Water Masses And The Thermohaline Circulation At The Entrance To The Gulf Of California

Hydrographic data and drogue observations were used to describe the circulation and water masses in the upper 500 meters of the region of the entrance to the Gulf of California in the early spring of 1970. The thermohaline structure of the water and the general circulation in the vicinity of the entrance to the Gulf of California indicated that four water masses were present. California Current water on the western side of the entrance, Subtropical Surface water in the middle part and Gulf water on the eastern side. Underlying these three waters, Subtropical Subsurface water was found from about 150 to 500 meters. The geostrophic calculations indicate that a broad region of outflow from the Gulf existed on the eastern side associated with a marked upward displacement of isopycnals towards the east. Speeds were near 30 cm/sec at the surface and decreased to less than 3 cm/sec at 300 meters. Outflow also occurred on the western side, near the Baja California coast, at lower speeds. Inflow to the Gulf was observed near the middle part of the entrance at speeds of 30 to 40 cm/sec at the surface, decreasing to less than 6 cm/sec at 300 meters. The drogue observations were in agreement with the general circulation pattern inferred from geostrophic currents. Drogue and geostrophic velocities showed agreement better than 70% at 10 and 50 meters. The decrease of geostrophic velocity with depth indicates that a baroclinic condition existed. Comparison of these velocities with the drogue measurements indicates that the baroclinic circulation was predominant in the upper 100 meters. In the upper 150 meters the low salinity water from the Califor nia Current was flowing into the Gulf. The high salinity Gulf water was found in the regions of outflow as to be expected to avoid accumulation of salt inside the Gulf by strong evaporation.

This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1965.

This book presents a global hydrographic description of the thermohaline circulation, an introduction to the theoretical aspects of this phenomenon, and observational evidence for the theory. The hydrographic description and the observational evidence are based on data sources available via internet, mainly from the World Oceanographic Experiment (WOCE). The book also offers an introduction to hydrographic analysis and interpretation.

This is the third Volume of the six-Volume Open University set. Each Volume is required by students as a relevant part of the Open University course but designed so that it can equally be used as an individual textbook. The essential role played by atmospheric processes in the control of both surface and deep currents in the oceans is stressed throughout the Volume. Once the importance of the Mesoscale circulation became recognised during the 1970's, it was no longer possible to think of major ocean currents simply as "rivers in the sea"; and this book explains why. All the basic topics and concepts essential to a proper understanding of ocean circulation are covered, including Coriolis force, vorticity, geostrophic currents, continuity, the exchange of heat and water across the air-sea interface and so on. However they are introduced using simple language, with minimal emphasis on mathematics, and always with reference to actual current systems of the real ocean. Each Volume in this set is well laid out and copiously illustrated with full colour photographs, graphs and graphics. Questions to help develop arguments and/or understanding can be found in the text and at the end of each chapter, with worked answers provided at the back of each Volume. Each chapter also concludes with a summary to help consolidate understanding before the next chapter is begun.

A Tribute to the Scientific Work of Pedro Ripa

The study of estuaries and coasts has seen enormous growth in recent years, since changes in these areas have a large effect on the food chain, as well as on the physics and chemistry of the ocean. As the coasts and river banks around the world become more densely populated, the pressure on these ecosystems intensifies, putting a new focus on environmental, socio-economic and policy issues. Written by a team of international expert scientists, under the guidance of Chief Editors Eric Wolanski and Donald McClusky, the Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science, Ten Volume Set examines topics in depth, and aims to provide a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Most up-to-date reference for system-based coastal and estuarine science and management, from the inland watershed to the ocean shelf Chief editors have assembled a world-class team of volume editors and contributing authors Approach focuses on the physical, biological, chemistry, ecosystem, human, ecological and economics processes, to show how to best use multidisciplinary science to ensure earth's sustainability Provides a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Features up-to-date chapters covering a full range of topics

Cited in Sheehy, Chen, and Hurt . Volume 38 (thesis year 1993) reports a total of 13,787 thesis titles from 22 Canadian and 164 US universities. As in previous volumes, thesis titles are arranged by discipline and by university within each discipline. Any accredited university or college with a grad