High Voltage Tolerant I O Design For Usb 20 Compliant Systems

The design of I/O user interfaces continues to grow in importance as the "digital revolution" gathers momentum. In such I/O interfaces, one frequently occurring challenge is the need to accommodate over-voltage conditions, in which the I/O signals range beyond the nominal voltage ratings of the I/O supplies. This vulnerability results from the fact that most I/O ports are exposed to users during operation, resulting in relatively uncontrolled terminations or even user abuse. This problem is exacerbated by a mismatch in the scaling rates of CMOS processes and I/O standards, forcing transistors with reduced voltage tolerance to implement interfaces with higher I/O voltages. The design problems associated with over-voltage conditions are important because it directly affects the lifetime of the product. In this work, we identify design challenges in the presence of over-voltage conditions and derive design guidelines for end-user systems taking a USB 2.0-compliant I/O as a test vehicle. We further demonstrate over-voltage-protected I/O circuits and high-robustness on-chip ESD protection in a 90-nm CMOS process. Our I/O circuit provides over-voltage protection against stress ranging from -1 to 5.25 V with continuous monitoring and compatibility with power-down mode. To enable this protection using today's CMOS technology, an additional bias voltage is used. Also, a dedicated over-voltage detection circuit with no static power consumption centrally controls protection paths to realize continuous monitoring. The protection concept of the I/O circuits integrated in the USB transmitters and receivers has been demonstrated with and without power present. Our ESD design realizes an extremely robust on-chip ESD protection concept, achieving an ESD robustness of 5 A TLP current, equivalent to an 8 kV HBM level, while fulfilling the over-voltage and high-speed requirements of the USB 2.0 system. The proposed architectures, employing SCR devices with triggering circuits implemented using a diode-string or a PMOS device, exhibit high ESD robustness, compatibility with over-voltage conditions, and suppressed interaction between the ESD circuit and regular I/O signaling in any state of system power.

An effective and cost efficient protection of electronic system against ESD stress pulses specified by IEC 61000-4-2 is paramount for any system design. This pioneering book presents the collective knowledge of system designers and system testing experts and state-of-the-art techniques for achieving efficient system-level ESD protection, with minimum impact on the system performance. All categories of system failures ranging from 'hard' to 'soft' types are considered to review simulation and tool applications that can be used. The principal focus of System Level ESD Co-Design is defining and establishing the importance of co-design efforts from both IC supplier and system builder perspectives. ESD designers often face challenges in meeting customers' system-level ESD requirements and, therefore, a clear understanding of the techniques presented here will facilitate effective simulation approaches leading to better solutions without compromising system performance. With contributions from Robert Ashton, Jeffrey Dunnihoo, Micheal Hopkins, Pratik Maheshwari, David Pomerenke, Wolfgang Reinprecht, and Matti Usumaki, readers benefit from hands-on experience and in-depth knowledge in topics ranging from ESD design and the physics of system ESD phenomena to tools and techniques to address soft failures and strategies to design ESD-robust systems that include mobile and automotive applications. The first dedicated resource to system-level ESD co-design, this is an essential reference for industry ESD designers, system builders, IC suppliers and customers and also Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). Key features: Clarifies the concept of system level ESD protection. Introduces a co-design approach for ESD robust systems. Details soft and hard ESD fail mechanisms. Detailed protection strategies for both mobile and automotive applications. Explains simulation tools and methodology for system level ESD co-design and overviews available test methods and standards. Highlights economic benefits of system ESD co-design.

This unique guide goes beyond all the USB specification overviews to provide designers with the expert knowledge and skills they need to design and implement USB I/O devices.

This complete update of a classic handbook originally created by Analog Devices and never previously published offers the most complete and up-to-date reference available on data conversion, from the world authority on the subject. It describes in depth the theory behind and the practical design of data conversion circuits. It describes the different architectures used in A/D and D/A converters - including many advances that have been made in this technology in recent years - and provides guidelines on which types are best suited for particular applications. It covers error characterization and testing specifications, essential design information that is difficult to find elsewhere. The book also contains a wealth of practical application circuits for interfacing and supporting A/D and D/A converters within an electronic system. In short, everything an electronics engineer needs to know about data converters can be found in this volume, making it an indispensable reference with broad appeal. The accompanying CD-ROM provides software tools for testing and analyzing data converters as well as a searchable pdf version of the text. * brings together a huge amount of information impossible to locate elsewhere. * many recent advances in converter technology simply aren't covered in any other book. * a must-have design reference for any electronics design engineer or technician

Important book with no competition based on a successful course from Mindshare.

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Explore a complex mechanical system where electronics and mechanical engineers work together as a cross-functional team. Using a working example, this book is a practical “how to” guide to designing a drone system. As system design becomes more and more complicated, systematic, and organized, there is an increasingly large gap in how system design happens in the industry versus what is taught in academia. While the system design basics and fundamentals mostly remain the same, the process, flow, considerations, and tools applied in industry are far different than that in academia. Designing Drone Systems takes you through the entire flow from system conception to design to production, bridging the knowledge gap between academia and the industry as you build your own drone systems. What You’ll LearnGain a high level understanding of drone systems Design a drone systems and elaborating the various aspects and considerations of design Review the principles of the industrial system design process/flow, and the guidelines for drone systems Look at the challenges, limitations, best practices, and patterns of system design Who This Book Is For Primarily for beginning or aspiring system design experts, recent graduates, and system design engineers. Teachers, trainers, and system design mentors can also benefit from this content.