International Gas

Cleaner and more versatile than other hydrocarbons, natural gas has never had a brighter future. The new edition of Fundamentals of Natural Gas thoroughly explains the massive evolution of natural gas and LNG, from technology advances and vast new reserves. As forecasts of worldwide consumption increase dramatically, this "prince of hydrocarbons" is the natural choice for electric power, heating, and as an industry feedstock. Features of the Second Edition: Growth of unconventional shale gas technology and production Rise of LNG export projects from the United States International adoption of gas-on-gas pricing Impact of LNG mega-projects and the adjusting economics of these ventures

Addresses the design and installation of fuel gas systems and gas fired appliances through prescriptive and performance requirements. Key changes in the 2021 IFGC include: The termination of concealed condensate piping requires marking to indicate if it is the primary drain or the secondary drain. Press-connect joints are acceptable for high pressure (over 5 psi) applications indoors. Commercial cooking appliances are not allowed within dwelling units.

Packed with plumbing isometrics and helpful illustrations, this guide makes clear the code requirements for installing materials for plumbing and gas systems. Includes code tables for pipe sizing and fixture units, and code requirements for just about all areas of plumbing, from water supply and vents to sanitary drainage systems. Covers the principles and terminology of the code, how the various systems work and are regulated, and code-compliance issues you'll likely encounter on the job.

Customize your 2018 INTERNATIONAL FUEL GAS CODE Soft Cover book with updated, easy-to-use TURBO TABS. These handy tabs will highlight the most frequently referenced sections of the latest version of the IFGC. They have been strategically designed by industry experts so that users can quickly and efficiently access the information they need, when they need it.

Natural gas continues to be the fuel of choice for power generation and feedstock for a range of petrochemical industries. This trend is driven by environmental, economic and supply considerations with a balance clearly tilting in favor of natural gas as both fuel and feedstock. Despite the recent global economic uncertainty, the oil and gas industry is expected to continue its growth globally, especially in emerging economies. The expansion in LNG capacity coupled with recently launched and on-stream GTL plants poses real technological and environmental challenges. These important developments coupled with a global concern on green house gas emissions provide a fresh impetus to engage in new and more focused research activities aimed at mitigating or resolving the challenges facing the industry. Academic researchers and plant engineers in the gas processing industry will benefit from the state of the art papers published in this collection that cover natural gas utilization, sustainability and excellence in gas processing. Provides state-of-the-art contributions in the area of gas processing Covers solutions to technical and environmental problems Input from academia and industry

Natural gas continues to be the fuel of choice for power generation and feedstock for a range of petrochemical industries. This trend is driven by environmental, economic and supply considerations with a balance clearly tilting in favor of natural gas as both fuel and feedstock. Despite the recent global economic uncertainty, the oil and gas industry is expected to continue its growth globally, especially in emerging economies. The expansion in LNG capacity beyond 2011 and 2012 coupled with recently launched and on-stream GTL plants poses real technological and environmental challenges. These important developments coupled with a global concern on green house gas emissions provide a fresh impetus to engage in new and more focused research activities aimed at mitigating or resolving the challenges facing the industry.Academic researchers and plant engineers in the gas processing industry will benefit from the state of the art papers published in this collection that cover natural gas utilization, sustainability and excellence in gas processing. Provides state-of-the-art contributions in the area of gas processing Covers solutions to technical and environmental problems Input from academia and industry

The Roman Empire built by Roman Emperor Constantine changed the landscape of the globe. Known by the Latin phrase Nova Roma, Constantiople founded the Byzantine philosophy that "All roads lead to Rome." Trade routes from China, spice and silk roads traveled by Asian caravans, a resting place for Mary, Paul, and John, as well as a marriage chapel for Caesar and Cleopatra; All roads lead to Istanbul; Europe, Africa, Russia, all the trade roads by air, land and sea gather at the financial center of the planet. The Fall of Rome in 1453 led to the bridge of the what is now the Middle East, the retired Ottoman Empire overthrown by Ataturk, Father of the Turks, during the Turkish War of Independence established at the Sivas Congress. I have been traveling to Turkish cities around Anatolia by bus, airplane, ferry, and car for financial business since 1992 when I first traveled through war torn Yugoslavia as Red Cross vehicles exploded outside my window for three days by bus from Prague, Czechoslovakia to Istanbul, Turkey. The day I returned to Prague, protests took place downtown as Czechoslovakia had been split into two new countries, Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. 2012 Byzantium is reborn as planetary superpower with room to negotiate diplomatic deals over the production of petroleum as oil is traded throughout the planet. Turkey holds claim to the wealthiest cities in the region with diplomats controlling the flow of oil, petroleum production and pipelines to feed other countries fuel for manufacturing, industry and the distribution of liquid gold. Byzantium reborn in Istanbul adds to Ankara's influence as Turkey once again becomes the bridge where all roads gather to join the Mediterranean countries to nations along the Black Sea. The Golden Horn of the Bosphorus is now joined by air travel, ports for jet planes as well as military bases to protect the region.

This book addresses energy research from four distinct International Political Economy perspectives: energy security, governance, legal and developmental areas. Energy is too important to be neglected by political scientists. Yet, within the mainstream of the discipline energy research still remains a peripheral area of academic enquiry seeking to plug into the discipline’s theoretical debates. The purpose of this book is to assess how existing perspectives fit with our understanding of social science energy research by focusing on the oil and gas dimension.

International commercial gas sale agreements are often characterised by a duration of twenty years or more. Consequently, when unforeseen events alter market conditions the contractual equilibrium originally found by the parties is disrupted, giving rise to the necessity to renegotiate and adapt the agreement. If negotiation fails, the parties in most cases submit the matter to arbitration. This comprehensive analysis of what can happen under such circumstances proceeds from an in-depth consideration of the power of arbitrators to intervene on the agreement in the light of arbitrability and procedural law. The author fully explains the complex special nature of gas pricing and contract clauses, and takes into account such features as the following, especially in the wake of the 2009 crisis as it affected the gas sector: - take or pay clauses; - mechanisms for gas price calculation; - price review and price re-opener clauses; - hardship provisions; - problems arising from the absence of a specific clause providing for adaptation/adjustment; - effect on contracts of the emergence and development of spot or traded gas markets; and - trend toward introducing spot-market elements into an oil-indexed price formula. The analysis draws on interviews with lawyers and arbitrators who have been involved in recent proceedings regarding gas sale contract adaptations, and also considers court decisions issued in setting aside or enforcing arbitration awards handed down in energy disputes. A central discussion throughout this book is the possible responses to the question of whether it is possible to determine a principle of law justifying the arbitrator’s power to intervene in contract adaptation. All professionals involved in the production, wholesaling, or distribution of gas will find this book indispensable. It will also be of special value to practitioners, policymakers, and regulators in the fields of energy law and environmental law.