Does Ownership Structure Affect Corporate Performance Evidence From The Divestiture Market

This paper examines the effect of ownership structure on the market assessment of asset sales. Three types of ownership structures are identified: large block outside, inside, and widely held. Empirical results indicate that firms with large block outside shareholders experience significantly positive announcement effects for both buying and selling firm samples. These are significantly greater than those for the inside shareholder and large widely held firms. This paper also examines whether ownership structure of the firm being transacted with and disclosure of the price of the transaction has an effect on the market assessment of the deal.lease enter abstract text here.

Miriam Flickinger investigates the stock market reaction to divestiture announcements from an institutionally-based perspective. Using meta-analytic procedures, the author extends the present financially dominated understanding of divestiture performance implications. She shows that divestitures are socially embedded when the value of a firm’s divestiture depends on the prevailing institutional logics within the business society.

This study investigates the impact of ownership structure (mix and concentrate) on a company's performance and failure in a panel estimation using 167 Jordanian companies during 1989-2006. The empirical evidence in this paper shows that ownership structure and ownership concentration play an important role in the performance and value of Jordanian firms. It shows that inefficiency is related to ownership concentration and to institutional ownership. A negative correlation between ownership concentration and firm's performance both, ROA and Tobin's Q, is found, while there is a positive impact on firm performance MBVR. The research also found that there is a significant negative relationship between government ownership and a firm's accounting performance, while the other ownership structure mixes have significant coefficients only in Tobin's Q using the matched sample. Firm's profitability ROA was negatively and significantly correlated with the fraction of institutional ownership, and positively and significantly related to the market performance measure, MBVR. The result is robust when indicators of both concentration and ownership mix are included in the regressions. The results of this study are, to some extent, inconsistent with previous findings.This paper also used ownership structure to predict the corporate failure. The results suggest that government ownership is negatively related to the likelihood of default. Government ownership decreases the likelihood of default, but has a negative impact on a firm's performance. The results suggest that, in order to increase a firm's performance and decrease the likelihood of default, it is reasonable to reduce government ownership to some extent. Furthermore, a certain degree of ownership concentration is needed to increase the firm's performance and to decrease the firm's chance of default.

We use new firm-level data to examine the effects of firm divestitures and privatization on corporate performance in a rapidly emerging market economy. Unlike the existing literature, we control for accompanying ownership changes and the fact that divestitures and ownership are potentially endogenous variables. We find that divestitures increase the firm's profitability but do not alter its scale of operations, while the effect of privatization depends on the resulting ownership structure sometimes improving performance and sometimes bringing about decline. The effects of privatization are thus more nuanced than suggested in earlier studies. Methodologically, our study provides evidence that it is important to control for changes in ownership when analyzing divestitures and to control for endogeneity, selection and data attrition when analyzing the effects of divestitures and privatization.

Diploma Thesis from the year 2003 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,1 (A), European Business School - International University Schlo Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel (Endowed-Chairf for Corporate Finance and Capital Markets), language: English, abstract: The idea that the general characteristics of a firm's ownership structure can affect performance has achieved considerable attention and related research brought forward relatively consistent empirical evidence e.g. on the positive impact of managerial ownership on firm performance. However, the evidence on the relation between ownership and capital structure is less consistent and numerous, although there are good reasons to believe that there may be such a relationship. Since the capital structure irrelevance propositions of MODIGLIANI/MILLER economists have devoted considerable time to studying cross-sectional and time-series variations in capital structure. More recent work following the seminal contribution by JENSEN/MECKLING has employed an agency theory perspective in the search for an explanation of capital structure variations. With this managerial perspective capital structure is not only explained by variations in internal and external contextual factors of the firm, but also by the values, goals, preferences and desires of managers. Corporate financing decisions are influenced by managers' incentives and the incentives for managers to act opportunistically can be influenced by the ownership structure of the firm. However, most empirical work analyzing a firm's capital structure in cross-sectional and time-series studies ignores the equity ownership structure as a possible explanatory variable. This can be partly explained by problems associated with the availability of ownership data, when compared to readily available accounting and market data on other relevant variables. Notwithstanding, it entails a problem of model misspecification as omitting a relevant variable

Corporate governance addresses the checks and balances placed in the system to prevent abuse of power. Such power may reside in a Chief Executive Officer, if ownership of a company is widely dispersed (as in the case of US or UK) or it may rest in the hands of an individual or a group(s) with controlling shareholding as more happens in markets dominated by family ownership. Thus, who owns the firm's equity and how does ownership affect firm value has been a topic investigated by researchers for decades. Thus, the impact of ownership structure on firm performance has been widely tackled in various developed markets and more recently in emerging markets, but was not addressed before, in Egypt. The paper aims to explore if there are dominant certain types of owners of actively listed and traded companies on Cairo amp; Alexandria Stock Exchanges. Further, it investigates whether the ownership type affects some key accounting and market performance indicators of listed firms. The 90 most actively listed companies on CASE, that constitute the bulk of trading, were chosen to constitute the sample of the study as of end of 2000. The findings indicate the presence of highly concentrated ownership structure in the Egyptian market. The results of the regression analyses indicate that the dispersed ownership percentage influences certain dimensions of accounting performance indicators (i.e. ROA and ROE) but not stock market performance indicators (i.e. P/E and P/BV ratios), which indicate that there might be other factors (economic, political, contextual) affecting firms performance other than ownership structure, which supports the findings of Heracleous (2001) that researches must develop methodologies that can account for multiple, systemic and multi-directional influences on firm performance and avoid models that attempt to correlate only one element such as ownership structure with firm performance.

Divestitures have the potential to create shareholder value by helping firms optimize their portfolio of assets. Even so, firms do not necessarily take up divestitures because of agency problems. In fact, large controlling shareholders may prefer to extract private benefits of control at the expense of minority shareholders. In addition, divestitures may expose the misappropriation of corporate resources. In this paper, we explore the role that other blockholders play in constraining the largest shareholder's influence. The results indicate that divestiture activity decreases with the ownership of the largest shareholder, which imposes a cost to minority shareholders since the firm's value is not maximized. The presence of another significant blockholder appears to curb this negative bias towards divestitures. This finding provides an economic rationale for the higher performance of firms characterized by more balanced ownership structures. Involvement of family owners also appears to provide similar benefits.

This study investigates the effects of ownership structure on the performance of the listed companies in BorsaIstanbul Stock Exchange 30 Firms (BIST 30). The main hypothesis of our study is that there is a significant relationship between companies' performances and their ownership structures. The statistical population includes 19 non-financial companies in the period of years between 2008 and 2013. The results show that, the concentration of the large shares of companies one or a few shareholders has a negative effect on related firm's performance.

This study deals with ownership concentration and mix and shows their effects on financial and market performance of firm. The analysis is performed on the data from listed companies of Karachi Stock Exchange of Pakistan. By using OLS regression model and descriptive statistics, firstly it is found that ownership concentration has positive but insignificant effect on financial performance of firms, whereas it has negative and significant effect on the market performance of firms. Secondly, It is revealed that the fraction of state ownership, legal person ownership and the individual person ownership is irrelevant to the firm performance as all has the same effects.

Do corporate governance practices affect firm performance? Are shareholders willing to pay a premium for higher governance standards? How does the ownership structure of a firm affect its corporate governance practices and firm performance? This book investigates whether differences in the quality of firm-level corporate governance affects firm performance. Constructing a broad corporate governance index for listed Turkish companies, it is documented that there is a positive relationship between governance scores and Tobin's Q as a measure for firm performance. Firms with better corporate governance scores in the model used in this book have higher firm values, which implies that firms can increase shareholder value by restructuring their corporate governance standards. The analysis also sheds light on the impact of ownership structure on stock performance. Listed companies withhigher corporate governance scores and higher foreign ownership ratios experienced a smaller reduction in their share prices during the equity market crash in Turkey parallel to the global equity markets between 2008 and 2009.