Handbook Of Energy Harvesting Power Supplies And Applications

This book describes the fundamentals and principles of energy harvesting and provides the necessary theory and background to develop energy harvesting power supplies. It explains the overall system design and gives quantitative assumptions on environmental energy. It explains different system blocks for an energy harvesting power supply and the trade-offs. The text covers in detail different energy transducer technologies such as piezoelectric, electrodynamic, and thermoelectric generators and solar cells from the material to the component level and explains the appropriate power management circuits required in these systems. Furthermore, it describes and compares storage elements such as secondary batteries and supercapacitors to select the most appropriate one for the application. Besides power supplies that use ambient energy, the book presents systems that use electromagnetic fields in the radio frequency range. Finally, it discusses different application fields and presents examples of self-powered electronic systems to illustrate the content of the preceding chapters.

Energy Harvesting Technologies provides a cohesive overview of the fundamentals and current developments in the field of energy harvesting. In a well-organized structure, this volume discusses basic principles for the design and fabrication of bulk and MEMS based vibration energy systems, theory and design rules required for fabrication of efficient electronics, in addition to recent findings in thermoelectric energy harvesting systems. Combining leading research from both academia and industry onto a single platform, Energy Harvesting Technologies serves as an important reference for researchers and engineers involved with power sources, sensor networks and smart materials.

This book describes the design of microelectronic circuits for energy harvesting, broadband energy conversion, new methods and technologies for energy conversion. The author also discusses the design of power management circuits and the implementation of voltage regulators. Coverage includes advanced methods in low and high power electronics, as well as principles of micro-scale design based on piezoelectric, electromagnetic and thermoelectric technologies with control and conditioning circuit design.

This book provides the reader with a solid understanding of the fundamental modeling of photovoltaic devices. After the material independent limit of photovoltaic conversion, the readers are introduced to the most well-known theory of "classical" silicon modeling. Based on this, for each of the most important PV materials, their performance under different conditions is modeled. This book also covers different modeling approaches, from very fundamental theoretic investigations to applied numeric simulations based on experimental values. The book concludes wth a chapter on the influence of spectral variations. The information is supported by providing the names of simulation software and basic literature to the field. The information in the book gives the user specific application with a solid background in hand, to judge which materials could be appropriate as well as realistic expectations of the performance the devices could achieve.

The use of energy it is argued started about two million years ago when humans started cooking their food using firewood. As humans developed new skills with increased activities, energy interaction and usage emerged. Energy was used not only for domestic functions but also for space applications. With industrialization, humans realized that energy was needed to move machines and do other things as well. In this quest, and without understanding the consequences of using fossil fuels extensively, many problems arose. Researchers in energy embarked on a journey to study different forms of energy. To understand different needs, researchers have tried to come up with ways in which small-scale energy harvesting can be adapted to different needs that do not require heavy-duty energy production.This book attempts to present a number of ideas regarding a few selected small-scale energy harvesting methods and techniques as well as theories and products that may be helpful in improving the quality of life. Some of the new products are still in the prototype stage, while others are already being utilized. Many researchers in small-scale energy harvesting and those aspiring to follow this path of research will find this book not only motivating but also a useful guide in their endeavors.

Kinetic energy harvesting converts movement or vibrations into electrical energy, enables battery free operation of wireless sensors and autonomous devices and facilitates their placement in locations where replacing a battery is not feasible or attractive. This book provides an introduction to operating principles and design methods of modern kinetic energy harvesting systems and explains the implications of harvested power on autonomous electronic systems design. It describes power conditioning circuits that maximize available energy and electronic systems design strategies that minimize power consumption and enable operation. The principles discussed in the book will be supported by real case studies such as battery-less monitoring sensors at water waste processing plants, embedded battery-less sensors in automotive electronics and sensor-networks built with ultra-low power wireless nodes suitable for battery-less applications.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the core technologies of current and future information and communications technology (ICT) sectors. IoT technologies will be deployed in numerous industries, including health, transport, smart cities, utility sectors, environment, security, and many other areas. In a manner suitable to a broad range of readers, this book introduces various key IoT technologies focusing on algorithms, process algebra, network architecture, energy harvesting, wireless communications, and network security. It presents IoT system design techniques, international IoT standards, and recent research outcomes relevant to the IoT system developments and provides existing and emerging solutions to the design and development of IoT platforms for multi-sector industries, particularly for Industry 4.0. The book also addresses some of the regulatory issues and design challenges related to IoT system deployments and proposes guidelines for possible future applications.

This book gathers the best papers presented at the Fourth Italian National Conference on Sensors, held in Catania, Italy, from 21 to 23 February 2018. The book represents an invaluable and up-to-the-minute tool, providing an essential overview of recent findings, strategies and new directions in the area of sensor research. Further, it addresses various aspects based on the development of new chemical, physical or biological sensors, assembling and characterization, signal treatment and data handling. Lastly, the book applies electrochemical, optical and other detection strategies to relevant issues in the food and clinical environmental areas, as well as industry-oriented applications.

This is the first and most comprehensive guide on the modeling, engineering and reliable design of indoor photovoltaics which currently is the most promising and energy efficient power supply for edge nodes for the Internet of Things and other indoor devices. Indoor photovoltaics (IPV) has grown in importance over recent years. This can in part be attributed to the creation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) along with the vast amounts of data being processed in the field, which has been a massive accelerator for this development. Moreover, since energy conservation is being imposed as the national strategy of many countries and is being set as a top priority throughout the world, understanding and promoting IPV as the most promising indoor energy harvesting source is considered by many to be essential these days. The book provides the engineer and researcher with guidelines, and presents a comprehensive overview of theoretical models, efficiencies, and application design. This unique and groundbreaking book has chapters by leading researchers on: Introduction to micro energy harvesting Introduction to indoor photovoltaics Modeling indoor irradiance Characterization and power measurement of IPV cells Luminescent solar concentrators Organic photovoltaic cells and modules for applications under indoor lighting conditions High-efficiency indoor photovoltaic energy harvesting Indoor photovoltaics based on ALGAAs alloys

Energy Autonomy of Batteryless and Wireless Embedded Systems covers the numerous new applications of embedded systems that are envisioned in the context of aeronautics, such as sensor deployment for flight tests or for structural health monitoring. However, the increasing burden of on-board cabling requires wireless solutions. Moreover, concerns such as safety or system lifetime preclude the use of electrochemical energy storage. Ambient energy capture, storage and management are therefore key topics. This book presents these concepts and illustrates them through actual implementations in airliners. With five years of experience within this specialist field, the authors present results from actual flight tests via a partnership with Airbus. Basic concepts are summarized, together with practical implementations in airliners, enriching the book through the very specific aspects related to embedded systems deployed in aircraft. This book will appeal to both students and practising engineers in the field. Features a complete study of the energy management architecture, from general concepts to specific applications Presents results from thorough studies on electrostatic energy storage Provides hands-on consideration of industrial implementations in airliners, specifically in harsh environments Includes actual results obtained from flight tests