Radiology In Global Health

The World Health Organization stated that approximately two-thirds of the world’s population lacks adequate access to medical imaging. The scarcity of imaging services in developing regions contributes to a widening disparity of health care and limits global public health programs that require imaging. Radiology is an important component of many global health programs, including those that address tuberculosis, AIDS-related disease, trauma, occupational and environmental exposures, breast cancer screening, and maternal-infant health care. There is a growing need for medical imaging in global health efforts and humanitarian outreach, particularly as an increasing number of academic, government, and non-governmental organizations expand delivery of health care to disadvantaged people worldwide. To systematically deploy clinical imaging services to low-resource settings requires contributions from a variety of disciplines such as clinical radiology, epidemiology, public health, finance, radiation physics, information technology, engineering, and others. This book will review critical concepts for those interested in managing, establishing, or participating in a medical imaging program for resource-limited environments and diverse cross-cultural contexts undergoing imaging technology adaptation.

Exploring the question as to why more than half the world continues to have little or no access to medical imaging and radiology, this important second edition, fully revised and expanded, offers not only answers but practical solutions, providing new tools, ideas, and strategies for bringing vital radiology to low-resource areas. Based on RAD-AID’s ten years of work (2008-2018) serving indigent communities around the world, the book’s interdisciplinary approach offers the synthesis of business management, government policy formulation, clinical methods, and engineering in order to integrate economic development, technology innovation, clinical model planning, educational strategies, and public health measures. The gold-standard title in the field, Radiology in Global Health, 2nd Edition is intended for a broad audience, including physicians (especially radiologists and radiology residents), radiology technologists, radiology nurses, sonographers, hardware/software engineers, policy-makers, business leaders, researchers, and public health specialists at all levels who use or implement health care services for underserved populations. In addition, as health care providers use radiology in the process of clinical decision-making, this title is also designed for clinical physicians, nurses, nurse-practitioners, physician assistants, and paramedical personnel. Administrators and public health personnel will also be interested, as the planning of radiology services for health care systems at both the facility level and at the population level requires a clear understanding of the technological challenges and management opportunities.

Addressing the basic concepts of radiological physics and radiation protection, together with a structured approach to image interpretation, Radiology at a Glance is the perfect guide for medical students, junior doctors and radiologists. Covering the radiology of plain films, fluoroscopy, CT, MRI, intervention, nuclear medicine, and mammography, this edition has been fully updated to reflect advances in the field and now contains new spreads on cardiac, breast and bowel imaging, as well as further information on interventional radiology. Radiology at a Glance: Assumes no prior knowledge of radiology Addresses both theory and clinical practice through theoretical and case-based chapters Provides structured help in assessing which radiological procedures are most appropriate for specific clinical problems Includes increased image clarity Supported by 'classic cases' chapters in each section, and presented in a clear and concise format, Radiology at a Glance is easily accessible whether on the ward or as a quick revision guide.

Radiology Fundamentals is a concise introduction to the dynamic field of radiology for medical students, non-radiology house staff, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, radiology assistants, and other allied health professionals. The goal of the book is to provide readers with general examples and brief discussions of basic radiographic principles and to serve as a curriculum guide, supplementing a radiology education and providing a solid foundation for further learning. Introductory chapters provide readers with the fundamental scientific concepts underlying the medical use of imaging modalities and technology, including ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine. The main scope of the book is to present concise chapters organized by anatomic region and radiology sub-specialty that highlight the radiologist’s role in diagnosing and treating common diseases, disorders, and conditions. Highly illustrated with images and diagrams, each chapter in Radiology Fundamentals begins with learning objectives to aid readers in recognizing important points and connecting the basic radiology concepts that run throughout the text. It is the editors’ hope that this valuable, up-to-date resource will foster and further stimulate self-directed radiology learning—the process at the heart of medical education.

The present volume in the series of WHO manuals in diagnostic imaging, the Radiographic Anatomy and Interpretation of the Chest provides an exhaustive description of radiographic normal anatomy as well as the most common pathologic changes seen in the chest, focusing specifically on pulmonary and cardiac problems. The text aims to provide an aid to the interpretation of the chest radiograph (CXR). It is not a comprehensive account of all possible chest diseases but a descriptive text to help identify the way in which chest pathology is manifest and diagnosed on CXR. The initial chapters deal with interpretive skills and pattern recognition and the later chapters demonstrate specific pathologies. Backed by high-quality reproduction of radiographs, this manual will prove essential reading to general practitioners, medical specialists, radiographers, and radiologists in any medical settings, although focusing specifically on needs in small and mid-size hospitals.

The first book-length treatment of the absolutely essential topic of U.S. health care reform for imaging specialists This latest volume in the Current Clinical Imaging series offers all professionals involved with imaging a cogent, concise discussion of major issues related to health care reform from the perspective of fellow imaging specialists. It provides radiologists with a solid footing in understanding where they are now and where they can expect to be in the evolution of health care reform over the next ten years. Presenting an excellent balance of clinical and health care policy issues, Health Care Reform in Radiology reinforces the central role of health promotion and preventive medicine in U.S. health care systems while offering an international perspective on the subject. Topical coverage includes evidence-based outcomes for health care delivery, the impact of the determination of imaging tests' effectiveness, patient safety, medicolegal reform, reimbursement issues, and universal healthcare benefits and challenges. Health Care Reform in Radiology presents a program to: Enhance patient safety and quality of care Anticipate new or revised standards for all imaging modalities Suggest the more appropriate use of imaging based on the latest clinical evidence Discuss the evolving regulations defining the training required to perform imaging procedures Encourage career-long learning (CME, maintenance of certification, etc.) Show fellow radiologists how to provide added value for patients and referring physicians Developed and written by two top experts in the field, this is an ideal book for all professionals involved with imaging as well as physician groups that depend on radiology.

Imaging plays an increasingly vital role in the management of athletes aiding diagnosis, injury grading and prognosis, as well as guiding therapy. These processes apply equally to elite and recreational athletes young and old. I have always found that understanding the relevance of imaging fndings is easier when accompanied by knowledge of the anatomy, biomechanics and pathological processes involved in injury formation. This textbook has been developed with both radiologists and sports cli- cians in mind and aims to bring all these processes together and illustrate the spectrum of injury and associated clinical features for specifc anatomical areas. Internationally recognized musculoskeletal experts have contributed chapters which provide an imaging and clinical overview of the most relevant joint, bone and soft tissue athletic injuries. There is guidance for the reader on why specifc injuries occur, how to identify the optimal imaging evaluation and how to interpret the subsequent imaging fndings. Acute and overuse injuries are discussed as well as the premature degenerative processes that occur in athletes. State-of-the-art imaging techniques and fndings are presented including the use of muscu- skeletal ultrasound, conventional MR imaging and MR arthrography. Therapeutic ima- guided intervention using fuoroscopy, CT, and ultrasound is also discussed. This balance of techniques should allow a clinician whose practice focuses on one particular modality to become aware not only of that technique’s abilities but other modalities and their capabilities and limitations. Leeds, UK Philip Robinson vii Contents 1 Knee Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Melanie A. Hopper and Andrew J.

Forlagets beskrivelse: The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes ultrasound as an important medical diagnostic imaging technology. Manuals on ultrasound have been published by WHO since 2001, with the purpose of guiding health professionals on the safe and effective use of ultrasound. Among the diagnostic imaging technologies, ultrasound is the safer and least expensive, and technological advances are making it more user friendly and portable. Ultrasound has many uses, both diagnostic and therapeutic. For the purposes of this manual, only diagnostic ultrasound will be considered and further analysed. Basic physics of ultrasonographic imaging was released in 2005; since then, WHO has addressed the physics, safe use and different applications of ultrasound as an important diagnostic imaging tool. Since it is a non ionizing radiation technology, along with nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, the risks inherent to its use are lower than those presented by other diagnostic imaging technologies using ionizing radiation, such as the radiological technologies (X-rays and computed tomography scanners).

Search Pattern is a collection of step-by-step guides to more than a hundred of the most common types of studies in radiology. Blind spots reported in the literature as well as practical wisdom from experts is synthesized into highly structured processes that can guide the development of better practice. Much of the contained insight has never been organized in one place before. Search Pattern covers almost every type of study that a radiologist will encounter in training or practice. This text is written with the assumption that the reader has familiarity with basic radiologic terminology, anatomy, and physics. In the interest of brevity, almost all information outside of the organized approaches is omitted. The reader is encouraged to look up terms, images, and background information from supplementary resources. Formalized teaching of search patterns is a missing part of the educational literature in our field. Hopefully this book helps fill that void. It is one that I would have benefited from greatly when I was a resident.

This workbook on Quality assurance is primarily written for radiographers and radiological technologists, but it may prove valuable for other health professionals. It focuses on the most essential steps of practical quality assurance needed in order to improve safety, quality, and efficacy of their work, and may be used either for self study and self assessment, or as part of organized training courses. The workbook includes teaching techniques and health and safety issues in X-ray departments. It also includes 6 teaching modules on reject film analysis, accessory equipment, X-ray equipment, manual film processing, automatic film processing, and radiographic exposures. It concludes with two appendix on making simple test tools, graphs, check sheets and record sheets, as well as a glossary and references.