Nonlinear Effect On Optical Cdma Techniques And Radio Over Fiber Access Networks

A comprehensive evaluation of Fi-Wi, enabling readers to design links using channel estimation and equalization algorithms This book provides a detailed study of radio over fiber (ROF) based wireless communication systems, otherwise called fiber wireless (Fi-Wi) systems. This is an emerging hot topic where the abundant bandwidth of optical fiber is directly combined with the flexibility and mobility of wireless networks to provide broadband connectivity. Its application is increasing because of the growing demand for broadband wireless services. In such a system the transmission of the radio signals over a fiber is an important task. This book provides substantial material on the radio over fiber part of the complete fiber-wireless system, including new research results on the compensation methods. The early chapters provide fundamental knowledge required for a non-expert engineering professional as well as senior/graduate level students to learn this topic from scratch. The latter part of the book covers advanced topics useful for researchers and senior students. Therefore, this book provides a comprehensive understanding of the system for readers who will gain enough knowledge to design Fi-Wi links of their own by learning how to develop Fi-Wi channel estimation and equalization algorithms. This concept is completely novel in current literature and has been patented by the author. Readers are expected to have a basic understanding of fiber optics and wireless communications to easily follow the book and to appreciate the concepts. Basics of the Fi-Wi system and signal processing approaches are clearly explained. It covers a multidisciplinary topic and acts as a bridge between optical and wireless communication domains. In the increasingly demanding telecommunications profession, engineers are expected to have knowledge in both optical and wireless communications and expected design combined/hybrid systems. Hence, the book is written in such a way that both optical and wireless professionals will be able to easily understand and perceive the concepts. follows a logical process from basic principles through to advanced topics, providing a wide range of interest for researchers, practicing engineers, students, and those required to build such networks explains detailed system design concepts and the limitations and advantages in each configuration, appealing to design engineers, and largely avoiding system specifics demonstrates the author’s exclusive patent, showing how to develop baseband signal processing algorithms for Fi-Wi systems, which is a key requirement for the successful deployment of Fi-Wi systems contains tables, numerical examples and case studies, facilitating a good quantitative understanding of the topic

Code-division multiple access (CDMA) technology has been widely adopted in cell phones. Its astonishing success has led many to evaluate the promise of this technology for optical networks. This field has come to be known as Optical CDMA (OCDMA). Surveying the field from its infancy to the current state, Optical Code Division Multiple Access: Fundamentals and Applications offers the first comprehensive treatment of OCDMA from technology to systems. The book opens with a historical perspective, demonstrating the growth and development of the technologies that would eventually evolve into today's optical networks. Building on this background, the discussion moves to coherent and incoherent optical CDMA coding techniques and performance analysis of these codes in fiber optic transmission systems. Individual chapters provide detailed examinations of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology including theory, design, and applications; coherent OCDMA systems; and incoherent OCDMA systems. Turning to implementation, the book includes hybrid multiplexing techniques along with system examples and conversion techniques to connect networks that use different multiplexing platforms, state-of-the-art integration technologies, OCDMA network security issues, and OCDMA network architectures and applications, including a look at possible future directions. Featuring contributions from a team of international experts led by a pioneer in optical technology, Optical Code Division Multiple Access: Fundamentals and Applications places the concepts, techniques, and technologies in clear focus for anyone working to build next-generation optical networks.

Over the past decade there have been massive advances in the areas of mobile and optical fiber communications. This unique book shows you how to combine these methods to create new radio over fiber technologies that offer seamless operation and greater multimedia application potential for your current and third generation mobile communication networks.

This book focuses heavily on the principles, analysis and applications of code-division multiple-access (CDMA) techniques in optical communication systems and networks. In this book, the authors intimately discuss modern optical networks and their applications in current and emerging communication technologies, evaluating the quality, speed and number of supported services. In particular, principles and fundamentals of optical CDMA techniques from beginner to advanced levels are heavily covered. Furthermore, the authors concentrate on methods and techniques of various encoding and decoding schemes and their structures, as well as analysis of optical CDMA systems with various transceiver models including advanced multi-level incoherent and coherent modulations with the architecture of access/aggregation networks in mind. Moreover, authors examine intriguing topics of optical CDMA networking, compatibility with IP networks, and implementation of optical multi-rate multi-service CDMA networks. Key features: Expanded coverage of optical CDMA networks, starts from principles and fundamentals Comprehensive mathematical modelling and analysis from signal to system levels Addresses the applications of modern optical networking in the current and emerging communication technologies Greater focus on advanced optical multi-level incoherent and coherent modulations, spreading codes, and transceiver designs Detailed hardware specifications, system-level block diagrams, and network nodes’ functionalities This book appeals to researchers, practicing engineers, and advanced students. It is a practical resource for readers with an interest in optical communications and networks.

Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation is a comprehensive study of the subject, providing a comprehensive review of one of the most important coding schemes in modern communication systems.

According to an estimate by the Global Technology, Media and Telecom (GTMT) team, global mobile data traffic grew 70% in 2012, which was nearly 12 times the size of the entire global Internet in 2000. In the future, the amount of data traffic will grow at a pace never seen before. Many recent forecasts project mobile data traffic to grow more than 24 between 2010 and 2015, and much higher beyond 2015. To catch up with the need and to remain competitive, network operators need to increase the broadband capability of their networks fast. This poses a big challenge for wireless communication system designers. Researchers have been working on innovative systems that will provide several Gbit/s over the air interface. Digitized radio over fiber (DROF) offers the capability to support various current and future wireless standards, independent of wireless system specifics if the carrier frequency falls within the passband of the ROF link. For example, the same ROF links should be able to transmit either time-division multiple access (TDMA), code-division multiple access (CDMA), or orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) radio signals without modification if their carrier frequencies are the same. Properly designed, the ROF link can also carry multiple RF carriers simultaneously in a subcarrier-multiplexing manner and support multi-standard radio. If the ROF link is properly designed, the portable device should be unaware of the existence of fiber in its radio path. Essentially, radio over fiber (ROF) is an analog communications system, and with DROF, the signal it carries is digital. Since nonlinear distortions, limited dynamic range, and cumulating noise are major concerns with the analog ROF backbone; alternative approaches are also investigated by researchers. One approach is to transmit a digitized RF signal over fiber from the base station to the radio access point. The falling cost of high-speed digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) converters has led to heightened recent interest in digitized radio over fiber links (DROF). In DROF, the I and Q baseband digital signals immediately after the digital signal processor are converted to optical and transported via the fiber. This means that the remote radio heads can be relatively simple too, consisting of DAC converters, up-converters, and amplifiers in the downlink direction and ADC converters, down-converters, and amplifiers in the uplink direction. Signal processing and modulation functions will take place in the central base station (CBS). Therefore, this architecture also satisfies the requirement that the RAP remains small and relatively simple. Such digital links are uses for current wireless systems (UMTS, WiMAX, and LTE) to connect digital base stations to remote radio heads. In order to use optical fiber to deliver radio signal to remote antennas, methods include the use of an intensity modulator to introduce an RF subcarrier onto the intensity of a CW laser source. This method cannot be extended to millimetre waves due to the limited bandwidth of available modulators. A novel transmitter architecture for the generation and distribution of GHz RF signals is described in this work. One of the principal objectives of this Master Thesis is to present the development of a digitized radio over fiber optical transmission systems under advanced modulation formats. We analyze the impact of chromatic dispersion and nonlinear microwave devices distortions considering one optical subcarrier carrying multiple RF signals.

A self-contained guide to OCDMA for Next-Generation FTTH systems, from the fundamentals to cutting-edge research and practical perspectives.