Encyclopedia Of Western Colonialism Since 1450 F O

Provides students and researchers with a much-needed, comprehensive resource on the subject of colonialism and expansion. From a global perspective, the set traces many facets of colonial growth and imperialism, and much more.

Over four hundred signed articles discussing Western colonialism cover such aspects as economic concepts and ideas, explorations and migrations, industries, organizations and institutions, people and peoples, religions, scientific and cultural practices, and wars and conflicts.

Provides students and researchers with a much-needed, comprehensive resource on the subject of colonialism and expansion. From a global perspective, the set traces many facets of colonial growth and imperialism, and much more.

Provides students and researchers with a much-needed, comprehensive resource on the subject of colonialism and expansion. From a global perspective, the set traces many facets of colonial growth and imperialism, and much more.

This book is much directed to accomplish the readers demand, in particular the students, for advanced level (i.e. high schools and colleges) on African history from the past to the present. It covers the period from the tenth century to the present. It includes the development of precolonial African societies; Africans during the European mercantile time, focusing on similarities and factors for disparities on advancement; and lives of black people in the New World since they arrived as slaves and their contribution on American civilization and development. European colonialism in the second half of the nineteenth century is another important historical era that shaped Africa. As Europe and America advanced into imperialism and neocolonialism, the developing countries in the southern hemisphere still stood in dilemma. A Revised History for Advanced Level & Colleges: Part One justifies and revises important areas, which had been less mentioned or left out by other authors in writing history texts for high schools and colleges. It is made up with eight chapters. The first is Precolonial Africa, then Africa and Europe by AD 1500 revises the level of development between Africa and Europe. Next is People of African Origin in the New World and the Diaspora. Chapter 4, From Colonialism to the First World War, revises the colonial state; its theories of colonial bureaucracy; character, functions, and implication on Africans; agricultural systems; and the World War I while chapter 5 represents the colonial economy and social services after World War II. Chapter 6, The Influence of External Forces, Rise of Nationalism, and the Struggle for Independence, focuses on external factors for decolonization. Chapter 7 is Political and Economic Development in Africa since Independence. Finally, chapter 8 is Sample Questions for Final Examinations and Trials at Schools and Colleges.

A renowned computer scientist seeks the unique human quality that will prevail against artificial intelligence. The greatest fear of AI is not that it rules out digital lives but that it displaces human intelligence entirely. If artificial intelligence takes over decision-making what, then, is unique and irreplaceable about human intelligence? The Atomic Human is a journey of discovery to the core of what it is to be human, in search of the qualities that cannot be replaced by the machine. Neil Lawrence brings a timely, fresh perspective to this new, emerging era, recounting his personal journey to understand the riddle of intelligence. By understanding the essential element of what makes us human—the “atomic human”—Lawrence shows how AI can enable us to choose the future we want. Lawrence persuasively shows that we can only control AI and decide what is right for society by understanding our intelligence and contrasting it against the new intelligence we are creating—an intelligence he describes as “helpless” without humans, even if unchecked it has the power to do great damage. By contrasting our own intelligence with the capabilities of machine intelligence through history, The Atomic Human reveals the technical origins, capabilities, and limitations of AI systems, and how they should be wielded. Not just by the experts, but ordinary people.

This first comprehensive study of the Nigeria-Biafra War (1967-1970) through the lens of gender explores the valiant and gallant ways women carried out old and new responsibilities in wartime and immediate postwar Nigeria. The book presents women as embodiments of vulnerability and agency, who demonstrated remarkable resilience and initiative, waging war on all fronts in the face of precarious conditions and scarcities, and maximizing opportunities occasioned by the hostilities. Women’s experiences are highlighted through critical analyses of oral interviews, memoirs, life histories, fashion and material culture, international legal conventions, music, as well as governmental and non-governmental sources. The book fills the gap in the war scholarship that has minimized women’s complex experiences fifty years after the hostilities ended. It highlights the cost of the conflict on Nigerian women, their participation in the hostilities, and their contributions to the survival of families, communities and the country. The chapters present counter-narratives to fictional and nonfictional accounts of the war, especially those written by men, which often peripheralize or stereotypically represent women as passive spectators or helpless victims of the conflict; and also highlight and exaggerate women’s moral laxity and sensationalize their marital infidelities.