Structure Of Solutions Of Differential Equations

A collection of papers on current topics and future problems in the theory of differential equations which were reported at the Taniguchi symposium (Katata) and RIMS symposium (Kyoto); Painlevé transcendents, Borel resummation, linear differential equations of infinite order, solvability of microdifferential equations, Gevrey index, etc. are among them.

The maximum principle induces an order structure for partial differential equations, and has become an important tool in nonlinear analysis. This book is the first of two volumes to systematically introduce the applications of order structure in certain nonlinear partial differential equation problems.The maximum principle is revisited through the use of the Krein-Rutman theorem and the principal eigenvalues. Its various versions, such as the moving plane and sliding plane methods, are applied to a variety of important problems of current interest. The upper and lower solution method, especially its weak version, is presented in its most up-to-date form with enough generality to cater for wide applications. Recent progress on the boundary blow-up problems and their applications are discussed, as well as some new symmetry and Liouville type results over half and entire spaces. Some of the results included here are published for the first time.

Our understanding of the fundamental processes of the natural world is based to a large extent on partial differential equations (PDEs). The second edition of Partial Differential Equations provides an introduction to the basic properties of PDEs and the ideas and techniques that have proven useful in analyzing them. It provides the student a broad perspective on the subject, illustrates the incredibly rich variety of phenomena encompassed by it, and imparts a working knowledge of the most important techniques of analysis of the solutions of the equations. In this book mathematical jargon is minimized. Our focus is on the three most classical PDEs: the wave, heat and Laplace equations. Advanced concepts are introduced frequently but with the least possible technicalities. The book is flexibly designed for juniors, seniors or beginning graduate students in science, engineering or mathematics.

This monograph gives a systematic presentation of classical and recent results obtained in the last couple of years. It comprehensively describes the methods concerning the topological structure of fixed point sets and solution sets for differential equations and inclusions. Many of the basic techniques and results recently developed about this theory are presented, as well as the literature that is disseminated and scattered in several papers of pioneering researchers who developed the functional analytic framework of this field over the past few decades. Several examples of applications relating to initial and boundary value problems are discussed in detail. The book is intended to advanced graduate researchers and instructors active in research areas with interests in topological properties of fixed point mappings and applications; it also aims to provide students with the necessary understanding of the subject with no deep background material needed. This monograph fills the vacuum in the literature regarding the topological structure of fixed point sets and its applications.

This book provides an introduction to the theory and application of the solution to differential equations using symmetries, a technique of great value in mathematics and the physical sciences. It will apply to graduate students in physics, applied mathematics, and engineering.

This book provides a self-contained introduction to ordinary differential equations and dynamical systems suitable for beginning graduate students. The first part begins with some simple examples of explicitly solvable equations and a first glance at qualitative methods. Then the fundamental results concerning the initial value problem are proved: existence, uniqueness, extensibility, dependence on initial conditions. Furthermore, linear equations are considered, including the Floquet theorem, and some perturbation results. As somewhat independent topics, the Frobenius method for linear equations in the complex domain is established and Sturm-Liouville boundary value problems, including oscillation theory, are investigated. The second part introduces the concept of a dynamical system. The Poincare-Bendixson theorem is proved, and several examples of planar systems from classical mechanics, ecology, and electrical engineering are investigated. Moreover, attractors, Hamiltonian systems, the KAM theorem, and periodic solutions are discussed. Finally, stability is studied, including the stable manifold and the Hartman-Grobman theorem for both continuous and discrete systems. The third part introduces chaos, beginning with the basics for iterated interval maps and ending with the Smale-Birkhoff theorem and the Melnikov method for homoclinic orbits. The text contains almost three hundred exercises. Additionally, the use of mathematical software systems is incorporated throughout, showing how they can help in the study of differential equations.

This book is a translation of a 1976 book originally written in Japanese. The main attention is paid to intrinsic aspects of problems related to linear ordinary differential equations in complex domains. Examples of the problems discussed in the book include the Riemann problem on the Riemann sphere, a characterization of regular singularities, and a classification of meromorphic differential equations. Since the original book was published, many new ideas have developed, such as applications of D-modules, Gevrey asymptotics, cohomological methods, $k$-summability, and studies of differential equations containing parameters. Five appendices, added in the present edition, briefly cover these new ideas. In addition, more than 100 references have been added. This book introduces the reader to the essential facts concerning the structure of solutions of linear differential equations in the complex domain and illuminates the intrinsic meaning of older results by means of more modern ideas. A useful reference for research mathematicians, this book would also be suitable as a textbook in a graduate course or seminar.

The maximum principle induces an order structure for partial differential equations, and has become an important tool in nonlinear analysis. This book is the first of two volumes to systematically introduce the applications of order structure in certain nonlinear partial differential equation problems. The maximum principle is revisited through the use of the Krein-Rutman theorem and the principal eigenvalues. Its various versions, such as the moving plane and sliding plane methods, are applied to a variety of important problems of current interest. The upper and lower solution method, especially its weak version, is presented in its most up-to-date form with enough generality to cater for wide applications. Recent progress on the boundary blow-up problems and their applications are discussed, as well as some new symmetry and Liouville type results over half and entire spaces. Some of the results included here are published for the first time. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Krein-Rutman Theorem and the Principal Eigenvalue (128 KB). Contents: KreinOCoRutman Theorem and the Principal Eigenvalue; Maximum Principles Revisited; The Moving Plane Method; The Method of Upper and Lower Solutions; The Logistic Equation; Boundary Blow-Up Problems; Symmetry and Liouville Type Results Over Half and Entire Spaces. Readership: Researchers and postgraduate students in partial differential equations."

This book is meant to be a text which can be used for a first course in ordinary differential equations. The student is assumed to have a knowledge of calculus but not what is usually called advanced calculus. The aim is to give an elementary, thorough systematic introduction to the subject. All significant results are stated as theorems, and careful proofs are given. The exercises in the book serve two purposes: to develop the student's technique in solving equations, or to help sharpen the student's understanding of the mathematical structure of the subject. The exercises also introduce the student to a variety of topics not treated in the text: stability, equations with periodic coefficients, and boundary value problems.