Walking Access Across Private Land

In January 2003 the minister for rural affairs, Jim Sutton, set up the Land Access Ministerial Reference Group to study issues around access along and to New Zealand's rivers and coastal margins, to public land and across private rural land. This initiative triggered two years of controversy over walking access across private land, from January 2003 to December 2004. 'Walking Access across Private Land: Behind the Soundbites' scrutinised a typical contribution to that controversy, the Federated Farmers paper, 'Mythbusters'. 'Walking Access across Private Land: Behind the Soundbites' was published in December 2004. An adapted version of it later became Part 3 of Foot-tracks in New Zealand: Origins, Access Issues and Recent Developments (2011). Page size: A4 File format: PDF Number of pages: 94 About: Walking, Recreation, Access to land, Federated Farmers, Foot-tracks, New Zealand.

Foot-tracks in New Zealand examines the development of walking tracks over two centuries, from the early 19th century to about 2011. Publisher: Pete McDonald Page size: A4 ISBN: 0473190958, 9780473190958 File format: PDF Number of pages: 1000 About: Trails, Tracks, New Zealand, History, Recreation, Land access

Whether people have an independent right of access to walk on land they do not own is a question answered differently throughout the world, largely due to cultural, historical, and political variations amongst regions. In this decade, English citizens gained a legislated right to roam on privately owned land designated by the government for public access. The British government now designates land as access land by evaluating the nature of the land itself, not its ownership status. In Sweden, the right to roam on land owned by another has long been a deeply rooted cultural tradition, though not codified in law. Other countries have adopted variations of a right of access, while some, like the United States, continue largely to resist it, choosing instead to hold property owners' right to exclude above a public right of access. This paper looks at some of the historical and cultural reasons countries have adopted, cherished, or rejected a public right of access to privately owned land. In particular, it focuses on the degree to which each culture values environmental and individual responsibility. To do so, it considers the Scandinavian countries, with an emphasis on Sweden, where a public right of access is longstanding and cherished, and there is a corresponding deep respect for the environment and individual responsibility. It then considers England, which has moved decisively toward granting broader rights of access to certain types of land through legislation, grounding that expansion on the satisfaction of certain rules pertaining to environmental and individual responsibility. It also looks briefly at several countries in Europe, where environmental and individual responsibility, as well as other cultural factors, have supported expanded rights of access. Finally, it raises the question why the United States does not have, and will not likely achieve, a similar legislated or cultural right of access to private land for walking.

In January 2003, the Minister for Rural Affairs, Jim Sutton, set up the Land Access Ministerial Reference Group to examine access to land. In August 2003 the Government published the Group's report, Walking Access in the New Zealand Outdoors. Accompanying each copy of the Report was a letter from Jim Sutton inviting public comment. The letter included a list of questions under the heading, 'Feedback'. 'High-quality Access' responded to those feedback questions. Page size: A4 File format: PDF Number of pages: 57 About: Recreation, Walking, Cycling, Tracks, Trails, Land access, New Zealand, Maps.

Buskin Track (80114) and Others looked at the incomplete recording of accessways, walking tracks and tramping routes on the topographic maps of the Dunedin area in April 2005. Page size: A4 File format: PDF Number of pages: 53 About: Topographic maps, Cadastral maps, Tracks, Trails, Land access, Otago Peninsula, New Zealand.

This comprehensive handbook, prepared by leading ocean policy academics and practitioners from around the world, presents in-depth analyses of the experiences of fifteen developed and developing nations and four key regions of the world that have taken concrete steps toward cross-cutting and integrated national and regional ocean policy. All chapters follow a common framework for policy analysis. While most coastal nations of the world already have a variety of sectoral policies in place to manage different uses of the ocean (such as shipping, fishing, oil and gas development), in the last two decades, the coastal nations covered in the book have undertaken concerted efforts to articulate and implement an integrated, ecosystem-based vision for the governance of ocean areas under their jurisdiction. This includes goals and procedures to harmonize existing uses and laws, to foster sustainable development of ocean areas, to protect biodiversity and vulnerable resources and ecosystems, and to coordinate the actions of the many government agencies that are typically involved in oceans affairs. The book highlights the serious conflicts of use in most national ocean zones and the varying attempts by nations to follow the prescriptions emanating from the 1982 UN Law of the Sea Convention and the outcomes of the 1992, 2002, and 2012 sustainable development summits. The interrelationship among uses and processes in the coast and ocean requires that ocean governance be integrated, precautionary, and anticipatory. Overall, the book provides a definitive state-of-the-art review and analysis of national and regional ocean policies around the world.

Second homes have become an increasingly important component of both tourism and housing studies. They can directly and indirectly contribute a significant number of domestic and international visitors to destinations and may be part of longer-term retirement, lifestyle and amenity migration that can have significant economic and social effects on communities and destination development. This volume offers an overview of different disciplinary and methodological approaches to second homes while simultaneously providing a broad geographical reach. Divided into four parts exploring governance, development, community and mobile second homes, the book provides a contemporary account of the major issues in an area of growing international interest. This timely handbook covers a wide range of dimensions – from planning to the role of second homes in development and the management of their impact. The international and cross-disciplinary nature of the contributions will be of interest to numerous academic fields in the social sciences, as well as urban and regional planners.

This guide is intended to provide information on how to identify safety and mobility needs for pedestrians with the roadway right-of-way. Useful for engineers, planners, safety professionals and decision-makers, the guide covers such topics as: the Walking Environment including sidewalks, curb ramps, crosswalks, roadway lighting and pedestrian over and under passes; Roadway Design including bicycle lanes, roadway narrowing, reducing the number of lanes, one-way/two-way streets, right-turn slip lanes and raised medians; Intersections with roundabouts, T-intersections and median barriers; and Traffic calming designs.