On the Interactions of Electromagnetic Fields with Human Cells
Author | : Travis Hamilton Jones |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2020 |
Genre | : Electromagnetic fields |
ISBN | : |
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Over the past century, there has been a growing interest in the interactions of electromagnetic fields and biological systems. It was first discovered that cells react and are guided by current flow (galvanotaxism). Since then, there have been other anecdotal reports such as increased bone growth from pulsed magnetic fields and inhibition of cell replication by alternating electric fields. The mechanisms of these reports are still under investigation and in addition, the types of fields investigated are few and far between. This work provides an in-depth analysis of the functional response of multiple breast cell lines under treatment of a new electromagnetic field type. Specifically, the migratory, proliferative, and metabolic response of cells were observed under treatment of a low frequency (100 kHz), electric field induced by an alternating magnetic field. Previous studies on magnetic fields have considered extremely low frequency (120 Hz), while medium frequency studies in the 100 kHz range have consisted of direct electric field application resulting in current flow. In this work, the applied alternating magnetic field induces electric fields within the cellular media or cell body without the need for contact electrodes. This study is the first of its kind, observing a broad range of cellular functions under the treatment of a singular electromagnetic field type. It was found that the induced electric fields were capable of inhibiting cell migration, driving apoptosis under stress, and reducing mitochondrial respiration. Specifically, baseline oxygen consumption of two breast cancer cell lines and one normal breast cell line were significantly reduced with induced electric field treatment. Preliminary data points toward lower ATP generation which may explain observed hindrance of migration and induced apoptosis. The results presented herein represent a significant step toward understanding how electromagnetic fields interact with human cells, particularly cancerous versus non-cancerous cell lines. This work will lead to future studies investigating the use of electromagnetic fields as a possible treatment modality in cancer.