Model Categories And Their Localizations

The aim of this book is to explain modern homotopy theory in a manner accessible to graduate students yet structured so that experts can skip over numerous linear developments to quickly reach the topics of their interest. Homotopy theory arises from choosing a class of maps, called weak equivalences, and then passing to the homotopy category by localizing with respect to the weak equivalences, i.e., by creating a new category in which the weak equivalences are isomorphisms. Quillen defined a model category to be a category together with a class of weak equivalences and additional structure useful for describing the homotopy category in terms of the original category. This allows you to make constructions analogous to those used to study the homotopy theory of topological spaces. A model category has a class of maps called weak equivalences plus two other classes of maps, called cofibrations and fibrations. Quillen's axioms ensure that the homotopy category exists and that the cofibrations and fibrations have extension and lifting properties similar to those of cofibration and fibration maps of topological spaces. During the past several decades the language of model categories has become standard in many areas of algebraic topology, and it is increasingly being used in other fields where homotopy theoretic ideas are becoming important, including modern algebraic $K$-theory and algebraic geometry. All these subjects and more are discussed in the book, beginning with the basic definitions and giving complete arguments in order to make the motivations and proofs accessible to the novice. The book is intended for graduate students and research mathematicians working in homotopy theory and related areas.

Model categories are used as a tool for inverting certain maps in a category in a controllable manner. They are useful in diverse areas of mathematics. This book offers a comprehensive study of the relationship between a model category and its homotopy category. It develops the theory of model categories, giving a development of the main examples.

This book develops abstract homotopy theory from the categorical perspective with a particular focus on examples. Part I discusses two competing perspectives by which one typically first encounters homotopy (co)limits: either as derived functors definable when the appropriate diagram categories admit a compatible model structure, or through particular formulae that give the right notion in certain examples. Emily Riehl unifies these seemingly rival perspectives and demonstrates that model structures on diagram categories are irrelevant. Homotopy (co)limits are explained to be a special case of weighted (co)limits, a foundational topic in enriched category theory. In Part II, Riehl further examines this topic, separating categorical arguments from homotopical ones. Part III treats the most ubiquitous axiomatic framework for homotopy theory - Quillen's model categories. Here, Riehl simplifies familiar model categorical lemmas and definitions by focusing on weak factorization systems. Part IV introduces quasi-categories and homotopy coherence.

With firm foundations dating only from the 1950s, algebraic topology is a relatively young area of mathematics. There are very few textbooks that treat fundamental topics beyond a first course, and many topics now essential to the field are not treated in any textbook. J. Peter May’s A Concise Course in Algebraic Topology addresses the standard first course material, such as fundamental groups, covering spaces, the basics of homotopy theory, and homology and cohomology. In this sequel, May and his coauthor, Kathleen Ponto, cover topics that are essential for algebraic topologists and others interested in algebraic topology, but that are not treated in standard texts. They focus on the localization and completion of topological spaces, model categories, and Hopf algebras. The first half of the book sets out the basic theory of localization and completion of nilpotent spaces, using the most elementary treatment the authors know of. It makes no use of simplicial techniques or model categories, and it provides full details of other necessary preliminaries. With these topics as motivation, most of the second half of the book sets out the theory of model categories, which is the central organizing framework for homotopical algebra in general. Examples from topology and homological algebra are treated in parallel. A short last part develops the basic theory of bialgebras and Hopf algebras.

The main purpose of part I of these notes is to develop for a ring R a functional notion of R-completion of a space X. For R=Zp and X subject to usual finiteness condition, the R-completion coincides up to homotopy, with the p-profinite completion of Quillen and Sullivan; for R a subring of the rationals, the R-completion coincides up to homotopy, with the localizations of Quillen, Sullivan and others. In part II of these notes, the authors have assembled some results on towers of fibrations, cosimplicial spaces and homotopy limits which were needed in the discussions of part I, but which are of some interest in themselves.

This book outlines a vast array of techniques and methods regarding model categories, without focussing on the intricacies of the proofs. Quillen model categories are a fundamental tool for the understanding of homotopy theory. While many introductions to model categories fall back on the same handful of canonical examples, the present book highlights a large, self-contained collection of other examples which appear throughout the literature. In particular, it collects a highly scattered literature into a single volume. The book is aimed at anyone who uses, or is interested in using, model categories to study homotopy theory. It is written in such a way that it can be used as a reference guide for those who are already experts in the field. However, it can also be used as an introduction to the theory for novices.

Since the beginning of the modern era of algebraic topology, simplicial methods have been used systematically and effectively for both computation and basic theory. With the development of Quillen's concept of a closed model category and, in particular, a simplicial model category, this collection of methods has become the primary way to describe non-abelian homological algebra and to address homotopy-theoretical issues in a variety of fields, including algebraic K-theory. This book supplies a modern exposition of these ideas, emphasizing model category theoretical techniques. Discussed here are the homotopy theory of simplicial sets, and other basic topics such as simplicial groups, Postnikov towers, and bisimplicial sets. The more advanced material includes homotopy limits and colimits, localization with respect to a map and with respect to a homology theory, cosimplicial spaces, and homotopy coherence. Interspersed throughout are many results and ideas well-known to experts, but uncollected in the literature. Intended for second-year graduate students and beyond, this book introduces many of the basic tools of modern homotopy theory. An extensive background in topology is not assumed.

Category theory has become the universal language of modern mathematics. This book is a collection of articles applying methods of category theory to the areas of algebra, geometry, and mathematical physics. Among others, this book contains articles on higher categories and their applications and on homotopy theoretic methods. The reader can learn about the exciting new interactions of category theory with very traditional mathematical disciplines.

This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications TOWARDS HIGHER CATEGORIES contains expository and research papers based on a highly successful IMA Summer Program on n-Categories: Foundations and Applications. We are grateful to all the participants for making this occasion a very productive and stimulating one. We would like to thank John C. Baez (Department of Mathematics, University of California Riverside) and J. Peter May (Department of Ma- ematics, University of Chicago) for their superb role as summer program organizers and editors of this volume. We take this opportunity to thank the National Science Foundation for its support of the IMA. Series Editors Fadil Santosa, Director of the IMA Markus Keel, Deputy Director of the IMA v PREFACE DEDICATED TO MAX KELLY, JUNE 5 1930 TO JANUARY 26 2007. This is not a proceedings of the 2004 conference “n-Categories: Fo- dations and Applications” that we organized and ran at the IMA during the two weeks June 7–18, 2004! We thank all the participants for helping make that a vibrant and inspiring occasion. We also thank the IMA sta? for a magni?cent job. There has been a great deal of work in higher c- egory theory since then, but we still feel that it is not yet time to o?er a volume devoted to the main topic of the conference.

The second Arolla conference on algebraic topology brought together specialists covering a wide range of homotopy theory and $K$-theory. These proceedings reflect both the variety of talks given at the conference and the diversity of promising research directions in homotopy theory. The articles contained in this volume include significant contributions to classical unstable homotopy theory, model category theory, equivariant homotopy theory, and the homotopy theory of fusionsystems, as well as to $K$-theory of both local fields and $C*$-algebras.