Canine Parvovirus A New Pathogen

Canine parvovirus (CPV), a new virus of the Canidae first appeared during the 1970s, but disease caused by this virus was not reported until 1978. Then within a few months the virus crossed national and continental boundaries causing high fatality in domestic dog populations. A similar pattern of transmission was seen in sylvatic canines but infection was largely subclinical. Between 1979 and 1981 CPV was replaced worldwide by an antigenic variant designated CPV-2a. The epidemiological advantage of this variant over CPV is not understood. CPV is a new pathogen of dogs that has attracted an impressive body of research. However aspects of the biology of this virus remain unclear, not least of which is the questionof its possible origin. This book presents an up to date and comprehensive review of the natural history of CPV and its control by prophylactic vaccination. Particular attention is paid to the techniques used to examine the relationship between CPV and other parvoviruses. CPV is thought to be a variant of the virulent cat virus FPV (feline parvovirus) and at least one other variant is known MEV (mink enteritis virus). Theories on the genesis of CPV are discussed. An attempt to correlate the evidence and an hypothetical mechanism by which such a variant could have been selected is offered. This hypothesis is complemented by serological evidenceof CPV seroconversion in clinically normal dogs some years prior to the virulent pandemic. Many animal parvoviruses are known and in 1989/1990, no less than 6 new viruses were described. CPV may have arisen from an FPV vaccine strain. The use of modified live vaccines for the control of these viruses is questioned and alternative strategies discussed. A consise chapter on human parvoviruses describes the ever increasing role of B19 in human disease, including that of an opportunistic pathogen in AIDS patients.

Canine and Feline Infectious Diseases is a practical, up-to-date resource covering the most important and cutting-edge advances in the field. Presented by a seasoned educator in a concise, highly visual format, this innovative guide keeps you current with the latest advances in this ever-changing field. 80 case studies illustrate the clinical relevance of the major infectious disease chapters. Well-organized Major Infectious Diseases chapters break down content by etiologic agent and epidemiology, clinical signs and their pathophysiology, physical examination findings, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, immunity, prevention, and public health implications. Over 80 case studies illustrate how the information provided can be applied in everyday practice. Logical approach to laboratory diagnosis guides you through all the steps needed to accurately diagnose and treat viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal, and algal diseases. Practical protocols provided by expert clinicians guide you in the management of canine and feline patients suspected to have infectious diseases, including handling, disinfection, isolation, and vaccination protocols. Over 500 full color images – geographic distribution maps, life cycle drawings, and hundreds of color photographs – visually illustrate and clarify complex issues. Easy-to-understand tables and boxes make content quickly accessible, eliminating the need to sort through dense text for critical information in the clinical setting.

Viruses in the Parvoviridae family constitute one of the most diverse and intriguing fields of research. While they all share an ssDNA genome and a small capsid, they can differ widely in structure, genome organization and expression, virus–cell interaction, and impact on the host. Exploring such diversity and unraveling the inherent complexity in these apparently simple viruses is an ongoing endeavor and commitment for the scientific community. The translational implications of research on parvoviruses are relevant. Within the family, some viruses are important human and veterinary pathogens, in need of diagnostic methods and antiviral strategies; other viruses have long been studied and engineered as tools for oncolytic therapy, or as sophisticated gene delivery vectors, and can now display their wide and expanding applicative potential. This Special Issue of Viruses collects recent contributions in the field of parvovirus research, with a focus on new insights and research on unresolved issues, as well as new approaches exploiting systemic methodologies. Evolution, structural biology, viral replication, virus–host interaction, pathogenesis and immunity, and viral oncotherapy are a selection of the topics addressed in the issue that can be of relevance to the community involved in parvovirus research and of interest to a wider audience.

The Parvoviridae have been of increasing interest to reseachers in the past decade. Their small size and simple structure have made them ame nable to detailed physiochemical analysis, and from this work relatively detailed information has resulted that has signficantly increased our un derstanding of the biology of these viruses. It has become clear that the Parvoviridae are of interest not only for their own sake, but also because their relative simplicity renders them useful probes in the study of the biology of host cells and of other DNA viruses with which they interact. The Dependovirus genus, for instance, contains the defective adeno-as sociated viruses (AA V), which require a coinfection with either an ad enovirus or a herpesvirus for productive multiplication. Studies of AA V, therefore, necessarily impinge on our understanding of the control of macromolecular synthesis by the helper virus. Similarly AA V has been reported to inhibit the oncogenicity of both adeno-and herpesviruses and has been used as a probe of mechanism in these instances as well. Finally, AA V establishes latent infections in vivo and is the only mammalian DNA virus where a comparable model system has been established in cell culture. This system has allowed study of the mechanism of latent infection at the molecular level."

Infectious Disease Management in Animal Shelters is a comprehensive guide to preventing, managing, and treating disease outbreaks in shelters. Emphasizing strategies for the prevention of illness and mitigation of disease, this book provides detailed, practical information regarding fundamental principles of disease control and specific management of important diseases affecting dogs and cats in group living environments. Taking an in-depth, population health approach, the text presents information to aid in the fight against the most significant and costly health issues in shelter care facilities.

A practical reference for the general veterinary clinician, Small Animal Pediatrics: The First 12 Months of Life compiles into a single location the latest information in the rapidly developing field of canine and feline pediatrics. Editors Michael Peterson, DVM, MS, and Michelle Kutzler, DVM, PhD, DACT are joined by more than 40 expert contributors in providing coverage from prenatal care to one year of age. For ease of use, the text is divided into four sections. A General Considerations section opens the book by covering prenatal care of the bitch and queen, birth, normal physical examinations, growth, husbandry, nutrition, care of orphans, neonatal mortality, behavior, emergency and critical care, and immunology. The second section, Common Infectious Diseases, covers bacterial, viral, fungal, rickettsial, and parasitic infections. The third section describes diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the young patient including radiology, ultrasound, aesthetic and surgical considerations, pain management, pharmacology, and clinical pathology. Finally, the fourth section covers a variety of organ systems with discussions on normal development, congenital conditions, and acquired diseases. The text also includes information that is usually difficult to find, including a pediatric formulary, care of orphan puppies, clinical pathology values, prenatal care, and normal growth and development guidelines. This book will be a significant asset to any veterinary library! Offers a practical, clinically oriented resource for the unique diagnostic and treatment challenges posed by pediatric and juvenile animal patients. Includes comprehensive coverage of all special problems encountered in pet management from birth through the first 12 months of life. Provides clear, step-by-step guidelines for important clinical procedures and techniques for the most vulnerable of small animal patients. Covers procedures such as intraosseous catheterization and fluid therapy, venipuncture, and tube feeding. Includes guidelines for designing and implementing a successful pediatric wellness program tailored to your own practice. Discusses infectious diseases in young animals, zoonotic potential, and human public health concerns. Provides key new information on puppy and kitten behavioral development including guidance for prevention and intervention for problem behaviors, the leading cause of pet euthanasia. Includes guidelines for kennel and cattery health management as well as shelter medicine health considerations. Discusses controversial health and ethical issues in veterinary pediatrics, such as ear cropping, tail docking, declawing, and early spay/neuter surgery (including both pro and con positions). Includes the latest recommendations for nutritional care of healthy and "special needs" puppies and kittens as well as the post-parturient and nursing dam. Offers an easy-to-use, well-organized format for quick and easy access to the most relevant information.

There is a possibility that during a pet's lifetime, medication may be recommended to treat medical conditions or problems. This book Canine Medicine - Recent Topics and Advanced Research provides the knowledge in diagnosis and treatment of some important diseases and problems that the canines face. I believe that this book offers broader perspective to the readers in the recent advances in canine medicine, starting from recent topics to application in clinical diagnosis and therapeutics for practitioners and veterinarians. The main purpose of the book is to point out the interest of some important topics of canine medicine and the progress in this field and to clear its importance in veterinary medicine.

A comprehensive reference standard for the discipline, Canine and Feline Gastroenterology covers the biology, pathobiology, and diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary systems. An international team of experts, including 85 authors from 17 different countries, led by Robert Washabau and Michael Day, covers everything from minor problems such as adverse food reactions to debilitating inflammatory, infectious, metabolic, and neoplastic diseases of the digestive system. This authoritative text utilizes an evidence-based approach to reflect the latest science and research, complemented by principles of problem solving, algorithms to improve clinical diagnoses, and extensive full-color illustrations. For generalists and specialists alike, this gastroenterology reference should be part of every serious practitioner's professional library. A comprehensive, 928-page reference standard covers the discipline of canine and feline gastroenterology. An international focus is provided by 85 authors from 17 different countries, including renowned experts in veterinary gastroenterology, internal medicine, pathology, clinical pathology, radiology, and infectious disease. Coverage of the entire breadth and depth of gastroenterology ranges from biology to pathobiology, as well as diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary systems. Current information on GI microflora, immunology, cellular growth, and systems integration provides a foundation for treating clinical problems. Coverage of diseases in dogs and cats includes the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, colon, anorectum, liver and biliary tract, exocrine pancreas, peritoneum, and associated vasculature. A focus on patient management examines the full range of procedures and techniques essential to diagnosis and treatment from clinical signs and diagnosis to nutritional support and pharmacologic management of disease. Clear explanations of current diagnostic modalities include laboratory tests, molecular methods, diagnostic imaging, endoscopy, and histopathology, also showing how to interpret and utilize results. A strong clinical approach emphasizes need-to-know information for managing the common and not-so-common G.I. clinical problems of everyday practice. Full-color photographs and illustrations depict concepts, conditions, and procedures. An evidence-based medicine perspective reflects the latest research as well as the modern practice of veterinary medicine. Logical, coherent, and consistent internal organization makes this a reader-friendly edition. Problem-based algorithms help in diagnosing every G.I. clinical problem from A to Z. A stand-alone section on the pharmacologic approach to G.I. disease offers quick and easy drug reference.

New viral diseases are emerging continuously. Viruses adapt to new environments at astounding rates. Genetic variability of viruses jeopardizes vaccine efficacy. For many viruses mutants resistant to antiviral agents or host immune responses arise readily, for example, with HIV and influenza. These variations are all of utmost importance for human and animal health as they have prevented us from controlling these epidemic pathogens. This book focuses on the mechanisms that viruses use to evolve, survive and cause disease in their hosts. Covering human, animal, plant and bacterial viruses, it provides both the basic foundations for the evolutionary dynamics of viruses and specific examples of emerging diseases. NEW - methods to establish relationships among viruses and the mechanisms that affect virus evolution UNIQUE - combines theoretical concepts in evolution with detailed analyses of the evolution of important virus groups SPECIFIC - Bacterial, plant, animal and human viruses are compared regarding their interation with their hosts

This book covers all types of feline infectious diseases, including infections caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi. 199 clinical cases are presented randomly, as in practice, but the wide range of cases cover infectious diseases which affect all the organ systems of the cat. The illustrated clinical cases contain integrated questions a