On The Infinite And The Infinitesimal In Mathematical Analysis

A rigorous, axiomatically formulated presentation of the 'zero-square', or 'nilpotent' infinitesimal.

'This text shows that the study of the almost-forgotten, non-Archimedean mathematics deserves to be utilized more intently in a variety of fields within the larger domain of applied mathematics.'CHOICEThis book contains an original introduction to the use of infinitesimal and infinite numbers, namely, the Alpha-Theory, which can be considered as an alternative approach to nonstandard analysis.The basic principles are presented in an elementary way by using the ordinary language of mathematics; this is to be contrasted with other presentations of nonstandard analysis where technical notions from logic are required since the beginning. Some applications are included and aimed at showing the power of the theory.The book also provides a comprehensive exposition of the Theory of Numerosity, a new way of counting (countable) infinite sets that maintains the ancient Euclid's Principle: 'The whole is larger than its parts'. The book is organized into five parts: Alpha-Calculus, Alpha-Theory, Applications, Foundations, and Numerosity Theory.

This modern introduction to infinitesimal methods is a translation of the book Métodos Infinitesimais de Análise Matemática by José Sousa Pinto of the University of Aveiro, Portugal and is aimed at final year or graduate level students with a background in calculus. Surveying modern reformulations of the infinitesimal concept with a thoroughly comprehensive exposition of important and influential hyperreal numbers, the book includes previously unpublished material on the development of hyperfinite theory of Schwartz distributions and its application to generalised Fourier transforms and harmonic analysis. This translation by Roy Hoskins was also greatly assisted by the comments and constructive criticism of Professor Victor Neves, of the University of Aveiro. Surveys modern reformulations of the infinitesimal concept with a comprehensive exposition of important and influential hyperreal numbers Includes material on the development of hyperfinite theory of Schwartz distributions and its application to generalised Fourier transforms and harmonic analysis

Introducing calculus at the basic level, this text covers hyperreal numbers and hyperreal line, continuous functions, integral and differential calculus, fundamental theorem, infinite sequences and series, infinite polynomials, more. 1979 edition.

On August 10, 1632, five leading Jesuits convened in a sombre Roman palazzo to pass judgment on a simple idea: that a continuous line is composed of distinct and limitlessly tiny parts. The doctrine would become the foundation of calculus, but on that fateful day the judges ruled that it was forbidden. With the stroke of a pen they set off a war for the soul of the modern world. Amir Alexander takes us from the bloody religious strife of the sixteenth century to the battlefields of the English civil war and the fierce confrontations between leading thinkers like Galileo and Hobbes. The legitimacy of popes and kings, as well as our modern beliefs in human liberty and progressive science, hung in the balance; the answer hinged on the infinitesimal. Pulsing with drama and excitement, Infinitesimal will forever change the way you look at a simple line.