Mass Spectrometry Of Glycoproteins

This volume presents methods used for the analysis of glycoproteins at different levels—intact, subunit, glycopeptide, and monosaccharide--, and discusses and solves most analytical challenges that a scientist working on glycoproteins may come across. The chapters in this book cover topics such as the role of glycosylation on the properties of therapeutic glycoproteins; different analytical methods to characterize glycosylation, from the intact proteins to the glycan level, for both N-linked and O-linked glycoproteins; mass spectrometry imaging methodology for glycosylation analysis in tissues; approaches to characterizing glycosylation on cultured cells; and the use of cloud computing to deploy mass spectrometry data analysis. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, Mass Spectrometry of Glycoproteins: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for scientists interested in learning more about this developing field.

This comprehensive new resource in Springer s Methods in Molecular Biology series features contributions from leading researchers who provide expert advice and reproducible, cutting-edge protocols for examining glycoproteins through mass spectrometry."

As one of the most extensive and important protein post-translational modifications, glycosylation plays a vital role in regulating organisms and is associated with various physiological and pathological processes. Recently, researchers have focused on the need to characterize protein glycosylation sites, structures, and their degree of modification, to better understand their biological functions while also looking for potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of disease. Mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most powerful tools used to study biomolecules including glycoproteins and glycans. With the continuous development of glycoproteomics and glycomics based on MS analysis, more techniques have evolved and contribute to understanding the structure and function of glycoproteins and glycans. This book reviews advancements achieved in MS-based glycoproteomic analysis, including a wide range of analytical methodologies and strategies involved in selective enrichment; as well as qualitative, quantitative, and data analysis, together with their clinical applications. Significant examples are discussed to illustrate the principles, laboratory protocols, and advice for key implementation to ensure successful results. Mass Spectrometry–Based Glycoproteomics and Its Clinic Application will serve as a valuable resource to elucidate new techniques and their applications for students, postdocs, and researchers working in proteomics, glycoscience, analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and clinical medicine. Editor: Haojie Lu is a professor at Fudan University, specializing in proteomics based on mass spectrometry with particular emphasis on novel technologies for separation and identification of low-abundant proteins and post-translationally modified proteins (including glycosylation), as well as relative and absolute quantification methods for proteomics.

Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.

Mass Spectrometry: Techniques for the Structural Characterization of Glycans presents new methods for conducting detailed carbohydrate qualitative analysis—arming analytical chemists, pharmaceutical scientists, and food scientists with a quick reference that will allow them to determine the structures of carbohydrates molecules. As there is a need in the scientific community for content specific to structural determination and analysis of new glycoprotein drug, and because structure-activity analysis requires a structural determination of the N- and O-linked oligosaccharides linked to glycol-proteins, this book provides the relevant research that are necessary for advances and new outcomes in this area of study. Authored by an analytical chemist with more than 30 years of experience in research and industry Serves as a quick reference in mass spectral analysis and carbohydrates Includes more than 60 figures to aid in the retention of key concepts

It has been predicted that nearly half of all human proteins are glycosylated indicating the significance of glycoproteins in human health and disease. For example, the glycans attached to proteins have emerged as important biomarkers in the diagnosis of diseases such as cancers and play a significant role in how pathogenic viruses gain entry into human cells. The study of glycoproteins has now become a truly proteomic science. In the last few years, technology developments including in silico methods, high throughput separation and detection techniques have accelerated the characterization of glycoproteins in cells and tissues. Glyco-engineering coupled to rapid recombinant protein production has facilitated the determination of glycoprotein structures key to exploring and exploiting their functional roles. Each chapter in this volume is written by experts in the field and together provide a review of the state of the art in the emerging field of glycoproteomics.

Zusammenfassung: This detailed volume explores the production and purification of glycoproteins for therapeutic use or basic research, as well as the necessary in-depth understanding of cellular and acellular systems available for these purposes, their advantages and disadvantages, and considerations for choosing the most appropriate system for the desired application. Beginning with chapters on viral-encoded glycoproteins and those found in other pathogens, the book continues by examining the production of mammalian glycoproteins, the analysis of glycoprotein content, cell-free synthesis of glycoproteins and considerations for production and purification of glycoproteins. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to the respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Recombinant Glycoproteins: Methods and Protocols provides a wide range of guidelines for studying these vitally important proteins

(Uncorrected OCR) Abstract of thesis entitled MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SELECTED GLYCOPROTEINS Submitted by Chan Chun Yu for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in February 2005 Fetuin from fetal calf serum (Sigma, F6131), a well-characterized glycoprotein that has a molecular weight of 48.4 kDa and 3 N-glycosylation sites, was used as a prototypical protein to develop mass spectrometric approaches toward the identification and sequence elucidation of the N-glycosylation sites of proteins. Fetuin was digested using trypsin (porcine) and deglycosylated using peptide N-glycosidase F (PNGase-F) prior to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometric analysis. For peptide mass fingerprinting, the experimental peak list obtained from the MALDI-TOF mass spectrum of the sample was compared with the theoretical peak list obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information sequence database. The identification of each N-glycosylation site was based on the 0.98-Da mass increase observed upon hydrolysis by the amidase PNGase-F of the glycosylamine linkage of each N-glycosylated asparagine, which formed an aspartic acid residue. The identities of the glycopeptides were verified through isotopic pattern analysis using the proposed amino acid composition and the ISOPRO shareware program. All the 3 potential N-glycosylation sites of fetuin were identified successfully in accordance with published results. The peptide sequence coverage was 75%. The developed strategy was then applied to map the N-glycosylation sites of the severe acute respiratory syndrome spike S glycoprotein, a novel glycoprotein that requires a more complex analysis for its total 23 potential N-glycosylation sites. The proposed peptide sequence and its potential N-glycosylation sites were elucidated using tandem mass spectrometry under low-energy collision-induced dissociation. The partial peptide sequence was determined by.

A new focus on glycoscience, a field that explores the structures and functions of sugars, promises great advances in areas as diverse as medicine, energy generation, and materials science, this report finds. Glycans-also known as carbohydrates, saccharides, or simply as sugars-play central roles in many biological processes and have properties useful in an array of applications. However, glycans have received little attention from the research community due to a lack of tools to probe their often complex structures and properties. Transforming Glycoscience: A Roadmap for the Future presents a roadmap for transforming glycoscience from a field dominated by specialists to a widely studied and integrated discipline, which could lead to a more complete understanding of glycans and help solve key challenges in diverse fields.