The Effect Of Merger And Acquisition Activity On Shareholder Returns In The Pharmaceutical Industry

Covid-19 has brought so much uncertainty, but one certainty is that the vaccine race will generate winners and losers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. This will have a major impact on merger and acquisition activity. While the plethora of merger and acquisition deals are abundantly reported by the news media, there is a clear lack of in-depth analysis on the multiple rationales and various challenges in the life sciences industry. By offering contributions from a variety of experts in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, as well as experts on mergers and acquisitions, this edited collection will draw upon the knowledge of a variety of different actors within the fields of pharma and biotech. This book offers a timely exploration of the complexities of mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries while seeking to bridge the gap between theory and practice. It presents a critical analysis of the rationale for acquisitions and studies the challenges of ensuring a successful deal. In the light of the Covid-19 pandemic, it will also explore the impact this may have on the industry, which may further stimulate merger and acquisition activity. It will be of interest to researchers, academics, policymakers, and students in the fields of strategy, management, governance, and the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.

Project Report from the year 2006 in the subject Communications - Public Relations, Advertising, Marketing, Social Media, grade: 65 % - B, University of Sunderland, course: Global Corporate Strategy, language: English, abstract: Mergers and acquisitions are of major importance in the pharmaceutical industry. In order to evaluate the dynamics of this particular industry, this paper critically evaluates the pre- and post- merger situation of GlaxoSmithKline concerning its ready-access to markets, know-how and management capability. Furthermore, strengths and weaknesses and merger’s outcomes will be outlined. Critical push and pull factors affecting M&A activity in North America will be analysed, using Pfizer and Pharmacia as an example. In addition, general reasons for M&A failure in the pharmaceutical industry will be illustrated focussing on the M&A activity of GlaxoSmithKline. Finally, using two global pharmaceutical players (GSK and Astrazeneca), the merits and demerits of the McKinsey’s five step programme will be discussed.

Globalization and liberalization have led firms from emerging markets like India to become more aggressive and opt for mergers and acquisitions (M&A) to fight the competitive battle. The present study attempts to evaluate the impact of mergers and acquisitions on the returns in the short run using detailed event study methodology. The notable finding of the research is that a market starts reacting prior to the announcement. The moment the announcement information becomes public, investors start reacting and the stock price jumps high, providing positive abnormal returns (ARs) to the investors. However, post-announcement, a strong correction in the market price of the acquiring company takes place and positive ARs do not sustain.The findings of the study have the following implications for the investors:1. 'Earlier he sells more he gains' and 'issuance of stock for M&A is not good news'. 2. An investor can also earn substantial returns if the shares of the acquiring company are purchased two days prior to the announcement day and sold two days after the announcement day. 3. The announcement of cross-border acquisitions provides much higher returns than that for domestic. In addition, the cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) in the case of cross-border acquisitions are permanent, while in the case of domestic acquisitions they are temporary.4. The announcement of complete acquisitions of the target firm as a wholly-owned subsidiary provides much higher returns than that for partial/majority control acquisitions. In addition, the CARs in the case of complete acquisitions are permanent, while in the case of partial/majority control acquisitions they are temporary. 5. The announcement of acquisitions financed with cash payment provides substantial returns. This research draws the attention of managers to consider cross-border as well as domestic acquisitions as an option to strengthen their competitiveness. They should think of cash as a mode of payment to finance mergers as issuance of shares is bad news. The management may acquire the target firm as a subsidiary and may absorb it with its own operations later on.

Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0, , language: English, abstract: This thesis deals in general with mergers & acquisitions in the CRO industry, and more specifically with reasons for M&A, success factors during the M&A process, and why M&A can fail in the Contract Research Organization industry. The pharmaceutical industry faces increasing obstacles in respect to the development and introduction of new medications. That has to do with stricter requirements for admission and sharper controls by authorities. Today, the research and development of a new drug can easily consume more than $800 million and lasting between 10 and 15 years. Due to these admission, money and time pressures, pharmaceutical companies are looking for an alternative in the drug development process. A very popular alternative is the outsourcing or in-house working with Contract Research Organizations (CRO). Contract Research Organizations are specialized in coordination and monitoring of drug development activities. Due to their focus they often offer a more sophisticated and faster process. Demographic changes, chronic diseases like cancer and diabetes, and completely new cluster of symptoms demand new therapeutically treatments. The size of the CRO market in 2012 was around $32 billion and had an estimated market growth of around 9 – 12% for 2013. Increased outsourcing and allocation of R&D money towards CRO reflects a driving force for prospective growth. To benefit from the good industry outlooks CROs adjust their service offerings and strengthen their competitive situation. More and more Contract Research Organizations consider mergers & acquisitions as a vital solution to achieve their objectives. Since couple of years we can observe an increased number of deals. Large corporations can close the gaps in the internal service pipeline and smaller firms can use mergers as a financial exit. However, many M&A activities are considered as ineffective and contra-productive for the shareholder value – either destroy or merely add. Depending on the study, the numbers of M&A failures vary from 50% to even 80%. Possible reasons may be not enough integration planning and unrealistic expectations on the cost and time. The reality shows that it is not that easy to cut costs by simple combining two departments after a merger or acquisition. Additionally, we can see that mergers and acquisitions basically not succeed during the actual process.[...]

Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: (4) good, Eötvös Loránd Tudományegytem (International PhD Program), course: Business Economics, language: English, abstract: Within the ongoing globalisation process, many national markets and industrial branches are in different phases of the transition from local to global economic structures (Bryan, L.; Fraser, J.; Oppenheim, J. Rall, W., 2000, pp. 71-95). As a result of this development organisations in the different industries are increasingly concentrating (Brühl, V., 2003, pp. 274-278). Among other industries, also the pharmaceutical industry is highly influenced by the above mentioned trend, reflected by the increasing number of mergers and acquisitions (M&A’s) in the pharmaceutical industry, which is illustrated in the following figure. Figure 1: The present assignment is going to evaluate the reasons and consequences of M&A’s within the pharmaceutical industry by using the sanofi-aventis merger as an example. First of all, the recent history of sanofi-aventis is briefly described. The third part will describe the reasons and consequences of mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical industry by describing the challenges the pharmaceutical branch is confronted with and the respective motives of and results from M&A activities. Finally, the major findings are summarised and conclusions will be derived. 2. History of sanofi-aventis Following the company homepage of sanofi-aventis (20071), the year 1999 has been very im-portant because of two reasons. First of all, Sanofi took over the Synthelabo Holding GmbH and changed its company name to Sanofi-Synthelabo. Furthermore, Hoechst merged with Rhône-Poulenc, a French chemical and pharmaceutical organisation in order to form the new company Aventis, with its legal seat in Strassbourgh (...)

For undergraduate/graduate-level courses on Mergers and Acquisitions, or as a supplement for Business or Corporate Finance, Economics, or Strategy. This book brings together conceptual and updated empirical material in a systematic way. It provides students with a basis for understanding mergers and acquisitions and corporate restructuring in the framework of strategic planning issues facing managers in all companies, small and large. The full text downloaded to your computer With eBooks you can: search for key concepts, words and phrases make highlights and notes as you study share your notes with friends eBooks are downloaded to your computer and accessible either offline through the Bookshelf (available as a free download), available online and also via the iPad and Android apps. Upon purchase, you'll gain instant access to this eBook. Time limit The eBooks products do not have an expiry date. You will continue to access your digital ebook products whilst you have your Bookshelf installed.

With acquisition activity running into the trillions of dollars, it continues to be a favorite for corporate growth strategy, but creating shareholder value remains the most elusive outcome of these corporate strategies—after decades of research and billions of dollars paid in advisory fees, why do these major decisions continue to destroy value? Building on his groundbreaking research first cited in Business Week, Mark L. Sirower explains how companies often pay too much—and predictably never realize the promises of increased performance and competitiveness—in their quest to acquire other companies. Armed with extensive evidence, Sirower destroys the popular notion that the acquisition premium represents potential value. He provides the first formal and functional definition for synergy -- the specific increases in performance beyond those already expected for companies to achieve independently. Sirower's refreshing nuts-and-bolts analysis of the fundamentals behind acquisition performance cuts sharply through the existing folklore surrounding failed acquisitions, such as lack of "strategic fit" or corporate culture problems, and gives managers the tools to avoid predictable losses in acquisition decisions. Using several detailed examples of recent major acquisitions and through his masterful integration and extension of techniques from finance and business strategy, Sirower reveals: -The unique business gamble that acquisitions represent -The managerial challenges already embedded in current stock prices -The competitive conditions that must be met and the organizational cornerstones that must be in place for any possibility of synergy -The precise Required Performance Improvements (RPIs) implicitly embedded in acquisition premiums and the reasons why these RPIs normally dwarf realistic performance gains -The seductiveness and danger of sophisticated valuation models so often used by advisers The Synergy Trap is the first exposé of its kind to prove that the tendency of managers to succumb to the "up the ante" philosophy in acquisitions often leads to disastrous ends for their shareholders. Sirower shows that companies must meticulously plan—and account for huge uncertainties—before deciding to enter the acquisition game. To date, Sirower's work is the most comprehensive and rigorous, yet practical, analysis of the drivers of acquisition performance. This definitive book will become required reading for managers, corporate directors, consultants, investors, bankers, and academics involved in the mergers and acquisitions arena.

This Book Deduces The Merger Motivations Which Help In Framing Merger Strategies And Their Subsequent Effect On Financial Performance Of Companies, Especially In Terms Of Shareholders Value Addition.