Manned Testing Of Standard Mk 25 Mod 2 Purge Procedures With Kms 48 Full Face Mask

The volume of oxygen used and resulting oxygen partial pressure (P202) were determined when Current predive/surface and underwater purge procedures for the U.S. Navy MK 25 MOD 2 underwater breathing apparatus were performed with the KMS 48 face mask (Kirby Morgan Dive Systems; Santa Barbara, CA). A secondary purpose was to determine maximum pulmonary pressure (max Pmask) during ascent. Regardless of mouthpiece (T-bit or oral cup) used, purges performed at surface and 15 fsw yielded mean P202 exceeding 0.65 ATA. Purges at the surface and 15 fsw averaged less than 4.7 and 8.5 liters of oxygen, respectively. Regardless of mouthpiece the proportion of purges resulting in P202 greater than or equal 0.45 ATA exceeded 94.0% and 91.8% at the surface and 15 fsw, respectively. Average max P(mask) during ascent was less than 21 cm H20 with the T-bit and 20 H2O with the oral cup. The proportion of ascents in which max P(mask) is less than 80 cm H2O was greater than 91.7% regardless of mouthpiece. Average max P(mask) during ascent from 50 fsw was less than 39 cm H2O with the T-hit and 22 H2O with the oral cup. The proportion of ascents where max P(mask) is less than 80 cm B2O was between 69.9% and 100% with either mouthpiece. Current purge procedures performed with the KMS 48 mask provide acceptable initial breathing gas P202. However, regardless of mouthpiece, it is recommended that divers always start ascent with a mostly empty breathing bag to decrease risk of pulmonary overpressurization as gas expands.

A study is made on various chemical and physical characteristics of the Mk 25 Smoke-Flare Composi tion, which is basically a red phosphorus-magne sium-manganese dioxide system. A scheme for chemical analysis is reviewed. Physical phase changes and chemical reaction mechanisms of the components and of the mixture as a whole are ex plored by differential thermal analysis and ther mogravimetric analysis. Factors affecting the ignition point are considered. After some inves tigation, an attempt is made to write the prin cipal internal and external reactions for this complex and non-stoichiometric system. Behavior characteristics, such as sensitivity, stability, heat of reaction, ignition point, etc., are determined and reported. (Author).

A study is made on various chemical and physical characteristics of the Mk 25 Mod 2 Starter Composition, which is an oxygen deficient siliconlead dioxide - cupric oxide system. A scheme for chemical analysis, already provided in RDTR No. 27, is reviewed. Physical phase changes and chemical reaction mechanism of the compvents, and of the mixture as a whole are explored by differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The principal chemical reactions are considered and the theorectical thermodynamic values compared with experimental values. Behavior characeristics, such as sensititity, stability, heat of reaction, ignition point, and other available information are included in a Pyrotechnic Data Collection Sheet. (Author).

Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.

A detailed, yet highly readable book, On the Shoulders of Titans should be the starting point for all who are interested in the basic history of the Gemini Program. NASA's second human spaceflight program, Gemini laid the groundwork for the more ambitious Apollo program which put astronauts on the Moon.

Summarizes the science of climate change and impacts on the United States, for the public and policymakers.

The idea of The Fingerprint Sourcebook originated during a meeting in April 2002. Individuals representing the fingerprint, academic, and scientific communities met in Chicago, Illinois, for a day and a half to discuss the state of fingerprint identification with a view toward the challenges raised by Daubert issues. The meeting was a joint project between the International Association for Identification (IAI) and West Virginia University (WVU). One recommendation that came out of that meeting was a suggestion to create a sourcebook for friction ridge examiners, that is, a single source of researched information regarding the subject. This sourcebook would provide educational, training, and research information for the international scientific community.

Includes a foreword by Major General David A. Rubenstein. From the editor: "71F, or "71 Foxtrot," is the AOC (area of concentration) code assigned by the U.S. Army to the specialty of Research Psychology. Qualifying as an Army research psychologist requires, first of all, a Ph.D. from a research (not clinical) intensive graduate psychology program. Due to their advanced education, research psychologists receive a direct commission as Army officers in the Medical Service Corps at the rank of captain. In terms of numbers, the 71F AOC is a small one, with only 25 to 30 officers serving in any given year. However, the 71F impact is much bigger than this small cadre suggests. Army research psychologists apply their extensive training and expertise in the science of psychology and social behavior toward understanding, preserving, and enhancing the health, well being, morale, and performance of Soldiers and military families. As is clear throughout the pages of this book, they do this in many ways and in many areas, but always with a scientific approach. This is the 71F advantage: applying the science of psychology to understand the human dimension, and developing programs, policies, and products to benefit the person in military operations. This book grew out of the April 2008 biennial conference of U.S. Army Research Psychologists, held in Bethesda, Maryland. This meeting was to be my last as Consultant to the Surgeon General for Research Psychology, and I thought it would be a good idea to publish proceedings, which had not been done before. As Consultant, I'd often wished for such a document to help explain to people what it is that Army Research Psychologists "do for a living." In addition to our core group of 71Fs, at the Bethesda 2008 meeting we had several brand-new members, and a number of distinguished retirees, the "grey-beards" of the 71F clan. Together with longtime 71F colleagues Ross Pastel and Mark Vaitkus, I also saw an unusual opportunity to capture some of the history of the Army Research Psychology specialty while providing a representative sample of current 71F research and activities. It seemed to us especially important to do this at a time when the operational demands on the Army and the total force were reaching unprecedented levels, with no sign of easing, and with the Army in turn relying more heavily on research psychology to inform its programs for protecting the health, well being, and performance of Soldiers and their families."