Landscape Architecture In India

In Landscapes in India, Amita Sinha shows that landscapes can be read like languages, as arrangements of symbols that reveal cultural values. South Asian landscapes'rich with formalized symbols, from the Cosmic Tree in Buddhist landscapes to cities patterned on mandalas'offer a training ground for reading landscapes everywhere. In a readable narrative heavily illustrated with spectacular color photographs, Sinha introduces readers to sacred and secular landscapes, identifying archetypal forms that have evolved over millennia. According to Sinha, landscape symbols express all that a culture holds dear and externalize deeply felt emotions'of security, kinship, and relationship with the divine. Architects, landscape architects, and planners will rely on this beautiful book's idation of archetypal forms and how they co-evolve with nature and culture. Landscapes in India also offers fresh perspectives for travelers and readers interested in geography, anthropology, and religion.

Most people view cultural heritage sites as static places, frozen in time. In Cultural Landscapes in India, Amita Sinha subverts the idea of heritage as static and examines the ways that landscapes influence culture and that culture influences landscapes. The book centers around imagining, enacting, and reclaiming landscapes as subjects and settings of living cultural heritage. Drawing on case studies from different regions of India, Sinha offers new interpretations of links between land and culture using different ways of seeing—transcendental, romantic, and utilitarian. The idea of cultural landscape can be seen in ancient practices such as circumambulation and immersion in bodies of water that sustain engagement with natural elements. Pilgrim towns, medieval forts, religious sites, and contemporary memorial parks are sites of memory where myth and history converge. Engaging with these spaces allows us to reconstruct collective memory and reclaim not only historic landscapes, but ways of seeing, making, and remembering. Cultural Landscapes in India makes the case for reclaiming iconic landscapes and rethinking conventional approaches to conservation that take into consideration performative landscape as heritage.

Aimed at prospective and new students, this book gives a comprehensive introduction to the nature and practice of landscape architecture, the professional skills required and the latest developments. After discussing the history of the profession, the book explains the design process through principles such as hierarchy, human scale, unity, harmony, asymmetry, colour, form and texture. It looks at how design is represented through both drawing and modelling, and through digital techniques such as CAD and the use of GIS (Geographic Information Systems). This is followed by an examination of project management and landscape management techniques. Finally, the book explores educational and employment opportunities and the future of the profession in the context of climate change and sustainability. Illustrated with international examples of completed projects, Landscape Architecture provides an invaluable, one-stop resource for anyone considering studying or a career in this field.

Like their penchant for clubs, cricket, and hunting, the planting of English gardens by the British in India reflected an understandable need on the part of expatriates to replicate home as much as possible in an alien environment. In Flora's Empire, Eugenia W. Herbert argues that more than simple nostalgia or homesickness lay at the root of this "garden imperialism," however. Drawing on a wealth of period illustrations and personal accounts, many of them little known, she traces the significance of gardens in the long history of British relations with the subcontinent. To British eyes, she demonstrates, India was an untamed land that needed the visible stamp of civilization that gardens in their many guises could convey. Colonial gardens changed over time, from the "garden houses" of eighteenth-century nabobs modeled on English country estates to the herbaceous borders, gravel walks, and well-trimmed lawns of Victorian civil servants. As the British extended their rule, they found that hill stations like Simla offered an ideal retreat from the unbearable heat of the plains and a place to coax English flowers into bloom. Furthermore, India was part of the global network of botanical exploration and collecting that gathered up the world's plants for transport to great imperial centers such as Kew. And it is through colonial gardens that one may track the evolution of imperial ideas of governance. Every Government House and Residency was carefully landscaped to reflect current ideals of an ordered society. At Independence in 1947 the British left behind a lasting legacy in their gardens, one still reflected in the design of parks and information technology campuses and in the horticultural practices of home gardeners who continue to send away to England for seeds.

Classic Indian texts and Vaastupurusha Mandala are not often discussed in the western discourse on urbanism, even while much of these predate the commonly taught European writings. This book sheds light on some of those forgotten concepts, thus making the lesser discussed classic Indian town organization ideas accessible to architecture, landscape, and urban planning students worldwide. The resonance of these concepts in present times are reviewed through case studies of select Hindu temple towns in India. Furthermore, the author underscores the formal abstraction of the classic Indian Mandala and transplants the discourse from sociology to socio-ecologically adept trans-disciplinary design thinking. The creative interpretations offer a premise to start revising classic models for current practice to influence the urbanism and ecology of a place in accordance with the changing climate. Reviews "India has a strongly developed design, planning language and principles or sutras as shared through ancient Indian texts approximately developed through 5000-550 BCE such as, Kamikagama and Suprabhedgama, Matsyapurana, Bhavishyapurana, and Manasara. Kautilyashastra from around 5th BCE builds additional layers of complexity to the discourse. Sharma's book orients the students to some of these classic ancient principles while taking them on an investigative journey of applicability of these at temple precinct and town level." - Pankaj Jain. Professor and Head of the Department of Humanities and Languages, FLAME University, Pune, India "Our changing climate is forcing the rapid evolution of the pressing issues concerning urbanism. Sharma's book draws upon traditional Indian frameworks to be embedded in design methods, to creatively mitigate the current problems to be addressed in urbanism." -Tom Verebes. Professor of Architecture, New York Institute of Technology "Dr. Sharma presents an enlightening and groundbreaking perspective on the Hindu Temple landscape, placing it in the nexus of urbanism and ecology." - Diane Jones Allen, Professor of Landscape Architecture, University of Texas at Arlington.

The successful realization of diversity, resilience, usefulness, profitability, or beauty in landscape design requires a firm understanding of the stakeholders’ values. This collection, which incorporates a wide variety of geographic locations and cultural perspectives, reinforces the necessity for clear and articulate comprehension of the many factors that guide the design process. As the contributors to this collection reveal, dominant and emerging social, political, philosophical, and economic concerns perpetually assert themselves in designed landscapes, from manifestations of class consciousness in Napa Valley vineyards to recurring themes and conflicts in American commemorative culture as seen in designs for national memorials. One essay demonstrates the lasting impact of the doctrine of Manifest Destiny on the culture and spaces of the Midwest, while another considers the shifting historical narratives that led to the de-domestication and subsequent re-wilding of the Oostvaardersplassen in the Netherlands. These eleven essays help foster the ability to conduct a balanced analysis of various value systems and produce a lucid visualization of the necessary tradeoffs. Offering an array of case studies and theoretical arguments, Values in Landscape Architecture and Environmental Design encourages professionals and educators to bring self-awareness, precision, and accountability to their consideration of landscape designs.

Basic theoretical texts for landscape architects.

This edition of the major reference on graphic and design standards for landscape architecture has increased emphasis on environmental issues such as safe materials and construction techniques, land reclamation, and drainage and flood control.

Rahul Mehrotra is the founder of RMA Architects, which emerged in Mumbai in 1990 and has studios in Mumbai and Boston. Currently he is the chair of the Department of Urban Planning and Design at Havard GSD and has had a long-term engagement with and analyses of urbanism in India which has given rise to a new conceptualization of the city. The Kinetic City, the counterpart to the Static City familiar to most of us from conventional city maps, is perceived in terms of patterns of occupation and associative values attributed to space. The framework is established in this publication by Rahul Mehrotra's anchor essay, which draws out its potential to "allow a better understanding of the blurred lines of contemporary urbanism and the changing roles of people and spaces in urban society." The emerging urban Indian condition, of which the Kinetic City is symbolic, is examined in this publication through this anchor essay as well as an expansive complimentary photo essay. The theory is solidified by a series of essays from different points of Rahul Mehrotra's career as an architect, urban designer and educator. From case studies such as 'Evolution, Involution and the City's Future; A Perspective on Bombay's Urban Form', to more generally appliable ruminations such as 'Our Home in the World', the book will offer an in-depth look at the last thirty years of theory behind Mehrotra's work.