroactive biomarkers like uric acid. By introducing a fouling-resistant sensing interface that combines a boron-doped diamond electrode with a hydrophilic chitosan membrane, we provided an effective solution to the biofouling challenges that typically plague the analysis of untreated biofluids. In chapter 3 and chapter 4, our research tapped into the capabilities of oxidoreductase enzymes for indirectly reactive biomarker electroenzymatic detection. In chapter 3, we revealed the inherent limitations of the traditionally used mediator-free sensing interface for wearable applications, and devised an alternative that incorporates a permselective membrane and a platinum/carbon-nanotube-based electroanalysis layer. This approach is adaptable to measure a wide range of vital metabolites like glucose, lactate, and choline. Furthermore, in chapter 4, our design of a unique cofactor-integrated biosensing framework, utilizing cofactor immobilized single-wall carbon nanotubes, laid the foundation for broad in vivo enzymatic sensing, specifically capitalizing on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-based enzymatic reactions. In chapter 5 and chapter 6, we shifted the focus to the aptamer detection of xenobiotics and hormones. In chapter 5, by integrating an aptamer functionalized field-effect-transistor sensing system, our research demonstrated continuous wearable sweat cortisol monitoring. In chapter 6, our innovative microneedle-based electrochemical aptamer biosensor patch offers real-time insights into the pharmacokinetics of drugs in interstitial fluid circulation. Demonstrated through in vivo tests on specific antibiotics such as tobramycin and vancomycin, our advancements in wearable biosensors stand to revolutionize potential applications in healthcare, furnishing users with accurate, prompt, and insightful data about their health metrics.

Wearable and Implantable Medical Devices: Applications and Challenges, Fourth Edition highlights the new aspects of wearable and implanted sensors technology in the healthcare sector and monitoring systems. The book's contributions include several interdisciplinary domains, such as wearable sensors, implanted sensors devices, Internet-of-Things (IoT), security, real-time medical healthcare monitoring, WIBSN design and data management, encryption, and decision-support systems. Contributions emphasize several topics, including real-world applications and the design and implementation of wearable devices. This book demonstrates that this new field has a brilliant future in applied healthcare research and in healthcare monitoring systems. Includes comprehensive information on wearable and implanted device technology, wearable and implanted sensors design, WIBSN requirements, WIBSN in monitoring systems and security concepts Highlights machine learning and computing in healthcare monitoring systems based on WIBSN Includes a multidisciplinary approach to different healthcare applications and their associated challenges based on wearable and implanted technologies