Utopia and Terror in the Twentieth Century
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Release | : 2003 |
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ISBN | : 9781565856875 |
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Release | : 2003 |
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ISBN | : 9781565856875 |
Author | : Vejas G. Liulevicius |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 169 |
Release | : 2003 |
Genre | : History, Modern |
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"From the trenches of World War I to Nazi Germany to Saddam Hussein's Iraq, the 20th century was a time of unprecedented violence. According to best estimates, in that 100-year span more than 200 million people were killed in world wars, government-sponsored persecutions, and genocides. Such monumental violence seems senseless. But it is not inexplicable. And if we can understand its origins, we may prevent even greater horrors in the century to come. This is the premise of Utopia and Terror in the 20th Century. Professor Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius traces the violent history of that era, beginning with its early roots in the American and, especially, the French revolutions. You will see how the 20th century's violence was the result of specific historical developments that eventually combined, with explosive results." -- Adapted from publisher's website.
Author | : J. M. Winter |
Publisher | : Yale University Press |
Total Pages | : 276 |
Release | : 2006-01-01 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9780300126020 |
In the wake of the monstrous projects of Hitler, Stalin, Mao, and others in the twentieth century, the idea of utopia has been discredited. Yet, historian Jay Winter suggests, alongside the ?major utopians” who murdered millions in their attempts to transform the world were disparate groups of people trying in their own separate ways to imagine a radically better world. This original book focuses on some of the twentieth-century's ?minor utopias” whose stories, overshadowed by the horrors of the Holocaust and the Gulag, suggest that the future need not be as catastrophic as the past. The book is organized around six key moments when utopian ideas and projects flourished in Europe: 1900 (the Paris World's Fair), 1919 (the Paris Peace Conference), 1937 (the Paris exhibition celebrating science and light), 1948 (the Universal Declaration of Human Rights), 1968 (moral indictments and student revolt), and 1992 (the emergence of visions of global citizenship). Winter considers the dreamers and the nature of their dreams as well as their connections to one another and to the history of utopian thought. By restoring minor utopias to their rightful place in the recent past, Winter fills an important gap in the history of social thought and action in the twentieth century.
Author | : Hermann Selchow |
Publisher | : Tredition Gmbh |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2023-08-31 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9783384012203 |
Dear readers, Welcome to my new book, "Between Utopia and Tyranny" which delves into one of the most captivating and unsettling phenomena in human history: communism. In the following pages, we will explore the depths of this ideology-an ideology that embodies both utopia and tyranny. "Between Utopia and Tyranny" is an extensive examination of the ideology of communism, its origins, its practical implementation, its recurring failures, and its global impact. From the early beginnings of the communist movement to the present-day consequences of communism, this book provides a detailed and thorough analysis. Communism has a long and complex history, beginning with the birth of the idea in the 19th century. We will take a closer look at the theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, who laid the foundations of communist thought. We will also examine the political movements that established communism as a revolutionary force. Undoubtedly, communism is one of the most influential political theories of the 20th century. It promised a world where equality and solidarity would prevail, where people would live free from exploitation and oppression. This utopian vision attracted numerous individuals and fascinated them with its enticing promise of a better society. However, while the idea of communism may seem alluring at first glance, we must not forget its dark side. The history of communism is marked by violence, oppression, and the loss of fundamental freedoms. The communist regimes of the 20th century claimed countless lives and led entire nations into ruin. This book takes on the challenging task of shedding light on both the captivating allure and the cruel reality of communism. It invites readers to consider the ideology from various perspectives and critically question it. We will not only explore the theoretical foundations of communism but also examine specific historical events in which communism was put into practice. A particular focus will be on the peop
Author | : Eric D. Weitz |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 381 |
Release | : 2015-04-27 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1400866227 |
Why did the twentieth century witness unprecedented organized genocide? Can we learn why genocide is perpetrated by comparing different cases of genocide? Is the Holocaust unique, or does it share causes and features with other cases of state-sponsored mass murder? Can genocide be prevented? Blending gripping narrative with trenchant analysis, Eric Weitz investigates four of the twentieth century's major eruptions of genocide: the Soviet Union under Stalin, Nazi Germany, Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge, and the former Yugoslavia. Drawing on historical sources as well as trial records, memoirs, novels, and poems, Weitz explains the prevalence of genocide in the twentieth century--and shows how and why it became so systematic and deadly. Weitz depicts the searing brutality of each genocide and traces its origins back to those most powerful categories of the modern world: race and nation. He demonstrates how, in each of the cases, a strong state pursuing utopia promoted a particular mix of extreme national and racial ideologies. In moments of intense crisis, these states targeted certain national and racial groups, believing that only the annihilation of these "enemies" would enable the dominant group to flourish. And in each instance, large segments of the population were enticed to join in the often ritualistic actions that destroyed their neighbors. This book offers some of the most absorbing accounts ever written of the population purges forever associated with the names Stalin, Hitler, Pol Pot, and Milosevic. A controversial and richly textured comparison of these four modern cases, it identifies the social and political forces that produce genocide.
Author | : Timothy Miller |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 1998 |
Genre | : Collective settlements |
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Author | : Mae T. Sperber |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 466 |
Release | : 1976 |
Genre | : Collective settlements |
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Author | : Vladimir Tismaneanu |
Publisher | : University of California Press |
Total Pages | : 334 |
Release | : 2014-03-14 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0520282205 |
The Devil in History is a provocative analysis of the relationship between communism and fascism. Reflecting the author’s personal experiences within communist totalitarianism, this is a book about political passions, radicalism, utopian ideals, and their catastrophic consequences in the twentieth century’s experiments in social engineering. Vladimir Tismaneanu brilliantly compares communism and fascism as competing, sometimes overlapping, and occasionally strikingly similar systems of political totalitarianism. He examines the inherent ideological appeal of these radical, revolutionary political movements, the visions of salvation and revolution they pursued, the value and types of charisma of leaders within these political movements, the place of violence within these systems, and their legacies in contemporary politics. The author discusses thinkers who have shaped contemporary understanding of totalitarian movements—people such as Hannah Arendt, Raymond Aron, Isaiah Berlin, Albert Camus, François Furet, Tony Judt, Ian Kershaw, Leszek Kolakowski, Richard Pipes, and Robert C. Tucker. As much a theoretical analysis of the practical philosophies of Marxism-Leninism and Fascism as it is a political biography of particular figures, this book deals with the incarnation of diabolically nihilistic principles of human subjugation and conditioning in the name of presumably pure and purifying goals. Ultimately, the author claims that no ideological commitment, no matter how absorbing, should ever prevail over the sanctity of human life. He comes to the conclusion that no party, movement, or leader holds the right to dictate to the followers to renounce their critical faculties and to embrace a pseudo-miraculous, a mystically self-centered, delusional vision of mandatory happiness.
Author | : John Gray |
Publisher | : Farrar, Straus and Giroux |
Total Pages | : 256 |
Release | : 2008-09-30 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9781429922982 |
For the decade that followed the end of the cold war, the world was lulled into a sense that a consumerist, globalized, peaceful future beckoned. The beginning of the twenty-first century has rudely disposed of such ideas—most obviously through 9/11and its aftermath. But just as damaging has been the rise in the West of a belief that a single model of political behavior will become a worldwide norm and that, if necessary, it will be enforced at gunpoint. In Black Mass, celebrated philosopher and critic John Gray explains how utopian ideals have taken on a dangerous significance in the hands of right-wing conservatives and religious zealots. He charts the history of utopianism, from the Reformation through the French Revolution and into the present. And most urgently, he describes how utopian politics have moved from the extremes of the political spectrum into mainstream politics, dominating the administrations of both George W. Bush and Tony Blair, and indeed coming to define the political center. Far from having shaken off discredited ideology, Gray suggests, we are more than ever in its clutches. Black Mass is a truly frightening and challenging work by one of Britain's leading political thinkers.
Author | : Rutger Bregman |
Publisher | : Little, Brown |
Total Pages | : 218 |
Release | : 2017-03-14 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0316471909 |
Universal basic income. A 15-hour workweek. Open borders. Does it sound too good to be true? One of Europe's leading young thinkers shows how we can build an ideal world today. "A more politically radical Malcolm Gladwell." -- New York Times After working all day at jobs we often dislike, we buy things we don't need. Rutger Bregman, a Dutch historian, reminds us it needn't be this way -- and in some places it isn't. Rutger Bregman's TED Talk about universal basic income seemed impossibly radical when he delivered it in 2014. A quarter of a million views later, the subject of that video is being seriously considered by leading economists and government leaders the world over. It's just one of the many utopian ideas that Bregman proves is possible today. Utopia for Realists is one of those rare books that takes you by surprise and challenges what you think can happen. From a Canadian city that once completely eradicated poverty, to Richard Nixon's near implementation of a basic income for millions of Americans, Bregman takes us on a journey through history, and beyond the traditional left-right divides, as he champions ideas whose time have come. Every progressive milestone of civilization -- from the end of slavery to the beginning of democracy -- was once considered a utopian fantasy. Bregman's book, both challenging and bracing, demonstrates that new utopian ideas, like the elimination of poverty and the creation of the fifteen-hour workweek, can become a reality in our lifetime. Being unrealistic and unreasonable can in fact make the impossible inevitable, and it is the only way to build the ideal world.