Water Purification And Management

One of the major challenges for many Mediterranean and other countries is finding viable solutions to tackle water shortage. Some of the major water quality constraints derive from the high salinity of groundwater and from pollution sources such as: untreated domestic sewage, fertilizers and pesticides from irrigation drainage, industrial effluents, and solid waste disposal. Wastewater treatment processes involving physico-chemical and biological treatment, chemical oxidation, membrane technologies, along with methods of solids concentration and disposal are of special relevance in dealing with these problems. This volume contains selected lectures presented at the NATO ADVANCED TRAINING COURSE held in Oviedo (November 15-21, 2009) and sponsored by the NATO Science for Peace and Security (SPS) Programme. They cover a variety of topics from wastewater treatment methods to cleaner production strategies, as a careful management of water resources is the basis for sustainable development and to avoid potential security threats. The reader will benefit from a general view of some of the operations involved in wastewater treatment and solid concentration and disposal methods. A proper water reuse and recycling, together with efficient solid disposal, would contribute to a better use of the resources and a sustainable economic growth, particularly in many arid lands of the world.

Water Purification, a volume in the Nanotechnology in the Food Industry series, provides an in-depth review of the current technologies and emerging application of nanotechnology in drinking water purification, also presenting an overview of the common drinking water contaminants, such as heavy metals, organics, microorganisms, pharmaceuticals, and their occurrences in drinking water sources. As the global water crisis has motivated the industry to look for alternative water supplies, nanotechnology presents significant potential for utilizing previously unacceptable water sources. This books explores the practical methodologies for transforming water using nanotechnologies, and is a comprehensive reference to a wide audience of food science research professionals, professors, and students who are doing research in this field. Includes the most up-to-date information on nanotechnology applications and research methods for water purification and treatment Presents applications of nanotechnology and engineered nanomaterials in drinking water purification to improve efficiency and reduce cost Provides water purification research methods that are important to water quality, including precipitation, adsorption, membrane separation, and ion exchange Covers the potential risks of nanotechnology, such as the toxicological effects of engineered nanomaterials in water and how to minimize risks based on research studies

Industrial Water Treatment Process Technology begins with a brief overview of the challenges in water resource management, covering issues of plenty and scarcity-spatial variation, as well as water quality standards. In this book, the author includes a clear and rigorous exposition of the various water resource management approaches such as: separation and purification (end of discharge pipe), zero discharge approach (green process development), flow management approach, and preservation and control approach. This coverage is followed by deeper discussion of individual technologies and their applications. Covers water treatment approaches including: separation and purification—end of discharge pipe; zero discharge approach; flow management approach; and preservation and control approach Discusses water treatment process selection, trouble shooting, design, operation, and physico-chemical and treatment Discusses industry-specific water treatment processes

Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification, Four Volume Set provides a rich source of methods for analyzing water to assure its safety from natural and deliberate contaminants, including those that are added because of carelessness of human endeavors. Human development has great impact on water quality, and new contaminants are emerging every day. The issues of sampling for water analysis, regulatory considerations, and forensics in water quality and purity investigations are covered in detail. Microbial as well as chemical contaminations from inorganic compounds, radionuclides, volatile and semivolatile compounds, disinfectants, herbicides, and pharmaceuticals, including endocrine disruptors, are treated extensively. Researchers must be aware of all sources of contamination and know how to prescribe techniques for removing them from our water supply. Unlike other works published to date that concentrate on issues of water supply, water resource management, hydrology, and water use by industry, this work is more tightly focused on the monitoring and improvement of the quality of existing water supplies and the recovery of wastewater via new and standard separation techniques Using analytical chemistry methods, offers remediation advice on pollutants and contaminants in addition to providing the critical identification perspective The players in the global boom of water purification are numerous and varied. Having worked extensively in academia and industry, the Editor-in-Chief has been careful about constructing a work for a shared audience and cause

In today’s chemically dependent society, environmental studies demonstrate that drinking water in developed countries contains numerous industrial chemicals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and chemicals from water treatment processes. This poses a real threat. As a result of the ever-expanding list of chemical and biochemical products industry, current drinking water standards that serve to preserve our drinking water quality are grossly out of date. Environmental Science of Drinking Water demonstrates why we need to make a fundamental change in our approach toward protecting our drinking water. Factual and circumstantial evidence showing the failure of current drinking water standards to adequately protect human health is presented along with analysis of the extent of pollution in our water resources and drinking water. The authors also present detail of the currently available state-of-the-art technologies which, if fully employed, can move us toward a healthier future. * Addresses the international problems of outdated standards and the overwhelming onslaught of new contaminants. * Includes new monitoring data on non-regulated chemicals in water sources and drinking water.* Includes a summary of different bottled waters as well as consumer water purification technologies.

This book describes the latest progress in the application of nanotechnology for water treatment and purification. Leaders in the field present both the fundamental science and a comprehensive overview of the diverse range of tools and technologies that have been developed in this critical area. Expert chapters present the unique physicochemical and surface properties of nanoparticles and the advantages that these provide for engineering applications that ensure a supply of safe drinking water for our growing population. Application areas include generating fresh water from seawater, preventing contamination of the environment and creating effective and efficient methods for remediation of polluted waters. The chapter authors are leading world-wide experts in the field with either academic or industrial experience, ensuring that this comprehensive volume presents the state-of-the-art in the integration of nanotechnology with water treatment and purification.

Sustainable Water Treatment: Engineering Solutions for a Variable Climate covers sustainable water and environmental engineering aspects relevant for the drainage and treatment of storm water and wastewater. The book explains the fundamental science and engineering principles for the student and professional market. Standard and novel design recommendations for sustainable technologies, such as constructed wetlands, sustainable drainage systems and sustainable flood retention basins are provided to account for the interests of professional engineers and environmental scientists. The book presents the latest research findings in wastewater treatment and runoff control that are ideal for academics and senior consultants. The book offers a challenging, diverse, holistic, multidisciplinary, experimental and modelling-orientated case study, covering topics such as natural wetlands, constructed treatment wetlands for pollution control, sustainable drainage systems managing diffuse pollution, specific applications, such as wetlands treating dye wastewater and ecological sanitation systems recycling treated waters for the irrigation of crops. Explains the fundamental science and engineering principles behind each topic Provides an easy-to-understand, descriptive overview of complex ‘black box’ drainage and treatment systems and general design issues involved Includes a comprehensive analysis of asset performance, modelling of treatment processes, and an assessment of sustainability and economics

This work provides those involved in water purification research and administration with a comprehensive resource of methods for analyzing water to assure its safety from contaminants, both natural and human caused. The book first provides an overview of major water-related issues in developing and developed countries, followed by a review of issues of sampling for water analysis, regulatory considerations and forensics in water quality and purity investigations. The subsequent chapters cover microbial as well chemical contaminations from inorganic compounds, radionuclides, volatile and semi-volatile compounds, disinfectants, herbicides, and pharmaceuticals, including endocrine disruptors, as well as potential terrorist-related contamination. The last chapter describes the Grainger prize-winning filter that can remove arsenic from water sources and sufficiently protect the health of a large number of people. Covers the scope of water contamination problems on a worldwide scale Provides a rich source of methods for analyzing water to assure its safety from natural and deliberate contaminants Describes the filter that won the $1 million Grainger prize and thereby highlighting an important approach to remediation

Adsorption Processes for Water Treatment discusses the application of adsorption in water purification. The book is comprised of 10 chapters that detail the carbon and resin adsorptive processes for potable water treatment. The text first covers the elements of surface chemistry and then proceeds to discussing adsorption models. Chapter 3 tackles the kinetics of adsorption, while Chapter 4 deals with batch systems and fixed fluid beds. Next, the book talks about the physical and chemical properties of carbon. The next two chapters discuss the adsorption of organic compounds and the removal of inorganic compounds, respectively. The eighth chapter presents operational, pilot plant, and case studies. Chapter 9 discusses the biological activated carbon treatment of drinking water, and Chapter 10 covers the adsorption of macroreticular resins. The book will be of great use to both researchers and professionals involved in the research and development of water treatment process.

The definitive water quality and treatment resource--fully revised and updated Comprehensive, current, and written by leading experts, Water Quality & Treatment: A Handbook on Drinking Water, Sixth Edition covers state-of-the-art technologies and methods for water treatment and quality control. Significant revisions and new material in this edition reflect the latest advances and critical topics in water supply and treatment. Presented by the American Water Works Association, this is the leading source of authoritative information on drinking water quality and treatment. NEW CHAPTERS ON: Chemical principles, source water composition, and watershed protection Natural treatment systems Water reuse for drinking water augmentation Ultraviolet light processes Formation and control of disinfection by-products DETAILED COVERAGE OF: Drinking water standards, regulations, goals, and health effects Hydraulic characteristics of water treatment reactors Gas-liquid processes and chemical oxidation Coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and flotation Granular media and membrane filtration Ion exchange and adsorption of inorganic contaminants Precipitation, coprecipitation, and precipitative softening Adsorption of organic compounds by activated carbon Chemical disinfection Internal corrosion and deposition control Microbiological quality control in distribution systems Water treatment plant residuals management