Basic Hydrogeologic Methods

The approach of this book is how-to-do and hands-on. Its purpose is to provide clear, step-by-step instruction in many of the fundamental methods of hydrogeologic investigation. These methods include both 1) the traditional techniques of data analysis, such as mathematical computation by electronic calculator and construction of graphs by hand-plotting, and 2) microcomputer techniques employing electronic spreadsheets, graphing and gridding and contouring software. The microcomputer methods employ commercial software such as Lotus 1-2-3. Microsoft Excel, Quattro-Pro, Golden Software's Grapher and Surfer, and Geraghty and Miller's AQTESOLV. Although familiarity with any of the applications is helpful, the instructions in this manual assume no prior experience with them. Basic Hydrogeologic Methods is divided into three sections: Groundwater Occurrence and Movement, Groundwater Investigations, and Well and Aquifer Hydraulics. Each section begins with a brief summary of relevant terminology and principles. This introductory chapter is followed by a case study, which may be employed to provide a practical context for the hydrogeological methods that are described in subsequent chapters. Most of the methodological exercises culminate in an analytical product, such as data table, graph, contour map, etc., which readily serve as a focus for problem-solving activities, classroom discussions, and investigative reports. Many of the exercises present at least two investigative methods for accomplishing a particular hydrogeologic task. For example, time-drawdown graphs may be produced by a hand-plotting method or by a microcomputer method. For the professional scientist, the choice of a particular method might depend on such factors as the time available to carry out the task, the degree of accuracy required, or the availability of assessory equipment and materials.

The approach of this book is how-to-do and hands-on. Its purpose is to provide clear, step-by-step instruction in many of the fundamental methods of hydrogeologic investigation. These methods include both 1) the traditional techniques of data analysis, such as mathematical computation by electronic calculator and construction of graphs by hand-plotting, and 2) microcomputer techniques employing electronic spreadsheets, graphing and gridding and contouring software. The microcomputer methods employ commercial software such as Lotus 1-2-3. Microsoft Excel, Quattro-Pro, Golden Software's Grapher and Surfer, and Geraghty and Miller's AQTESOLV. Although familiarity with any of the applications is helpful, the instructions in this manual assume no prior experience with them. Basic Hydrogeologic Methods is divided into three sections: Groundwater Occurrence and Movement, Groundwater Investigations, and Well and Aquifer Hydraulics. Each section begins with a brief summary of relevant terminology and principles. This introductory chapter is followed by a case study, which may be employed to provide a practical context for the hydrogeological methods that are described in subsequent chapters. Most of the methodological exercises culminate in an analytical product, such as data table, graph, contour map, etc., which readily serve as a focus for problem-solving activities, classroom discussions, and investigative reports. Many of the exercises present at least two investigative methods for accomplishing a particular hydrogeologic task. For example, time-drawdown graphs may be produced by a hand-plotting method or by a microcomputer method. For the professional scientist, the choice of a particular method might depend on such factors as the time available to carry out the task, the degree of accuracy required, or the availability of assessory equipment and materials.

Hydrogeology, the science of groundwater, requires a multidisciplinary approach involving many other sciences: surface hydrology, climatology, geology, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, and more. This book takes a broad view, considers water as a single entity, and presents many examples illustrating the variety of existing hydrogeo

The importance of investigating karstified aquifers lies in their significance as a major source of drinking water. This book describes methods that are basic to all hydrogeological studies, such as hydraulic investigations, hydrochemistry, geophysics, isotope chemistry and modelling, but with the emphasis placed on their application to karst syste

In recent years, the focus in groundwater studies has expanded to also include groundwater contamination and remediation studies as a part of resource evaluations. While there are other books on the subject, Field Hydrogeology-A Guide for Site Investigations and Report Preparation provides the first integrated presentation of the American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) standards, US Geological Survey (USGS), and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) field techniques. It also includes access to a Web site that contains software for designing aquifer tests and aquifer-recharge experiments. Written by an author with more than 40 years of experience in hydrology and geology, this reference treats the subject from a field standpoint. Useful as a field guide and a textbook, it contains standard methods for planning and undertaking hydrogeologic investigations. It incorporates case studies, contains a glossary of field-hydrogeology technical terms, and provides a detailed list of ASTM standards and key hydrologic Web sites. The guide is based on ASTM standards, EPA, and US Department of Interior (DOI) field technical manuals. The text covers hydrogeologic fundamentals, conceptual models, planning an investigation, surface investigations, subsurface investigations, field inventory, stream flow measurements, water quality measurements, and report preparation. It includes more recent groundwater evaluation techniques such as tracing and isotope techniques. Field Hydrogeology will allow students and seasoned professionals to have a vast array of clearly written descriptive materials and an extensive source of references available at their fingertips. About the Author: John E. Moore, Ph.D., is a hydrogeologist at the USEPA Region 8 in Denver, Colorado. Dr. Moore is also an adjunct professor of hydrology at Metro State College in Denver and a consulting hydrologist. He has more than 40 years of experience in hydrogeology and geology as a researcher, teacher, and consultant. He is internationally recognized as an expert in these fields. Dr. Moore was deputy assistant chief hydrologist and field scientist with the USGS and served as a technical advisor to the USEPA and the U.S. House of Representatives. He is past president of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) and the American Institute of Hydrology (AIH) and is the chairman of the IAH Education Commission.

Applications in Hydrogeology for Geoscientists presents the most recent scientific developments in the field that are accessible yet rigorous enough for industry professionals and academic researchers alike. A multi-contributed reference that features the knowledge and experience of the field’s experts, the book’s chapters span the full scope of hydrogeology, introducing new approaches and progress in conceptualization, simulation of groundwater flow and transport, and progressive hydro-geophysical methods. Each chapter includes examples of recent developments in hydrogeology, groundwater, and hydrology that are underscored with perspectives regarding the challenges that are facing industry professionals, researchers, and academia. Several sub-themes—including theoretical advances in conceptualization and modeling of hydro-geologic challenges—connect the chapters and weave the topics together holistically. Advances in research are aided by insights arising from observations from both field and laboratory work. Introduces new approaches and progress in hydrogeology, including conceptualization, simulated groundwater flow and transport, and cutting edge hydro-geophysical methods Features more than 100 figures, diagrams, and illustrations to highlight major themes and aid in the retention of key concepts Presents a holistic approach to advances in hydrogeology, from the most recent developments in reservoirs and hydraulics to analytic modeling of transient multi-layer flow and aquifer flow theory Integrates real life data, examples and processes, making the content practical and immediately implementable

From the reviews: "...is a "must" for serious field novices, and for seasoned middle-career and senior practitioners in hydrogeology, mainly those people who answer a calling to offer honest and accurate hydrogeological approximations and findings. Any engineering geologist or groundwater geologist who claims capability as a "Hydrogeologist" should own this book and submit it to highlighting and page tabbing. Of course, the same goes for those who practice in karst terranes, as author LaMoreaux is one of the pioneers in this field, worldwide..." (Allen W. Hatheway)

Data on water quality and other environmental issues are being collected at an ever-increasing rate. In the past, however, the techniques used by scientists to interpret this data have not progressed as quickly. This is a book of modern statistical methods for analysis of practical problems in water quality and water resources. The last fifteen years have seen major advances in the fields of exploratory data analysis (EDA) and robust statistical methods. The 'real-life' characteristics of environmental data tend to drive analysis towards the use of these methods. These advances are presented in a practical and relevant format. Alternate methods are compared, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each as applied to environmental data. Techniques for trend analysis and dealing with water below the detection limit are topics covered, which are of great interest to consultants in water-quality and hydrology, scientists in state, provincial and federal water resources, and geological survey agencies. The practising water resources scientist will find the worked examples using actual field data from case studies of environmental problems, of real value. Exercises at the end of each chapter enable the mechanics of the methodological process to be fully understood, with data sets included on diskette for easy use. The result is a book that is both up-to-date and immediately relevant to ongoing work in the environmental and water sciences.

A thorough, up-to-date guide to groundwater science and technology Our understanding of the occurrence and movement of water under the Earth's surface is constantly advancing, with new models, improved drilling equipment, new research, and refined techniques for managing this vital resource. Responding to these tremendous changes, David Todd and new coauthor Larry Mays equip readers with a thorough and up-to-date grounding in the science and technology of groundwater hydrology. Groundwater Hydrology, Third Edition offers a unified presentation of the field, treating fundamental principles, methods, and problems as a whole. With this new edition, you'll be able to stay current with recent developments in groundwater hydrology, learn modern modeling methods, and apply what you've learned to realistic situations. Highlights of the Third Edition * New example problems and case studies, as well as problem sets at the end of each chapter. * A special focus on modern groundwater modeling methods, including a new chapter on modeling (Chapter 9), which describes the U. S. Geological Survey MODFLOW model. * Over 300 new figures and photos. * Both SI and U.S. customary units in the example problems. * Expanded coverage of groundwater contamination by chemicals. * New references at the end of each chapter, which provide sources for research and graduate study. Student and instructor resources for this text are available on the book's website at www.wiley.com/college/todd.