Value Added Tax In North East India

Papers presented at a seminar held at Itanagar during 15-16 February 2008.

About the Book : Value Added Tax (VAT) has emerged as one of the most important fiscal innovations of the present century. As many as 90 countries have switched over to VAT during the last decade and a half bringing the total number of VAT countries to more than 141. India has adopted a system of dual VAT: CenVAT at the federal level and State-VAT at the State level. Haryana was the first State to replace its sales tax by VAT on April 1, 2003. Majority of States (18 States) introduced VAT on April 1, 2005. Since then all other states have switched over to VAT leaving only Uttar Pradesh out of it. In this context, this book presents evolution of VAT, analyses its rationale and brings out the reasons for its popularity as a fiscal measure. In the Indian context, it presents up-to-date developments in introduction of VAT by the Union and by all the States. The coverage includes an in-depth analysis of the rates, base, exemptions, taxation of services and harmonization of tax rates. Due emphasis is given to organization for tax administration, operations of VAT in India and other countries and to the MIS for tax administration. Special emphasis is laid on Tax Information Exchange System (TINXSYS) of India for having information on dealers entering into inter-State trade. The book presents an extremely informative account of the management of VAT in France (especially of the forfeit system for small dealers). GST in Canada, and federal and state VAT in Brazil. In the light of the experiences of all the VAT countries, the study aims at drawing attention towards the key issues in implementation of VAT. About the Author : Dr. Mahesh C Purohit is Director of the Foundation for Public Economics and Policy Research. Earlier, he has worked as Member- Secretary of the Empowered Committee of State Finance Ministers to Monitor Sales Tax Reforms (1999-2001), Secretary to the Committee of State Finance Ministers (1998), Secretary to the Committee of Chief Ministers on VAT and Incentives to Backward Areas (1999), and Member-Secretary to the Committee of Finance Secretaries on Backward Area Incentives (1999). Dr. Purohit has been a Professor at the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi; a Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Advanced Studies in Industrial Economics and Public Finance, University of Bombay and a Post- Doctoral Fellow at the Department of Economics, University of California, USA. He has been a visiting Professor at the Maison Des Sciences De L Homme, Paris: Institute of Fiscal and Monetary Policy, Tokyo and International Tax Programme, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, M.A. He has undertaken many International assignments that include Advisor in Tax Policy and Chief Technical Advisor, UNDP; member of a Fiscal Mission of IMF and rendered advice to the Royal Government of Bhutan in respect of reforms in their tax system.

Study of socio-economic conditions of Gallong women of West Siang, Upper Subansiri, and East Siang districts of Arunachal Pradesh, India.

Value Added Tax (VAT; also known as Goods and Services Tax, under the acronym GST in a number of OECD countries) has become a major source of revenue for governments around the world. Some 165 countries operated a VAT at the time of the completion of the International VAT/GST Guidelines in 2016, more than twice as many as 25 years before. As VAT continued to spread across the world, international trade in goods and services has also expanded rapidly in an increasingly globalised economy. One consequence of these developments has been the greater interaction between VAT systems, along with growing risks of double taxation and unintended non-taxation in the absence of international VAT co-ordination. The International VAT/GST Guidelines now present a set of internationally agreed standards and recommended approaches to address the issues that arise from the uncoordinated application of national VAT systems in the context of international trade. They focus in particular on trade in services and intangibles, which poses increasingly important challenges for the design and operation of VAT systems worldwide. They notably include the recommended principles and mechanisms to address the challenges for the collection of VAT on cross-border sales of digital products that had been identified in the context of the OECD/G20 Project on Base and Erosion and Profit Shifting (the BEPS Project). These Guidelines were adopted as a Recommendation by the Council of the OECD in September 2016.

Explains the political factors behind the failure of many developing country democracies to benefit from globalization.

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