Graduate Medical Education

Intro -- FrontMatter -- Reviewers -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Boxes, Figures, and Tables -- Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background on the Pipeline to the Physician Workforce -- 3 GME Financing -- 4 Governance -- 5 Recommendations for the Reform of GME Financing and Governance -- Appendix A: Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Appendix B: U.S. Senate Letters -- Appendix C: Public Workshop Agendas -- Appendix D: Committee Member Biographies -- Appendix E: Data and Methods to Analyze Medicare GME Payments -- Appendix F: Illustrations of the Phase-In of the Committee's Recommendations.

Graduate medical education (GME) is critical to the career development of individual physicians, to the functioning of many teaching institutions, and to the production of our physician workforce. However, recent reports have called for substantial reform of GME. The current lack of established GME outcome measures limits our ability to assess the impact of individual graduates, the performance of residency programs and teaching institutions, and the collective contribution of GME graduates to the physician workforce. To examine the opportunities and challenges in measuring and assessing GME outcomes, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop on October 10â€"11, 2017, in Washington, DC. Workshop participants discussed: meaningful and measurable outcomes of GME; possible metrics that could be used to track these GME outcomes; possible mechanisms for collecting, collating, analyzing, and reporting these data; and further work to accomplish this ambitious goal. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Graduate Medical Education needs a stress test now to improve and enhance the health and well-being of its community members. As a member of the GME community for a decade, I found that no matter where in the U.S. I worked or in which specialty I was overseeing, I encountered the same barriers to the foundation of GME, the same challenges faced by trainees, and the same threats to members' health and well-being. After a decade in the GME community, I felt compelled to formally analyze its challenges and devise improvements for its processes, practices, structure, and oversight, from medical school candidates for residency to accreditation to the GME Office to residency and fellowship programs and their learning environments. Professional, successful, knowledgeable GME administrators are seeking safer, less stressful, and more rewarding positions outside the GME community. Practicing physicians are experiencing violence in their workplaces. More alarming, medical students, residents, fellows, and practicing physicians exhibit and share their suicidal ideation. I hope my readers will feel and respond to my sense of urgency for transforming the GME community's challenges into enhancements and improvements. This book is my call to action for all members of this community as well as to the general public who may be or may become patients seeking medical treatment. I have shared experiences I encountered as examples that illuminate areas that need immediate correction. These are concrete problems and issues pervasive in the GME community. I have included scientific support and metrics for readers to examine and contemplate. I have revealed the realities of working in the GME community to bring attention to the current, continual challenges its members face daily. I sincerely hope readers will become advocates for change to improve the culture of the GME community by: Promoting transparency within GME. Developing strategies to improve the culture of the GME community. Enhancing wellness in medical school and residencies. Improving the medical school and trainee learning environments. Aiding residency candidates in navigation through recruitment and fostering understanding of their role in GME. Assisting residency candidates in the transition to residency. Encouraging programs to strive to be more successful. Assisting residents and fellows to succeed in GME and be prepared for a career transition to practice. Acknowledging the connection between failing programs and lack of training for administrative staff. Changing the current perception of the residency coordinator role to one of administrative director, supervisor, or manager. And also: Trainee Career Transition: Topics include negotiating a contract, interview questions, professional identity formation, marketing your practice, and building referrals. Medical Students: Topics include a behind-the-scenes look at the Match and ERAS from the program point of view, learning what programs look for in a personal statement, get interview questions, and how to be successful during residency.

The new edition of the Green Book now blends the best information from the Graduate Medical Education Directory AND GMED Companion: An Insider's Guide to Selecting a Residency Program. This new format gives medical students all of the necessary tools and insight to help them to make one of the most important professional decisions of their careers. By combining the texts of both of these great resources, readers have at their fingertips all of the residency program information, plus residency application and career planning resources. The updated and expanded information of the 2006 - 2007 edition include: The official listings for residency programs at more than 1,700 GME teaching institutions Comprehensive GME program listings, including program director, address, phone, fax, and e-mail address Lists certification requirements for 24 medical specialty boards and teaching institutions that sponsor GME programs Contains 6,500 revisions, 100 new programs, as well as updated certification requirements and teaching institutions' listings Information on fellowship/subspecialty programs, Canadian programs, national medical societies and medical licensure information This resource is a must to help guide your residency program selection process.

Graduate medical education (GME) continues its decades-long evolution. Evidence-based approaches are increasingly transforming the way we educate, evaluate, and promote GME trainees. Key to this transformation is our ability to recognize that “medical education” constitutes a true lifelong continuum, beginning with pre-medical education, then proceeding to medical school, residency (and potentially subsequent fellowship) training, and then finally the so-called maintenance of certification that continues throughout one’s entire professional career. This book explores a broad range of important topics, including the novel concept of “coping intelligence,” the important role of “work-life integration,” professional coaching and mentorship, professional development and career-long learning, patient-provider relationship, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education, as well as the introduction of modern technologies to ameliorate the effects of social distancing. The book further discusses two important aspects of GME program management: the process of establishing new GME programs as well as the highly intricate process of merging residency programs. Different aspects and perspectives are incorporated, including those of residents, faculty, and program leadership. The book ends with chapters on diversity, equity and inclusion, and the importance of community-based medical education.

This fifth edition of the Guide to Medical Education in the Teaching Hospital provides an overview of topics across the medical education continuum that impact hospital medical education. With 43 chapters, the Guide is both a primer for the day-to-day challenges of delivering quality medical education and meeting accreditation standards, and an overview of the current status and the future of medical education in the teaching hospitals. Authors include thought leaders from the ACGME, ACCME, and the AAMC, along with many other contributors from key medical education organizations and professionals in the field.

Most medical schools in the US, Canada and UK now incorporate some form of arts and humanities-based teaching into their curricula. What happens in residency is another story. Most postgraduate programs do not continue the thread of such teaching although many residents would like to deepen their understanding of the medical humanities before they move into practice. The humanities emphasize "the human side of medicine", and can provide a counterpoint to the reductionism of evidence-based medicine and technological hubris for young doctors as they apply new knowledge and skills in ambiguous, real-life encounters with patients who are living with complicated health problems. Humanities-based education can help both sides of the relationship: programs are shown to reduce burnout and mental health issues in young physicians, and can also help learning practitioners grapple with the most difficult aspects of their craft: how does one persuade patients on a course of treatment, while respecting informed consent? How does one work with families? How does one listen to and treat patients exhibiting self-harm tendencies? Available research may demonstrate the efficacy of such exposures, but provide little practical advice or resources for setting up programs across specialty and sub-specialty disciplines. Health Humanities in Post-Graduate Medical Education will fill this gap in knowledge translation for the thousands of residency programs worldwide, allowing educators, supervisors, and residents themselves to create robust and educationally sound workshops, seminars, study groups, lecture series, research and arts-based projects, publications and events.

This book explores and offers solutions to critical issues in graduate medical education, including how students are taught and evaluated and how their educational programs are funded. It will be key reading for medical educators, policy makers and all individuals and organizations with an interest in medical education.