The Globalization Of Terrorism And The Future Of The World Order

Since the September 11 attacks, there has been a discernible transformation in the nature and extent of terrorism and the ways in which terrorist acts are being performed. This paper examines these changes as well as analyzing the domestic, regional and international counter-terrorism legislation and jurisdictions that have been enacted to deal with the threats.

This title was first published in 2001. Terrorism is today a global problem and, as was recently demonstrated in Kenya and Tanzania, no country is immune. Terrorism occurs everywhere (villages and cities), it targets innocent people and terrorists who are ideologically opposed to one country can vent their anger against citizens of another. Addressing this crucial issue, this book examines the future of global terrorism by employing the World System’s perspectives in the explanation of terrorism and investigating the etiological determinants of international terrorism. It aims to articulate a theoretical explanation of terrorism which will assist the development of practical policies that are effective in counter-terrorism operations. The main features of the book include World System’s Theory (WST), the relevance of WST, factors affecting the definition of terrorism, structural terrorism in the WST, application of Fanon, the political dimension of terrorism ideologies, the disadvantages of ideological labels, measuring WST position and the distribution of terrorism, terrorist incidents by WST position of occurrence and WST position of target, labelling terrorism in context, powerism and anti-powerism, racial terrorism and global apartheid and the criminalization of terrorism.

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Bringing together an outstanding group of thinkers, Worlds in Collision is the essential book for understanding the debate about the future of global order in the wake of international terrorism and the war in Afghanistan. For years to come, if not decades, the 'war on terrorism' will be the defining paradigm in the struggle for global order. When the victim of such horrific terror attacks happens to be the world's only superpower, the agenda is set for the future global order. This book, offering a comprehensive and provocative collection of viewpoints from leading intellectuals from a number of countries, will help readers understand the ways in which our worlds collided on September 11, 2001. Not only does it comprehensively address the first phase of the war against international terrorism, the book also looks at the wider regional and global ramifications. Worlds in Collision is ultimately about more than the war on terrorism, it concerns itself with the possibilities for re-shaping global order on the basis of new kinds of politics.

This new study is devoted to understanding how international terrorism is shaped, how it evolves and what we can expect in the future. Drawing upon research and methods outside the traditional focus, and by taking both a theoretical approach and a new practical predictive perspective, it delivers a fresh and fascinating contribution to terrorism studies. While predicting terrorism is a highly speculative business, there are ways of identifying certain long-term causes, driving forces and their links with society. Terrorists are usually integral players in local and sometimes global politics. Hence, when the local, regional and international contexts change, so does terrorism. Thoroughly reviewing the body of literature on the causes of terrorism, this study also combines predictive and futuristic analyses on globalisation, supported by a range of key case studies. It spans from the transformation of international relations, the globalisation of the market economy, demographic factors, ideological shifts and technological changes. The result is a set of key conclusions about the future patterns of terrorism, which are not simply best guesses, but also backed up by solid research. This book will be of great interest to all students and scholars of terrorism, globalisation, politics and international relations.

In this timely study, Michel Chossudovsky blows away the smoke-screen, put up by the mainstream media, that 9-11 was an "intelligence failure." Through meticulous research, the author uncovers a military-intelligence ploy behind the September 11 attacks, and the coverup and complicity of key members of the Bush Administration. According to Chossudovsky, the so-called "war on terrorism" is a complete fabrication based on the illusion that one man, Osama bin Laden, outwitted the $30 billion-a-year American intelligence apparatus.The "war on terrorism" is a war of conquest. Globalisation is the final march to the "New World Order, " dominated by Wall Street and the U.S. military-industrial complex.September 11,2001 was the moment the Bush Administration had been waiting for, the so-called "useful crisis" which provided a pretext for waging a war without borders.The hidden agenda consists in extending the frontiers of the American Empire right around the world to facilitate complete U.S. corporate control outside the U.S. and a police state on the inside. Chossudovsky peels back the layers of rhetoric to reveal a huge hoax - a complex web of deceit aimed at tricking the American people and the rest of the world into accepting a military solution which threatens the future of humanity.

General Introduction. Part I. Globalization and State Power: Competing Paradigms. Part Introduction. 1. Thomas L. Friedman, "The New System," The Lexus and the Olive Tree. 2. Samuel P. Huntington, "The New Era in World Politics", The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order. 3. Joseph P. Stiglitz, "Broken Promises," Globalization and Its Discontents. 4. John J. Mearsheimer, "Anarchy and the Struggle for Power," The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. 5. Saskia Sassen, "Global Cities and Survival Circuits," Barbara Ehrenreich and Arlie Russsell Hochschild, eds. Global Woman. Part II. From Autonomy to Multi-level Governance. Part Introduction. 6. Stephen D. Krasner, "Sovereignty and Its Discontents," Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy. 7. David Held, "Political Globalization, Global Covenant. 8. Paul Carmichael, "Briefing Paper: Multi-level Governance." Part III. State Power in the Era of Globalization: Case Studies. Part Introduction. Globalization and the Exercise of American Power. 9. G. John Ikenberry, "Liberal hegemony and the future of the American postwar order," from T.V. Paul and John A. Hall, eds. International Order and the Future of World Politics. 10. Robert Hunter Wade, America's Empire Rules an Unbalanced World. 11. Joseph P. Nye, "Redefining the National Interest," The Paradox of American Power. 12. Ivo H. Daalder and James M. Lindsay, America Unbound: The Bush Reveoplution in Foreign Policy. Globalization and European Integration. 13. George Ross, "European Integration and Globalization". 14. David P. Calleo, "Europe in the New World Order". 15. Kalypso Nicolaïdis, "We, the Peoples of Europe ...," Foreign Affairs. East Asia: the Paradox of State Power. 16. T.J. Pempel, "Introduction," T.J. Pempel, ed. The Politics of the Asian Economic Crisis. 17. Linda Weiss, "State Power and the Asian Crisis," New Political Economy. 18. Claude Smadja, "The End of Complacency," Foreign Policy. Part IV. Post-9/11: Terror, War and Empire. Part Introduction. Globalization, Terror and the Use of Force. 19. Audrey Kurth Cronin, "Behind the Curve: Globalization and International Terrorism," International Security. 20. The National Security Strategy of the United States of America. 21. John Lewis Gaddis, "A Grand Strategy of Transformation," Foreign Policy. 22. Chris Brown, "Self-Defense in an Imperfect World, "Ethics & International Affairs. 23. International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, "The Responsibility to Protect: The Way Forward," The Responsibility To Protect: Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. Globalization, Empire, and America's Geopolitical Strategy. 24. Niall Ferguson, "The Empire Slinks Back," The New York Times Magazine. 25. Michael Ignatieff, "Why Are We In Iraq? (And Liberia? And Afghanistan?), New York Times Magazine. 26. Zbigniew Brzezinski, "Domination or Leadership," The Choice: Global Domination or Global Leadership.

Courageously stepping into charged terrain, this book casts a clear light on globalization and terrorism for what they are, not what some may wish them to be. Jamal R. Nassar carefully defines these twin concepts, placing them in historical as well as political context. Woven throughout the book is his central theme of the migration of dreams and nightmares. As some are able to take advantage of the opportunities of globalization, leaving others behind, they leave behind a legacy of unrealistic dreams. These unfulfilled hopes of the poor and oppressed often transform themselves into nightmares for the wealthy and powerful. This vicious cycle, the author argues, is often enhanced by globalization and effected by terrorism. Focusing on the key case studies of Palestine and Northern Ireland, Nassar applies their lessons to other examples of conflict including Iraq, Afghanistan, the Congo, Chechnya, and Colombia in order to internationalize our understanding of how globalization and terrorism operate in a range of situations. He also devotes a chapter to Islamist terrorism in a tour de force of incisiveness and balance. This book considers globalization and terrorism not only from the perspective of the major powers, but also introduces the views of those dominated by forces beyond their control. Yet even as the author offers a profound critique of Western hegemony, he conveys respect and hope for an enlightened global interdependence—embracing the power of the dream over the nightmare.

First Published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

"A valuable primer on foreign policy: a primer that concerned citizens of all political persuasions—not to mention the president and his advisers—could benefit from reading." —The New York Times An examination of a world increasingly defined by disorder and a United States unable to shape the world in its image, from the president of the Council on Foreign Relations Things fall apart; the center cannot hold. The rules, policies, and institutions that have guided the world since World War II have largely run their course. Respect for sovereignty alone cannot uphold order in an age defined by global challenges from terrorism and the spread of nuclear weapons to climate change and cyberspace. Meanwhile, great power rivalry is returning. Weak states pose problems just as confounding as strong ones. The United States remains the world’s strongest country, but American foreign policy has at times made matters worse, both by what the U.S. has done and by what it has failed to do. The Middle East is in chaos, Asia is threatened by China’s rise and a reckless North Korea, and Europe, for decades the world’s most stable region, is now anything but. As Richard Haass explains, the election of Donald Trump and the unexpected vote for “Brexit” signals that many in modern democracies reject important aspects of globalization, including borders open to trade and immigrants. In A World in Disarray, Haass argues for an updated global operating system—call it world order 2.0—that reflects the reality that power is widely distributed and that borders count for less. One critical element of this adjustment will be adopting a new approach to sovereignty, one that embraces its obligations and responsibilities as well as its rights and protections. Haass also details how the U.S. should act towards China and Russia, as well as in Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. He suggests, too, what the country should do to address its dysfunctional politics, mounting debt, and the lack of agreement on the nature of its relationship with the world. A World in Disarray is a wise examination, one rich in history, of the current world, along with how we got here and what needs doing. Haass shows that the world cannot have stability or prosperity without the United States, but that the United States cannot be a force for global stability and prosperity without its politicians and citizens reaching a new understanding.