Support To The Evaluation Of The Implementation Of The Directive 2007 2 Ec On Infrastructure For Spatial Information In The European Community Inspire

The INSPIRE Directive was adopted in 2007 to establish the Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Union for the purposes of the EU environmental policies and policies and activities that may have an impact on the environment. INSPIRE aims to improve the availability, quality, organisation, accessibility and sharing of spatial information amongst various levels of public administration, across different sectors and across borders to assist in policy-making with a direct or indirect impact on the environment. The INSPIRE Directive reacts to the growing need for sharing and exchanging interoperable spatial data across Europe for policy-making by removing obstacles to the sharing of spatial data across public authorities. The purpose of this evaluation is to assess the effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, coherence and EU added value of the Directive and its implementation in line with the Better Regulation Guidelines. The evaluation covers the period between 2014 and 2020. Geographically, it covers all 27 EU Member States and four EEA/EFTA countries.1 Asregards the thematic scope, this evaluation study supports the evaluation of the implementation of the INSPIRE Directive and covers all provisions of the Directive and its Implementing Rules. Moreover, the study contributes to the wider coherence assessments required for the 'GreenData4All' initiative as part of the European Data Strategy. The evaluation was conducted in the period from October 2020 to September 2021. Data was collected through an extensive desk research, interviews with key stakeholders, Focus Group interviews with selected Member State authorities, targeted surveys with spatial data, environmental, agricultural and marine communities, a public consultation and a validation workshop.

The overall objective of Directive 2007/2/EC (INSPIRE) is to establish a European spatial data infrastructure for the purposes of EU's environmental policies and policies or activities which have an impact on the environment (Article 1 of INSPIRE Directive 2007/2/EC). This will enable the better sharing of environmental spatial information among public sector organisations and better facilitate public access to spatial information across Europe which will benefit citizens, businesses and science alike. Article 21 of the INSPIRE Directives defines the basic principles for the monitoring and reporting. More detailed implementation rules regarding INSPIRE monitoring and reporting were adopted as a Commission Decision 2009/442/EC of 5 June 2009 as regards monitoring and reporting. In 2019, this reporting Decision was amended by the Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1372, which introduced a simplified indicator framework and automated calculation of indicators through the direct use of the INSPIRE Geoportal and the INSPIRE Reference Validator to process the metadata harvested from Member States discovery services. Due to the changes in the legislation in the recent years, the direct comparison across reporting years and tracking of progress is not possible. This country form therefore highlights the annual status of Austria in the various areas of the INSPIRE implementation since 2014. The country form includes information until March 2021 as a summary of information acquired through: Country summary reports - Austria 2016 Country fiche - Austria 2019, Austria 2020, Austria 2021 Monitoring data (INSPIRE Monitoring 2019, INSPIRE Monitoring 2020, INSPIRE official monitoring dashboards (ref. years 2010 2018)).

The GreenData4All initiative that was announced in the European Data Strategy in February 2020, involves the evaluation and the possible revision of the INSPIRE Directive and selected provisions of the public access to environmental information Directive. The objective is to bring the legal framework into the 21st century and up to speed with contemporary and advanced technology. GreenData4All will contribute to the development of the Green Deal data space and to populating the data space with the data necessary to reach the ambitious Green Deal objectives and support better implementation of the existing environmental acquis. The evaluation of the INSPIRE Directive is ongoing with the objective to publish the evaluation Staff Working Document end of 2021. An evaluation study has been carried out by a consortium of companies, led by COWI and involving Technopolis and Milieu Consulting. This stakeholder workshop complements other consultation activities carried out for the evaluation study.

This book gathers various perspectives on modern map production. Its primary focus is on the new paradigm of “sharing and reuse,” which is based on decentralized, service-oriented access to spatial data sources. Service-Oriented Mapping is one of the main paradigms used to embed big data and distributed sources in modern map production, without the need to own the sources. To be stable and reliable, this architecture requires specific frameworks, tools and procedures. In addition to the technological structures, organizational aspects and geographic information system (GIS) capabilities provide powerful tools to make modern geoinformation management successful. Addressing a range of aspects, including the implementation of the semantic web in geoinformatics, using big data for geospatial visualization, standardization initiatives, and the European spatial data infrastructure, the book offers a comprehensive introduction to decentralized map production. .

While governments throughout the world have different approaches to how they make their public sector information (PSI) available and the terms under which the information may be reused, there appears to be a broad recognition of the importance of digital networks and PSI to the economy and to society. However, despite the huge investments in PSI and the even larger estimated effects, surprisingly little is known about the costs and benefits of different information policies on the information society and the knowledge economy. By understanding the strengths and weaknesses of the current assessment methods and their underlying criteria, it should be possible to improve and apply such tools to help rationalize the policies and to clarify the role of the internet in disseminating PSI. This in turn can help promote the efficiency and effectiveness of PSI investments and management, and to improve their downstream economic and social results. The workshop that is summarized in this volume was intended to review the state of the art in assessment methods and to improve the understanding of what is known and what needs to be known about the effects of PSI activities.

The implementation of the INSPIRE Directive across the European Union (EU) has reached the halfway stage with generally positive outcomes. This mid-term evaluation report looks at the implementation of the directive and its relevance, and discusses any fine-tuning necessary to fully meet its initial objective of creating an infrastructure to share spatial data and services in Europe supporting environmental policies and policies that have an impact on the environment. INSPIRE was founded on the basis of five issues that were identified as presenting obstacles to this objective: missing or incomplete spatial data, incomplete descriptions of spatial data, difficulty to combine different spatial data sets, inaccessibility of spatial data and various barriers to data sharing. The first important conclusion of the mid-term evaluation is that a satisfactory evolution of these issues has taken place until now. But overall, at the halfway stage of the directive, the five initial problems that led to the creation of INSPIRE still exist to varying degrees and the overall goal of INSPIRE is still valid.

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Within the last fifty years the performance requirements for technical objects and systems were supplemented with: customer expectations (quality), abilities to prevent the loss of the object properties in operation time (reliability and maintainability), protection against the effects of undesirable events (safety and security) and the ability to

Initiatives, such as INSPIRE and the US DHS Geospatial Data Model, are working to develop a rich set of standards that will create harmonized models and themes for the spatial information infrastructure. However, this is only the first step. Semantically meaningful models must still be developed in order to stimulate interoperability. Creatin

This book presents innovative and interdisciplinary applications of advanced technologies. It includes the scientific outcomes of the 9th DAYS OF BHAAAS (Bosnian-Herzegovinian American Academy of Arts and Sciences) held in Banja Vrućica, Teslić, Bosnia and Herzegovina on May 25–28, 2017. This unique book offers a comprehensive, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary overview of the latest developments in a broad section of technologies and methodologies, viewed through the prism of applications in computing, networking, information technology, robotics, complex systems, communications, energy, mechanical engineering, economics and medicine, to name just a few.