Functional Safety From Scratch

Functional safety is the task of developing and implementing automatic safety systems used to manage risks in many industries where hazardous processes and machinery are used. Functional Safety from Scratch: A Practical Guide to Process Industry Applications provides a practical guide to functional safety, as applied in the chemical process industry, including the oil and gas, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and energy sectors. Written by a seasoned professional with many years of functional safety experience, this book explains the purpose of the relevant international standard IEC 61511 and how to achieve compliance efficiently. It provides in-depth coverage of the entire lifecycle of a functional safety system, assuming no prior knowledge of functional safety and only a basic understanding of process safety concepts. SIL assessment, the functional safety management plan, the safety requirements specification, verification, validation and functional safety assessment are covered in particular detail. Functional Safety from Scratch: A Practical Guide to Process Industry Applications is a highly practical source for process and instrumentation engineers, engineering managers and consultants, whether new to the field or already experienced. Focuses on the ‘how to’ aspects of functional safety Provides detailed explanation and guidance on how to develop the safety requirements specification Includes extensive coverage of safety lifecycle verification, SIS validation, and functional safety assessment Provides numerous practical exercises to confirm understanding and promote further thought Includes tips for those preparing for functional safety examinations Oriented towards an international audience, especially those for whom English is not their first language

Worked examples calculations and exercises in Functional Safety as applied in the Process Industry. This book is aimed at Functional Safety Engineers who wish to improve their understanding of risk and reliability calculations. Examples have been created in the calculation of various risk and reliability scenarios. Answers are also provided to enable the student to confirm understanding and consolidate knowledge. This book may be a useful revision aid to those studying for the TUV Functional Safety Engineer (Safety Instrumented System) examination. This book should be used alongside recommended pre-reading: Functional Safety in the Process Industry: A handbook of practical guidance in the application of IEC61511 and ANSI/ISA-84.00.01. KJ Kirkcaldy and D Chauhan ISBN 978-1-291-18723-6."

Electrical, electronic and programmable electronic systems, such as emergency shut down systems and railway signalling systems, increasingly carry out safety functions to guard workers and the public against injury or death and the environment against pollution. The international standard IEC 61508 has been developed as a generic standard that applies to all these systems irrespective of their application. IEC 61508 is seen by many professionals as complex. This book overcomes that complexity by introducing the standard in the context of safety in general before moving on to provide practical advice about implementing it and obtaining certification. It also explains how IEC 61508 relates to second tier standards and related guidance, such as IEC 61511, 61513, UKOOA, ISA S84.01 and DIN standards, among others. Throughout the text, the authors illustrate their explanations with examples to which the answers are supplied in the appendix. Four case studies with further exercises set the information in context. Templates and checklists for drawing up your own implementation plan and information on self-certification are also provided. As Functional Safety, the standard, is applicable to many industries, Functional Safety, the book, in its previous edition has proved to be an invaluable reference for professionals from a variety of industries, such as project/instrumentation/design/control engineers as well as safety professionals in oil and gas, chemical, rail, power generation, nuclear, aircraft, and automotive industries. The new edition includes a new chapter on IEC 61511, the process sector standard, published since the first edition. The text has been updated throughout in light of the authors’ recent experience and two case studies have been added. Dr. David J Smith, BSc, PhD, CEng, FIEE, HonFSaRS, FIQA, MIGasE, has been directly concerned with reliability, safety and software quality for 30 years. He has written a number of books on the subject as well as numerous papers. His PhD thesis was on the subject of reliability prediction accuracy and common cause failure. He chairs the IGasE panel which develops its guidelines on safety-related systems (now in its third edition). He has also made contributions to IEC 61508. Kenneth G. L. Simpson, MPhil, FIEE, FInstMC, MIGasE, has been associated with safety-related systems design and also with their assessment for 25 years. He is a member of the IEC 61508 drafting committee and also of the I Gas E panel which writes the gas industry guidance. Following a career in aerospace, Ken has spent 20 years in the control system industry and is a Director of Silvertech International plc, a leading designer of safety and control systems. He has written a number of papers on the topic and gives frequent talks.

Will Functional safety deliverables need to be tested and, if so, by whom? Is there a Functional safety management charter, including business case, problem and goal statements, scope, milestones, roles and responsibilities, communication plan? How is the value delivered by Functional safety being measured? What potential environmental factors impact the Functional safety effort? What tools do you use once you have decided on a Functional safety strategy and more importantly how do you choose? Defining, designing, creating, and implementing a process to solve a business challenge or meet a business objective is the most valuable role... In EVERY company, organization and department. Unless you are talking a one-time, single-use project within a business, there should be a process. Whether that process is managed and implemented by humans, AI, or a combination of the two, it needs to be designed by someone with a complex enough perspective to ask the right questions. Someone capable of asking the right questions and step back and say, 'What are we really trying to accomplish here? And is there a different way to look at it?' For more than twenty years, The Art of Service's Self-Assessments empower people who can do just that - whether their title is marketer, entrepreneur, manager, salesperson, consultant, business process manager, executive assistant, IT Manager, CxO etc... - they are the people who rule the future. They are people who watch the process as it happens, and ask the right questions to make the process work better. This book is for managers, advisors, consultants, specialists, professionals and anyone interested in Functional safety assessment. Featuring 608 new and updated case-based questions, organized into seven core areas of process design, this Self-Assessment will help you identify areas in which Functional safety improvements can be made. In using the questions you will be better able to: - diagnose Functional safety projects, initiatives, organizations, businesses and processes using accepted diagnostic standards and practices - implement evidence-based best practice strategies aligned with overall goals - integrate recent advances in Functional safety and process design strategies into practice according to best practice guidelines Using a Self-Assessment tool known as the Functional safety Scorecard, you will develop a clear picture of which Functional safety areas need attention. Included with your purchase of the book is the Functional safety Self-Assessment downloadable resource, containing all 608 questions and Self-Assessment areas of this book. This helps with ease of (re-)use and enables you to import the questions in your preferred Management or Survey Tool. Access instructions can be found in the book. You are free to use the Self-Assessment contents in your presentations and materials for customers without asking us - we are here to help. The Art of Service has helped hundreds of clients to improve execution and meet the needs of customers better by applying business process redesign. Typically, our work generates cost savings of 20 percent to 30 percent of the addressable cost base, but its real advantages are reduced cycle times and increased quality and customer satisfaction. How Can we help you? To discuss how our team can help your business achieve true results, please visit http://store.theartofservice.com/contact-us/

Does Functional safety create potential expectations in other areas that need to be recognized and considered? What other jobs or tasks affect the performance of the steps in the Functional safety process? Why are Functional safety skills important? Is a fully trained team formed, supported, and committed to work on the Functional safety improvements? How does Functional safety integrate with other business initiatives? Defining, designing, creating, and implementing a process to solve a business challenge or meet a business objective is the most valuable role... In EVERY company, organization and department. Unless you are talking a one-time, single-use project within a business, there should be a process. Whether that process is managed and implemented by humans, AI, or a combination of the two, it needs to be designed by someone with a complex enough perspective to ask the right questions. Someone capable of asking the right questions and step back and say, 'What are we really trying to accomplish here? And is there a different way to look at it?' This Self-Assessment empowers people to do just that - whether their title is entrepreneur, manager, consultant, (Vice-)President, CxO etc... - they are the people who rule the future. They are the person who asks the right questions to make Functional safety investments work better. This Functional safety All-Inclusive Self-Assessment enables You to be that person. All the tools you need to an in-depth Functional safety Self-Assessment. Featuring 726 new and updated case-based questions, organized into seven core areas of process design, this Self-Assessment will help you identify areas in which Functional safety improvements can be made. In using the questions you will be better able to: - diagnose Functional safety projects, initiatives, organizations, businesses and processes using accepted diagnostic standards and practices - implement evidence-based best practice strategies aligned with overall goals - integrate recent advances in Functional safety and process design strategies into practice according to best practice guidelines Using a Self-Assessment tool known as the Functional safety Scorecard, you will develop a clear picture of which Functional safety areas need attention. Your purchase includes access details to the Functional safety self-assessment dashboard download which gives you your dynamically prioritized projects-ready tool and shows your organization exactly what to do next. Your exclusive instant access details can be found in your book.

The need to specify quantitative safety targets for overall systems, and for their separate protection sub-systems, has grown rapidly over the last ten years. This feature has become known as Functional Safety and numerous standards and guidelines have emerged, most of which incorporate the idea of safety-integrity levels (SILs). The quantified target (either a failure rate or a probability of failure on demand) determines which of four target SILs is called for. The higher the SIL then the more onerous the qualitative requirements to be observed during the life-cycle. Thus safety-integrity is addressed from two points of view: Meeting the numerical failure rate target Meeting the qualitative requirements for the SIL in question The IEC Standard 61508, Functional Safety, has become the umbrella document under which most other guidelines are now regarded as "2nd tier guidance." Functional Safety: A Straightforward Guide to IEC 61508 and Related Standards is based primarily on understanding that standard and provides a straightforward guide to the essentials. Dr David J Smith BSc, PhD, CEng, FIEE, HonFSaRS, FIQA, MIGasE has been directly concerned with reliability, safety and software quality for 30 years. He has written a number of books on the subject as well as numerous papers. His PhD thesis was on the subject of reliability prediction accuracy and common cause failure. He chairs the IGasE panel which develops its guidelines on safety-related systems (now in its third edition). He has also made contributions to IEC 61508. Kenneth G L Simpson MPhil, FIEE, FInstMC, MIGasE has been associated with safety-related systems design and also with their assessment for 25 years. He is a member of the IEC 61508 drafting committee and also of the I Gas E panel which writes the gas industry guidance. Following a career in aerospace, Ken has spent 20 years in the control system industry and is a Director of Silvertech International plc, a leading designer of safety and control systems. He has written a number of papers on the topic and gives frequent talks. Explains the practical and management issues raised by the important new international standard for safety-critical systems Guidance on self-assessment could save you thousands in consultancy fees

Safety Critical Systems Handbook: A Straightfoward Guide to Functional Safety, IEC 61508 (2010 Edition) and Related Standards, Including Process IEC 61511 and Machinery IEC 62061 AND ISO 13849, Third Edition, offers a practical guide to the functional safety standard IEC 61508. The book is organized into three parts. Part A discusses the concept of functional safety and the need to express targets by means of safety integrity levels. It places functional safety in context, along with risk assessment, likelihood of fatality, and the cost of conformance. It also explains the life-cycle approach, together with the basic outline of IEC 61508 (known as BS EN 61508 in the UK). Part B discusses functional safety standards for the process, oil, and gas industries; the machinery sector; and other industries such as rail, automotive, avionics, and medical electrical equipment. Part C presents case studies in the form of exercises and examples. These studies cover SIL targeting for a pressure let-down system, burner control system assessment, SIL targeting, a hypothetical proposal for a rail-train braking system, and hydroelectric dam and tidal gates. The only comprehensive guide to IEC 61508, updated to cover the 2010 amendments, that will ensure engineers are compliant with the latest process safety systems design and operation standards Helps readers understand the process required to apply safety critical systems standards Real-world approach helps users to interpret the standard, with case studies and best practice design examples throughout

Picture this scenario: You're cruising down the highway, your hands lightly gripping the steering wheel, and your mind wandering in the symphony of your favorite songs. The sun's golden rays bathe your vehicle in warmth, creating the perfect driving experience. Yet, beneath this serene surface, a complex network of systems is diligently at work to ensure your safety. The brakes are ready to respond to your slightest command; airbags stand ready to deploy in milliseconds if the unexpected happens; and the engine hums along, reliably transporting you to your destination. This harmony, this dance of safety and technology, is precisely what functional safety in the automotive industry is all about. Functional safety is not an optional accessory; it's the foundation upon which the entire automotive world rests. The vehicles we drive today are marvels of modern engineering, packed with intricate electronics and software that optimize performance, enhance comfort, and increase fuel efficiency. However, this evolution brings an indispensable responsibility - ensuring that these sophisticated systems do not compromise our safety. This is where functional safety takes center stage.

About This Book If you want to achieve functional safety on a project, technically, the hardware and software must be SIL-compliant. But how do you achieve that? With functional safety management. FSM is at the heart of all SIL projects. If you understand FSM and you apply it correctly, every project will achieve compliance and, thus, SIL. In this book, the author explains the five core concepts that are at the basis of achieving functional safety. If you master these five concepts, your SIL projects will: - Will be completed faster. - Will be completed within budget. - Lead to profitable products and services. - Have more competent employees. Functional safety management is a requirement in all functional safety standards. Your product, service, solution, operation, maintenance and repair depend on it. You could not claim compliance with the standards if you did not implement functional safety management. Yet many companies do. This is no problem as long as no accidents happen. Table of Contents Terms and Definitions 9 Preface 11 Introduction 13 Who is this book for? 13 Functional safety management as a strategy 14 Laws, standards and functional safety management 16 How to Read This Book 17 What is functional safety? 21 Three types of failures 22 What it means to be functionally safe 24 Measuring functional safety 25 What does functional safety mean in practice? 26 Functional safety management 29 Why do we need functional safety management? 29 Innovation is not our problem, (lack of) management is 34 QM, PM, and now FSM? 35 History of functional safety management 37 Objectives of functional safety management 43 Who implements functional safety management? 43 Who manages functional safety management? 44 Five Core Functional Safety Management Concepts 46 Core concept #1 - Safety Life Cycle 48 Companies often have no clue 48 A safety life Cycle Is a management tool 49 Focus the work 50 One safety life cycle Template 55 Example Safety life cycle phase - Safety requirements specification 56 The Safety life cycle as a Planning and Management tool 60 The IEC 61508 overall life cycle explained 62 A safety life cycle for every stakeholder 70 Examples of Different safety life cycle models 72 What (Functional Safety) managers need to know about safety life cycles 79 What professionals need to know 81 Core concept #2 - Competency 82 Smart but incompetent is Lethal combination 82 Work needs to be carried out by competent professionals 84 Competence versus competency 85 Four pillars of competency 86 Who should be competent in what? 91 Proving competency 93 Roles and Role Definitions 96 Certification of people 99 Safety passport® 112 What managers need to know 114 What Professionals need to know 116 Core concepts #3 Verification, Validation, Assessment & Audit 118 Testing made the difference 118 Competent professionals can make mistakes 120 Verification 121 Verification Report 128 What managers need to know 129 What Professionals need to know 130 Validation 131 Validation Test Report 137 Verification versus validation 139 What managers need to know 140 What professionals need to know 141 Assessment 142 Assessment Report 145 What managers need to know 147 What professionals need to know 148 Audits 149 The functional safety audit report 154 No assessments in the operational phase? 155 What managers need to know 155 What professionals need to know 157 Core concept #4 - Documentation 159 Documentation matters 159 Documentation, the necessary evil 162 Keep in mind 166 Quality matters, not quantity 168 Technically correct and formally correct 169 What managers need to know 170 What Professionals need to know 172 Core concept #5 - Procedures 173 Procedures can make you or Break you 173 Phase One Functional Safety Management System 175 Competency Procedure 176 Supplier procedure 178 Tools procedure 180 Configuration Management procedure 182 Modification procedure 185 Communication Procedure 191 Phase Two Functional safety management System 193 What managers need to know 195 What Professionals need to know 197 What is next? 198 About The Author 203