Structure Dynamics And Properties Of Dispersed Colloidal Systems

The 38th General Meeting of the German Colloid Society was held at the University of Essen, Germany, from September 29th to October 2nd, 1997. The selection of papers presented in this volume covers a broad range of fundamental aspects as well as recent developments. - It focuses the following sections: - Technical applications; - Advanced experimental techniques; - Thin films and interfaces; - Suspensions and microcapsules; - Emulsions, microemulsions and foams; - Macromolecules; - Association colloids; - Colloidal systems in environmental science.

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Properties of Colloidal Systems, Aberystwyth, Wales, U.K., September 10-23, 1989

Integrating fundamental research with the technical applications of this rapidly evolving field, Structure and Functional Properties of Colloidal Systems clearly presents the connections between structure and functional aspects in colloid and interface science. It explores the physical fundamentals of colloid science, new developments of synthesis

Written by the founder of the field, this practice-oriented guide summarizes the author's breakthrough research results and their applications in chemical technology. The book adopts an entirely novel approach, describing the physical chemistry of structure formation and materials synthesis under dynamic conditions. It begins by developing the general theory in the first two chapters with as little mathematics as necessary and substantiated by experimental results in each case. The following chapters deal with the fundamental aspects of rheology, vibrorheology, and superfluidity of structured dispersed systems within the framework of physicochemical dynamics, while the final chapter exemplifies the technological applications of the developed methodology using real-life problems of materials science and chemical engineering. The authoritative guide to physicochemical dynamics.

This book covers the physical side of colloidal science from the individual forces acting between particles smaller than a micrometer that are suspended in a liquid, through the resulting equilibrium and dynamic properties. A variety of internal forces both attractive and repulsive act in conjunction with Brownian motion and the balance between them all decides the phase behaviour. On top of this various external fields, such as gravity or electromagnetic fields, diffusion and non-Newtonian rheology produce complex effects, each of which is of important scientific and technological interest. The authors aim to impart a sound, quantitative understanding based on fundamental theory and experiments with well-characterised model systems. This broad grasp of the fundamentals lends insight and helps to develop the intuitive sense needed to isolate essential features of the technological problems and design critical experiments. The main prerequisites for understanding the book are basic fluid mechanics, statistical mechanics and electromagnetism, though self contained reviews of each subject are provided at appropriate points. Some facility with differential equations is also necessary. Exercises are included at the end of each chapter, making the work suitable as a textbook for graduate courses in chemical engineering or applied mathematics. It will also be useful as a reference for individuals in academia or industry undertaking research in colloid science.

Colloids are submicron particles that are ubiquitous in both natural and industrial products. Colloids and colloidal systems play a significant role in human health as well as commercial and industrial situations. Colloids have important applications in medicine, sewage disposal, water purification, mining, photography, electroplating, agriculture, and more.This book gathers recent research from experts in the field of colloids and discusses several aspects of colloid morphology, synthesis, and applications. The book is divided into three sections that cover different techniques for the synthesis of colloids, the structure, dynamic and stability of colloids, and applications of colloidal particles, respectively.

This book addresses the properties of particles in colloidal suspensions. It has a focus on particle aggregates and the dependency of their physical behaviour on morphological parameters. For this purpose, relevant theories and methodological tools are reviewed and applied to selected examples. The book is divided into four main chapters. The first of them introduces important measurement techniques for the determination of particle size and interfacial properties in colloidal suspensions. A further chapter is devoted to the physico-chemical properties of colloidal particles—highlighting the interfacial phenomena and the corresponding interactions between particles. The book’s central chapter examines the structure-property relations of colloidal aggregates. This comprises concepts to quantify size and structure of aggregates, models and numerical tools for calculating the (light) scattering and hydrodynamic properties of aggregates, and a discussion on van-der-Waals and double layer interactions between aggregates. It is illustrated how such knowledge may significantly enhance the characterisation of colloidal suspensions. The final part of the book refers to the information, ideas and concepts already presented in order to address technical aspects of the preparation of colloidal suspensions—in particular the performance of relevant dispersion techniques and the stability of colloidal suspensions.

During the last decade, various powerful experimental tools have been developed, such as small angle X-ray and neutron scattering, X-ray and neutron reflection from interfaces, neutron spin-echo spectroscopy and quasi-elastic multiple light scattering and large scale computer simulations. Due to the rapid progress brought about by these techniques, one witnesses a resurgence of interest in the physicochemical properties of colloids, surfactants and macromolecules in solution. Although these disciplines have a long history, they are at present rapidly transforming into a new, interdisciplinary research area generally known as complex liquids or soft condensed matter physics: names that reflect the considerable involvement of the chemical and condensed matter physicists. This book is based on lectures given at a NATO ASI held in the summer of 1991 and discusses these new developments, both in theory and experiment. It constitutes the most up-to-date and comprehensive summary of the entire field.

Physical-Chemical Mechanics of Disperse Systems and Materials is a novel interdisciplinary area in the science of the disperse state of matter. It covers the broad spectrum of objects and systems with dimensions ranging from nanometers to millimeters and establishes a fundamental basis for controlling and tuning the properties of these systems as w

Relationships between structure and dynamics in fluids have a wide variety of applications. Because theories for fluid structure are now well developed, such relationships can be used to "predict" dynamic properties. Also, recasting dynamic properties in terms of structure may provide new insights. In this thesis, we explore whether some of the relationships between structure and dynamics that have proven useful for understanding simple atomic liquids can also be applied to complex fluid systems. In particular, we focus on model fluid systems with particles that interact with attractive forces that are shortranged (relative to the particle diameter), and display properties that are anomalous when compared to those of simple liquids. Examples of fluids with short-range attractive (SRA) interactions include colloidal suspensions and solutions of micelles or proteins. We show via simulations that common assumptions regarding free volume and dynamics do not apply for SRA fluids, and propose a revision to the traditional free volume perspective of dynamics. We also develop a model which can predict the free volume behavior for hard-sphere and SRA fluids. Next, we demonstrate that the dynamic properties of SRA fluids can be related to structural order. In terms of structural order, the properties of SRA fluids can be related to those of another anomalous fluid, liquid water. In both fluids, anomalous dynamics are closely related to anomalous structure, which can be traced to changes in second and higher coordination shells. We also find that a similar relationship between structural order and dynamics approximately holds for fluids under shear. Motivated by previous work, we explore via simulation how tuning the particle-wall interactions to flatten or enhance the particle layering in a confined fluid impacts its self-diffusivity, viscosity, and entropy. We find that the excess entropy explains the observed trends. Finally, we present preliminary simulation data regarding the relationship between heterogeneous dynamics and structure. We show that the mobility of particles is related in a simple way to the structure of the particles surrounding them. In particular, our results suggest that a critical amount of local disorder allows a particle to be mobile on intermediate time scales.