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A safe and efficient exploration of space requires an understanding of space radiations, so that human life and sensitive equipment can be protected. On the way to these sensitive sites, the radiation fields are modified in both quality and quantity. Many of these modifications are thought to be due to the production of pions and muons in the interactions between the radiation and intervening matter. A method used to predict the effects of the presence of these particles on the transport of radiation through materials is developed. This method was then used to develop software, which was used to calculate the fluxes of pions and muons after the transport of a cosmic ray spectrum through aluminum and water. Software descriptions are given in the appendices. Blattnig, Steve R. and Norbury, John W. and Norman, Ryan B. and Wilson, John W. and Singleterry, Robert C., Jr. and Tripathi, Ram K. Langley Research Center NCC1-260; NGT1-52217; NCC1-354; WU 23-349-06-01

A safe and efficient exploration of space requires an understanding of space radiations, so that human life and sensitive equipment can be protected. On the way to these sensitive sites, the radiation fields are modified in both quality and quantity. Many of these modifications are thought to be due to the production of pions and muons in the interactions between the radiation and intervening matter. A method used to predict the effects of the presence of these particles on the transport of radiation through materials is developed. This method was then used to develop software, which was used to calculate the fluxes of pions and muons after the transport of a cosmic ray spectrum through aluminum and water. Software descriptions are given in the appendices.

This advanced pharmacotherapeutics text for nurse practitioners and physician assistants offers guidelines on prescribing drugs for over 50 common diseases and disorders. The book is organized by disorder rather than drug class and includes algorithms and case studies that illustrate critical thinking aspects of prescribing, such as drug selection, lifespan considerations, therapeutic drug monitoring, adverse reactions, unexpected outcomes, and when to change therapy. This Second Edition has new chapters on oncologic disorders and complementary and alternative medicines. Improved case studies reflect more realistic practice issues in decision-making. Additional areas addressed include food-drug interactions, dietary considerations, and concerns regarding geriatric patients.