Probabilities In Physics
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Author | : Yemima Ben-Menahem |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 325 |
Release | : 2012-01-25 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642213286 |
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What is the role and meaning of probability in physical theory, in particular in two of the most successful theories of our age, quantum physics and statistical mechanics? Laws once conceived as universal and deterministic, such as Newton‘s laws of motion, or the second law of thermodynamics, are replaced in these theories by inherently probabilistic laws. This collection of essays by some of the world‘s foremost experts presents an in-depth analysis of the meaning of probability in contemporary physics. Among the questions addressed are: How are probabilities defined? Are they objective or subjective? What is their explanatory value? What are the differences between quantum and classical probabilities? The result is an informative and thought-provoking book for the scientifically inquisitive.
Author | : Claus Beisbart |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2011-09-15 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0191618209 |
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Many results of modern physics—those of quantum mechanics, for instance—come in a probabilistic guise. But what do probabilistic statements in physics mean? Are probabilities matters of objective fact and part of the furniture of the world, as objectivists think? Or do they only express ignorance or belief, as Bayesians suggest? And how are probabilistic hypotheses justified and supported by empirical evidence? Finally, what does the probabilistic nature of physics imply for our understanding of the world? This volume is the first to provide a philosophical appraisal of probabilities in all of physics. Its main aim is to make sense of probabilistic statements as they occur in the various physical theories and models and to provide a plausible epistemology and metaphysics of probabilities. The essays collected here consider statistical physics, probabilistic modelling, and quantum mechanics, and critically assess the merits and disadvantages of objectivist and subjectivist views of probabilities in these fields. In particular, the Bayesian and Humean views of probabilities and the varieties of Boltzmann's typicality approach are examined. The contributions on quantum mechanics discuss the special character of quantum correlations, the justification of the famous Born Rule, and the role of probabilities in a quantum field theoretic framework. Finally, the connections between probabilities and foundational issues in physics are explored. The Reversibility Paradox, the notion of entropy, and the ontology of quantum mechanics are discussed. Other essays consider Humean supervenience and the question whether the physical world is deterministic.
Author | : Claus Beisbart |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 450 |
Release | : 2011-09-15 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0199577439 |
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This volume provides a philosophical appraisal of probabilities in all of physics. It makes sense of probabilistic statements as they occur in the various physical theories and models and presents a plausible epistemology and metaphysics of probabilities.
Author | : Simon Širca |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 415 |
Release | : 2016-05-20 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3319316117 |
Download Probability for Physicists Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This book is designed as a practical and intuitive introduction to probability, statistics and random quantities for physicists. The book aims at getting to the main points by a clear, hands-on exposition supported by well-illustrated and worked-out examples. A strong focus on applications in physics and other natural sciences is maintained throughout. In addition to basic concepts of random variables, distributions, expected values and statistics, the book discusses the notions of entropy, Markov processes, and fundamentals of random number generation and Monte-Carlo methods.
Author | : Y. M. Guttmann |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 283 |
Release | : 1999-07-13 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 0521621283 |
Download The Concept of Probability in Statistical Physics Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
A most systematic study of how to interpret probabilistic assertions in the context of statistical mechanics.
Author | : J. Bricmont |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 277 |
Release | : 2008-01-11 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3540449663 |
Download Chance in Physics Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This selection of reviews and papers is intended to stimulate renewed reflection on the fundamental and practical aspects of probability in physics. While putting emphasis on conceptual aspects in the foundations of statistical and quantum mechanics, the book deals with the philosophy of probability in its interrelation with mathematics and physics in general. Addressing graduate students and researchers in physics and mathematics togehter with philosophers of science, the contributions avoid cumbersome technicalities in order to make the book worthwhile reading for nonspecialists and specialists alike.
Author | : Edwin T. Jaynes |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 468 |
Release | : 1989-04-30 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 9780792302131 |
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The first six chapters of this volume present the author's 'predictive' or information theoretic' approach to statistical mechanics, in which the basic probability distributions over microstates are obtained as distributions of maximum entropy (Le. , as distributions that are most non-committal with regard to missing information among all those satisfying the macroscopically given constraints). There is then no need to make additional assumptions of ergodicity or metric transitivity; the theory proceeds entirely by inference from macroscopic measurements and the underlying dynamical assumptions. Moreover, the method of maximizing the entropy is completely general and applies, in particular, to irreversible processes as well as to reversible ones. The next three chapters provide a broader framework - at once Bayesian and objective - for maximum entropy inference. The basic principles of inference, including the usual axioms of probability, are seen to rest on nothing more than requirements of consistency, above all, the requirement that in two problems where we have the same information we must assign the same probabilities. Thus, statistical mechanics is viewed as a branch of a general theory of inference, and the latter as an extension of the ordinary logic of consistency. Those who are familiar with the literature of statistics and statistical mechanics will recognize in both of these steps a genuine 'scientific revolution' - a complete reversal of earlier conceptions - and one of no small significance.
Author | : |
Publisher | : Allied Publishers |
Total Pages | : 436 |
Release | : 2013 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9788177644517 |
Download Probability Theory Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Probability theory
Author | : Andy Lawrence |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2019 |
Genre | : Mathematical physics |
ISBN | : 9783030045432 |
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This textbook presents an introduction to the use of probability in physics, treating introductory ideas of both statistical physics and of statistical inference, as well the importance of probability in information theory, quantum mechanics, and stochastic processes, in a unified manner. The book also presents a harmonised view of frequentist and Bayesian approaches to inference, emphasising their complementary value. The aim is to steer a middle course between the "cookbook" style and an overly dry mathematical statistics style. The treatment is driven by real physics examples throughout, but developed with a level of mathematical clarity and rigour appropriate to mid-career physics undergraduates. Exercises and solutions are included.
Author | : David B Cook |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 343 |
Release | : 2002-12-26 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9814487279 |
Download Probability And Schrodinger's Mechanics Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This book addresses some of the problems of interpreting Schrödinger's mechanics — the most complete and explicit theory falling under the umbrella of “quantum theory”. The outlook is materialist (“realist”) and stresses the development of Schrödinger's mechanics from classical theories and its close connections with (particularly) the Hamilton-Jacobi theory. Emphasis is placed on the concepts and use of the modern objective (measure-theoretic) probability theory. The work is free from any mention of the bearing of Schrödinger's mechanics on God, his alleged mind or, indeed, minds at all. The author has taken the naïve view that this mechanics is about the structure and dynamics of atomic and sub-atomic systems since he has been unable to trace any references to minds, consciousness or measurements in the foundations of the theory.