Blockchain Based Systems For The Modern Energy Grid

Blockchain-Based Systems for a Paradigm Shift in the Energy Grid explores the technologies and tools to utilize blockchain for energy grids and assists professionals and researchers to find alternative solutions for the future of the energy sector. The focus of this globally edited book is on the application of blockchain technology and the balance between supply and demand for energy and where it is achievable. Looking at the integration of blockchain and how it will make the network resistant to any failure in sub-components, this book has very clearly explores the areas of energy sector that need in-depth study of Blockchain for expanding energy markets. Meeting the demands of energy by local trading, verifying use of green energy certificates and providing a greater understanding of smart energy grids and Blockchain use cases. Exhaustively exploring the use of Blockchain for energy, this reference useful for all those in the energy industry looking to avoid disruption in the grid and sustain and control successful flow of electricity. Methods and techniques of Blockchain-based trading and payments are included Provides process diagrams in techniques and balancing demand and supply Internet of Energy and its architecture for the future energy sector is explained

Blockchain-Based Smart Grids presents emerging applications of blockchain in electrical system and looks to future developments in the use of blockchain technology in the energy market. Rapid growth of renewable energy resources in power systems and significant developments in the telecommunication systems has resulted in new market designs being employed to cover unpredictable and distributed generation of electricity. This book considers the marriage of blockchain and grid modernization, and discusses the transaction shifts in smart grids, from centralized to peer-to-peer structures. In addition, it addresses the effective application of these structures to speed up processes, resulting in more flexible electricity systems. Aimed at moving towards blockchain-based smart grids with renewable applications, this book is useful to researchers and practitioners in all sectors of smart grids, including renewable energy providers, manufacturers and professionals involved in electricity generation from renewable sources, grid modernization and smart grid applications. Considers the current challenges facing smart grids and presents solutions on how blockchain technology could counter these issues Incorporates detailed applications of blockchain in smart grids based on dynamic research and developments Includes models, algorithms, and frameworks to practically demonstrate the uses of blockchain technology Written by a global group of authors for worldwide coverage

The volume contains peer-reviewed proceedings of EPREC 2021 with a focus on control applications in the modern power system. The book includes original research and case studies that present recent developments in the control system, especially load frequency control, wide-area monitoring, control & instrumentation, optimization, intelligent control, energy management system, SCADA systems, etc. The book will be a valuable reference guide for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in advancements in the control system.

This book discusses the main features, fundamental principles, and application areas of blockchain technology. It explains how this technology can contribute to the electricity market by enabling the implementation of new business models and new energy scenarios. The first chapter is an introductory section which covers the basic elements for framing the blockchain in the different application fields. The following chapters describe the various phases of the Italian electricity market and the players involved in each phase, the new business models and the main regulations; the features of blockchain that are useful for the energy system; and the integration of a blockchain platform for the execution of Demand Response events in an existing power grid. In the fifth chapter the results of the experimental implementation of the architecture described previously are presented, and in the final chapter the BloRin project is presented, which aims to create a blockchain-based platform for renewable energy deployment and energy exchange management. The volume targets graduate students, researchers and practitioners, and addresses the development of a new methodology for the implementation of energy services using blockchain technology, providing a guide in the blockchain area for the energy sector.

In order to meet global emissions targets, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) will have to be exploited. The subsequent decentralisation of the electrical grid, caused in large parts by residential rooftop Photovoltaic (PV) systems, in turn presents a challenge to existing infrastructure, markets, and business models. Households which only consumed electric energy can now invest into a private PV system and produce their own electricity, thus becoming prosumers. During the day prosumers can generate more electric energy than they consume, requiring them to feed the extra energy back into the grid. The concept of Local Energy Markets (LEMs) encompasses the peer-to-peer (P2P) exchange of energy between prosumers and neighbouring consumers and represents a novel remuneration model for investors in residential PV. The progressing roll-out of smart meters and the subsequent availability of high-frequent energy data holds the opportunity to realise new control schemes and business models for the smart grid. However, billing is still based on regular readouts, which are often done by hand, and data available from deployed smart meters is commonly restrictive, and suffers from infrequent collection, reduced sampling intervals, and limited value range. Blockchain-technology has gained popularity as the underpinning mechanism that has enabled the pseudonymous and decentralised electronic cash system Bitcoin. The technology has spurred the development of a whole ecosystem of blockchain platforms, which, as of August 2019, hold a market capitalisation over USD 200 billion in total. Blockchain-technology enables untrusted or semi-trusted parties to engage in transactions carrying financial value and arbitrary data, which can replace mediating third parties. Combining LEMs and blockchain-technology allows prosumers and consumers to trade energy directly without having to go through the authority of a utility company. The exchange of local energy based.

Emerging Transactive Energy Technology for the Future Modern Energy Networks looks at the importance of transactive energy technology in modern multi-carrier energy networks, exploring modeling and optimization and analyzing the necessity of transactive energy technology for future modern energy networks. Along with energy technology, the book covers applications of transactive energy technology, strategies in optimal operation of the hybrid energy networks, reliable and sustainable development of the modern energy networks, and design, integration and operation of a full level of renewable energy resources. This reference is intended for energy, power, mechanical and environmental engineers, researchers and postgraduate students who work in various types of energy systems. Discusses the application of transactive energy technology in modernizing future energy networks Investigates the optimal integration of 100% renewable energy resources in modern hybrid energy networks Provides a holistic, transactive energy-based framework for creating interoperability between multi-carrier energy networks

The Future of Human-Computer Integration: Industry 5.0 Technology, Tools, and Algorithms provides a valuable insight into how Industry 5.0 technologies, tools, and algorithms can revolutionise industries and drive innovation. By emphasising the convergence of computer technology and human interaction, readers will learn the concepts of Industry 5.0, from the fundamentals to advanced techniques, with real-world examples and case studies in different industry sectors. The authors equip readers with the knowledge to mitigate risks to ensure success in this complex human and computer synchronisation in the era of Industry 5.0. This collection of writings by experts in their respective fields invites readers to journey through the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. Practical insights are offered alongside cutting-edge applications, such as blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), QR code, and augmented reality (AR), as well as the consideration of privacy, trust, and authentication through digital signatures. Such technologies and applications hold much promise to revolutionise industries and drive innovation. Topics in this book include the role of AI in human-computer interaction, efficient asset management using blockchain, computational thinking in program development, synergy of 5G and IoT in healthcare services, advances in increasing data capacity of QR codes, and personalised user experience with augmented reality. The authors also consider the challenges, risks, and concerns of such technologies and their applications in Industry 5.0. This book comprehensively explores Industry 5.0 from a computer science perspective as it delves into the technology aspects and tools for Industry 5.0. It offers readers a detailed understanding of how computer science intersects with Industry 5.0, how to humanise it, and its application to industry. This book has been written for technology professionals and practitioners, especially ones in healthcare, smart systems, and the oil and gas sectors. It will serve as a useful reference for students studying such advanced courses as digital technology, digital transformation, emergent technologies, and innovation through new technologies.

IoT-Enabled Multi-Energy Systems: From Isolated Energy Grids to Modern Interconnected Networks proposes practical solutions for the management and control of energy interactions throughout the interconnected energy infrastructures of the future multi-energy grid. The book discusses a panorama of modeling, planning and optimization considerations for IoT technologies, their applications across grid modernization, and the coordinated operation of multi-vector energy grids. The work is suitable for energy, power, mechanical, chemical, process and environmental engineers, and highly relevant for researchers and postgraduate students who work on energy systems. Sections address core theoretical underpinnings, significant challenges and opportunities, how to support IoT-based developed expert systems, and how AI can empower IoT technologies to sustainably develop fully renewable modern multi-carrier energy networks. Contributors address artificial intelligence technology and its applications in developing IoT-based technologies, cloud-based intelligent energy management schemes, data science and multi-energy big data analysis, machine learning and deep learning techniques in multi-energy systems, and much more. Reviews core applications of IoT technologies in grid modernization of multi-energy networks Develops practical solutions for optimal integration of renewable energy resources in modern multi-vector energy networks Analyzes the reliable integration, sustainable operation and accurate planning of multi-carrier energy grids in highly penetrated stochastic energy resources

This book presents theoretical, technical, and practical information on the modernization of future energy networks. All the basic requirements covering concepts, modeling, optimizing, and analyzing of future energy grids with various energy carriers such as electricity, gas, heat, and water, as well as their markets and contracts, are explained in detail. The main focus of the book is on modernizing both the energy consumers and the energy producers and analyzing various aspects of grid modernization such as reliability, resiliency, stability, and security. Coverage includes advanced communication protocols and solution methods for the Internet of Energy (IoE) infrastructure and energy trading in future energy grids with high/full share of renewable energy resources (RERs) within the transactive energy (TE) paradigm. Probabilistic modeling and optimizing of modern grids will be evaluated using realistic case studies considering the economic aspects of multi-carrier energy markets. This book will be welcomed as an important resource by researchers and postgraduate students studying energy systems, as well as practicing engineers working on modernizing energy grids and the design, planning, scheduling, and operation of smart power systems. Proposes practical solutions for solving the challenges of modern multi-carrier energy grids; Examines various types of energy storage systems and distributed energy resources (DERs) with an emphasis on renewable energy resources (RERs); Provides comprehensive mathematical models for optimizing of future modern multi-carrier energy grids.

Energy systems are undergoing rapid changes to adapt to both increasing demand and growing penetration of embedded renewable generation. The Smart Grid, which integrates information and communication technologies into the grid infrastructure, is one possible solution to both needs. However, if the number of residential prosumers grows to a significant fraction of the total customer base, the current, centralized systems for managing energy markets and operations will be insufficient. New, distributed systems will be needed instead. Blockchains, which are a peer-to-peer (P2P) decentralized ledger technology, and smart contracts built upon them, appear to be a promising approach to designing these systems. This is a fairly new area of investigation, and the literature to date is largely fragmented. Hence, in the first part of this thesis, we conduct a systematic review of distributed energy management through blockchain technology, focusing on smart contract design and development. We categorize the application domains into four main fields, including market operations, ancillary services, auditing and monitoring, and cybersecurity. We determined that data storage and blockchain interoperability are cross-cutting concerns in all of these areas, and we examined solutions for them. Renewable energy sources in the energy system produce power intermittently, depending on weather conditions. This raises new challenges in the management and operation of electricity system, as intermittency negatively impacts the existing control measures used to ensure safe operation and stability. Furthermore, the future energy market may well include tens or hundreds of thousands of individual actors in the markets that will sell power from renewable and micro-generation. All these complexities and challenges in the grid are putting increasing pressure on the monitoring and control systems, in particular voltage stability control. Hence, decentralized voltage stability algorithms are receiving considerable attention. This class of algorithm principally operates on localized voltage measurements but still ensures system-level stability. Several studies have used blockchains to provide ancillary services by tracking and managing energy distribution or organizing some distributed energy resources. However, the performance of blockchain-based systems in real-time grid monitoring and control has never been empirically tested. In the second part of this thesis, we propose implementing a decentralized voltage stability algorithm, using blockchain-based smart contracts, as a testbed for evaluating the performance of blockchains in real-time control. We furthermore investigate sharding mechanisms as a means of improving the system's scalability with fixed computing resources. We implement our models as a proof-of-concept prototype system using Hyperledger Fabric as our blockchain platform, the Matpower library in MATLAB as our power system simulator, and Hyperledger Caliper as our performance evaluation tool. We found that sharding does indeed lead to a substantial improvement in system scalability for this domain, measured by both transaction success rates and transaction latency.