The Treatment Of Companies Under Cash Flow Taxes

Cash flow taxes eliminate many of the problems of the corporate income tax, but they have significant administrative, transitional, and international problems, especially for developing countries.

This paper uses a multi-region, forward-looking, DSGE model to estimate the macroeconomic impact of a tax reform that replaces a corporate income tax (CIT) with a destination-based cash-flow tax (DBCFT). Two key channels are at play. The first channel is the shift from an income tax to a cash-flow tax. This channel induces the corporate sector to invest more, boosting long-run potential output, GDP and consumption, but crowding out consumption in the short run as households save to build up the capital stock. The second channel is the shift from a taxable base that comprises domestic and foreign revenues, to one where only domestic revenues enter. This leads to an appreciation of the currency to offset the competitiveness boost afforded by the tax and maintain domestic investment-saving equilibrium. The paper demonstrates that spillover effects from the tax reform are positive in the long run as other countries’ exports benefit from additional investment in the country undertaking the reform and other countries’ domestic demand benefits from improved terms of trade. The paper also shows that there are substantial benefits when all countries undertake the reform. Finally, the paper demonstrates that in the presence of financial frictions, corporate debt declines under the tax reform as firms are no longer able to deduct interest expenses from their profits. In this case, the tax shifting results in an increase in the corporate risk premia, a near-term decline in output, and a smaller long-run increase in GDP.

This open access book discusses firm valuation, which is of interest to economists, particularly those working in finance. Firm valuation comes down to the calculation of the discounted cash flow, often only referred to by its abbreviation, DCF. There are, however, different coexistent versions, which seem to compete against each other, such as entity approaches and equity approaches. Acronyms are often used, such as APV (adjusted present value) or WACC (weighted average cost of capital), two concepts classified as entity approaches. This book explains why there are several procedures and whether they lead to the same result. It also examines the economic differences between the methods and indicates the various purposes they serve. Further it describes the limits of the procedures and the situations they are best applied to. The problems this book addresses are relevant to theoreticians and practitioners alike.

Cash flow and equity income are two alternative bases for company taxation. Before a country implements a cash -flow tax, it must first sort out problems arising from administrative complexities -- particularly tax evasion -- from international tax coordination and competition, and from the problems of transition.

The text and images in this book are in grayscale. A hardback color version is available. Search for ISBN 9781680922929. Principles of Accounting is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of a two-semester accounting course that covers the fundamentals of financial and managerial accounting. This book is specifically designed to appeal to both accounting and non-accounting majors, exposing students to the core concepts of accounting in familiar ways to build a strong foundation that can be applied across business fields. Each chapter opens with a relatable real-life scenario for today's college student. Thoughtfully designed examples are presented throughout each chapter, allowing students to build on emerging accounting knowledge. Concepts are further reinforced through applicable connections to more detailed business processes. Students are immersed in the "why" as well as the "how" aspects of accounting in order to reinforce concepts and promote comprehension over rote memorization.

"Finally, a book that provides invaluable hands-on financial and accounting concepts for use by the thousands of frontline business owners and managers battling for survival each and every day. While 'Wall Street' gets the headlines, 'Main Street' gets the job done." -Robert Svet, CEO, President, & Founder, The Eastridge Group of Staffing Companies "In today's competitive business environment, decisions must be made in a quick, reliable, and confident manner. This book provides CEOs, business owners, and managers clear, concise, and easy-to-understand business financial management concepts to make these types of value-added business decisions." -John Atencio, President & Founder, John Atencio Jewelry How to Manage Profit and Cash Flow provides streetwise advice and practical strategies for business managers and other professionals who need to make critical business decisions. From methods for analyzing past and future profit and cash flow information to differences between massaging the numbers and cooking the books, short, to-the-point chapters that are visually appealing will help you see through opaque accounting terminology and allow you to gain a firm grip on how to manage profit and cash flow in your business. Through three comprehensive sections: "Birthing a Business," "Building a Business," and "Selling or Burying a Business," as well as an Accounting and Financial Glossary, How to Manage Profit and Cash Flow discusses key issues, including: * Investing in assets * Preventing fraud * Handling taxes * Raising capital * Finding cash for growth * Terminating a business

Americans have been inundated with financial scandals at large corporations during the past two years. In many cases, unethical behavior and poor oversight of corporate management are to blame. But a deeper look reveals that the flawed structure of the corporate income tax has been a key driver of corporate waste and inefficiency. The tax code distorts financial and investment decisions and spurs executives to hunt for tax shelters. Three fundamental flaws in the corporate income tax are behind the distortions and tax shelters. The first flaw is that the corporate income tax rate is very high. Currently, the U.S. statutory corporate rate is the second highest among the 30 major industrial countries. That high rate reduces investment, encourages firms to move profits abroad, and provides incentives to push the legal margins of the tax code. The second flaw is that the corporate tax base of net income or profits is inherently complex because it relies on concepts such as capital gains and capitalization of long-lived assets that are difficult to consistently account for in a tax system. Costs of capitalized assets are deducted through depreciation, amortization, and other rules. The tax rules for capitalized assets and capital gains are repeatedly exploited in corporate tax shelters. These rules also cause economic distortions as they interfere with capital investment, business reorganizations, and other decisions. Capital gains taxation and capitalization would be eliminated under a replacement “cash-flow” tax system. The third flaw is the gratuitous inconsistency of the tax code. Examples include the different tax treatment given to debt and equity and the different rules imposed on corporations and the half dozen other types of businesses. Such inconsistencies played a key role in the tax shelters exploited by Enron and other firms. Worse, they have created large costs to the economy by distorting capital markets and channeling investment into less productive uses. A cash-flow tax would eliminate these distortions and put all businesses and investments on an equal footing. This study discusses the most serious corporate tax distortions and examines fundamental reforms to fix them. One option examined is a full repeal of the corporate tax. Another option is replacing the corporate income tax with a cash-flow tax. The study concludes that implementing a cash-flow business tax would build on President Bush's tax cuts, help prevent future Enron-style scandals, and permanently boost the economy.

Strategic Business Tax Planning, Second Edition is the definitive handbook on business tax planning, skipping the unnecessary and minute taxation details and focusing instead on the big picture in taxes. Organized around business processes, this reader-friendly guide shows you how to optimally put tax management principles to work in your business.

This book takes an entirely new look at how companies ought to be managed. It argues that managers need to focus on how corporate decisions affect the firm's cash. The author, who is well known in the fields of management and crisis management, suggests that companies that follow the paradigm presented in the book are more likely to survive tumultuous times, provide higher returns to their investors, and have a conducive work environment./a

Managerial decisions are considerably influenced by taxes: e.g. the choice of location, buying or leasing decisions, or the proper mix of debt and equity in the company's capital structure increasingly demand qualified employees in an economic environment that is becoming more and more complex. Due to the worldwide economic integration and constant changes in tax legislation, companies are faced with new challenges – and the need for information and advice is growing accordingly. This book's goal is to identify and quantify possible tax effects on companies' investment strategies and financing policies. It does not focus on details of tax law, but instead seeks to address students and practitioners focusing on corporate finance, accounting, investment banking and strategy consulting.