In Situ Immobilization Of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils

Many waste solutions and sludges contaminated with heavy metals are generated during aircraft maintenance operations at various Air Force Air Logistics Centers. The disposal of these waste streams by previously acceptable means has led to problems with the contamination of both soil and groundwater. Available technologies for treating contaminated soils are expensive. In situ immobilization of heavy metals is a cost-effective treatment alternative to alleviate the environmental and health hazards associated with contaminated soils. The objective of the program was the laboratory evaluation of various treatment chemicals for the in situ immobilization of hexavalent chromium, cadmium, nickel, copper and zinc in soils from Air Force facilities in the United States.

Many waste solutions and sludges contaminated with heavy metals are generated during aircraft maintenance operations at various Air Force Air Logistics Centers. The disposal of these waste streams by previously acceptable means has led to problems with the contamination of both soil and groundwater. Available technologies for treating contaminated soils are expensive. In situ immobilization of heavy metals is a cost-effective treatment alternative to alleviate the environmental and health hazards associated with contaminated soils. The objective of the program was the laboratory evaluation of various treatment chemicals for the in situ immobilization of hexavalent chromium, cadmium, nickel, copper and zinc in soils from Air Force facilities in the United States. Keywords: In situ immobilization, Heavy metals, Contaminated soil, Hazardous waste, Treatment.

An unfortunate by-product of industrialization is the contamination of soil and water resources with toxic metals, which becomes an environmental concern when the concentration in soils begins to affect human health. Current remediation methods applicable to contaminated soils are expensive and environmentally invasive since they are based primarily on civil-engineering techniques. This book represents an overview of efforts in exploiting biological and chemical processes to reduce the inherent risk associated with metal-contaminated soils. It presents a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of in situ immobilization and inactivation of toxic metals by means of plants, microorganisms and invertebrates.

Understanding the mechanisms associated with metal complexes and the sequestering metal contaminants in the environment is essential for effective remediation. Heavy Metal Release in Soils describes and quantifies desorption/release kinetics and dissolution reactions in the release of heavy metals from soil. The book focuses on: New techniques - microscopic surface techniques, NMR and electrophoresis, XAFS, SFM, and time-resolved ATR-FTIR Theoretical analysis and kinetic approaches - adsorption/desorption hysteresis, competitive sorption and transport, multi-component models, speciation kinetics, isotherms and soil and metal parameters, and the role of soil properties on transport Applications - arsenic speciation and mobility in contaminated soils, modeling activity of CD, Zn, and Cu in contaminated soils, and in situ chemical immobilization A timely addition to the literature, this book highlights the desorption/release mechanisms for the purpose of resolving remediation dilemmas in contaminated environments. It gives you the added advantage of case studies at both the microscopic and macroscopic scales, and provides both experimental and numerical investigations. With contributions from an international panel of authors, Heavy Metals Release in Soils fills a gap in the current literature concerned with subsurface contaminant fate and transport processes.