Identification Of Organic Compounds With The Aid Of Gas Chromatography

Focusing on the identification of substances on the basis of their retention, this volume pays particular attention to methods for attaining optimum conditions in order to obtain reliable values of retention times. It features tables which summarize over 1500 values of retention indices.

The American edition of our monograph is not a mere translation of the Czech edition, which appeared some five years ago. We have had to respect the fact that even such a short period has sufficed for progress in this field, and that the field of application of methods of organic analysis has widened. We have therefore revised a number of chapters in Part 1, the general part of the monograph-mainly those devoted to chromatographic methods, which have been extended and complemented by methods of thin-layer chromatography and electrophoresis. The chapters on the theory of color reactions and on analytical literature have also been extended; the chapter on spectral methods has been extended by including the use of proton magnetic resonance in organic analysis, and the list of references has been enlarged by adding books of importance for organic analysis. In Part 2, the part dealing specifically with various elements and chemical groups, we have extended the chapters on solubility and on acids and bases. The methods for the detection and identification of given classes of compounds have also been supplemented by references to recent papers.

An analytical laboratory scheme has been designed specifically to support the rapid and cost effective characterization of complex hazardous waste materials. Rapid analysis includes "compatibility" testing of the gross characteristics of the material, identification and quantitation of metals, and the identification and semi-quantitation of organic compounds in water, soil, sludge, and organic matrixes. Organic compounds can be screened by gas chromatography and characterized by halogen or nonhalogen content. The former includes poly(chlorinated biphenyls) (PCBs), which are quantitated using a novel basic computer program. Other halogenated compounds are identified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with the aid of a halogen isotope cluster survey program. Nonhalogenated compounds are identified by fingerprint chromatograms or searching the GC/MS spectral library.

Headspace gas analysis is an analytical technique that has been successfully applied to food flavors for over 20 years but has experienced a resurgence of interest and innovation in recent years. In its truest form, headspace analysis represents the direct collection and analysis of the mixture of vapors in the space immediately above a food or beverage. The technique offers several advantages for workers interested in how a product smells and ultimately tastes. It offers the advantages of speed, simplicity, and, more importantly, represents the aroma profile a consumer is likely to experience just before consuming the product. Since only volatile components are collected, the sample is totally free of nonvolatile residues which commonly plague comparison liquid-liquid extracts of the same product. This is the first book devoted to headspace analysis in foods and beverages in more than 20 years. The publication contains chapters on the basic theory of headspace analysis, as well as the theory and application of newly developed headspace techniques, such as solid phase micro extraction, SPME and electronic noses. New concentrating and desorption techniques are described in addition to a raft of food applications including tomato and citrus juices, alcoholic beverages, baguettes, dairy products, lipids, grill flavoring, baked potato, and meat. Chapters on off-flavors as well as aroma-food matrix interactions are also included. "This is the bible of headspace analysis. If you are involved in, or planning on becoming involved, or want to learn more about, this incredible subject , then buy this book immediately!" – Aubrey Parsons, governing council member, International Union for Food Science and Technology

GC/LC Instruments, Derivatives in Identifying Pollutants and Unknowns outlines the methods of identifying various components in products, processes, or discharges to the environment. This book is composed of 14 chapters that demonstrate the utility of gas and liquid chromatographs in the analysis of unknown organic compounds. The opening chapters deal with the isolation and the preparation of derivatives of various pollutants. Considerable chapters are devoted to the analysis and detection of various organic group compounds, including derivatives of acetals, acetates, acids, acid halides, ethers, amines, amino acids, anilides, barbiturates, benzamides, esters, and hydrocarbons. Other chapters cover other group compounds, such as derivatives of oxalates, oximes, peroxides, phenyl, semicarbazones, silicones, sulfur, toluidides, tri-halo acids, and alcohols. The closing chapters describe the identification techniques and instrumentation of pollutant detection. These chapters highlight the utilization of GC/LC data in physic-chemical measurements of various organic pollutants. This book will prove useful to analytical and organic chemists, environmental scientists, and researchers.

The applications of gas chromatography in organic analysis, especially of combustion products, is reviewed. Topics include: Quantitative analysis of organic compounds by gas chromatography (simultaneous determination of C and H, two methods of determining N, two methods of determining S, determination of O, simultaneous determination of several elements); basic studies on application of gas-chromatography to analysis of compounds (combustion of samples, judging the capabilities of oxidizing agents, rinsing of combustion products); sources of errors.