Bacchylides And The Emergence Of The Lyric Canon

For almost two millennia the dismissive judgement of pseudo-Longinus on Bacchylides has influenced the reception of his work. This underestimation of Bacchylides has persisted in modern scholarship even after papyrus discoveries recovered the primary text for research. This relative lack of interest is reflected in a still very limited bibliography. The thesis, which draws on current Reception Theory, aims to reposition Bacchylides in both the field of Greek Lyric Poetry and modern scholarship. The dissertation analyses the path of Bacchylides in time, and focuses especially on the poetry and criticism that was crucial for canonisation and survival of both Bacchylides and the rest of the lyric poets. Chapter 1 deals with the geographical movement of Bacchylides in his lifetime, examined against the background of the commissions of Pindar and Simonides. Chapter 2 focuses on Bacchylides' relationship with Athens and echoes of his poetry in Greek drama (tragedy and Aristophanic comedy), while Chapter 3 on Herodotus tests the Athenian evidence and offers a pan-Hellenic look at lyric reception. Reception of lyric by Plato and the Peripatetics in Chapter 4 is the transitional stage from Classical Athens to the Hellenistic era. Chapter 5 discusses the move from song to written texts. Finally, Chapter 6 focuses on Hellenistic scholarship on lyric poetry and on the establishment of the lyric canon. Two important issues in the thesis are the transmission of texts from oral song-culture to written sources, and the process of canonisation. Bacchylides is a peculiar poetic figure and a paradox; his poetry and survival do not seem to follow the norm and pattern of the rest of the lyric poets. The thesis is an attempt to fill in a gap in modern scholarship and in the process of examining the transmission of Bacchylides' work in antiquity to clarify the larger process of canonisation and the media through which Greek lyric poetry as a whole reaches Alexandria and survives.

The Hellenistic period was an era of literary canons, of privileged texts and collections. One of the most stable of these consisted of the nine (rarely ten) lyric poets: whether the selection was based on poetic quality, popularity, or the availability of texts in the Library of Alexandria, the Lyric Canon offers a valuable and revealing window on the reception and survival of lyric in antiquity. This volume explores the complexities inherent in the process by which lyric poetry was canonized, and discusses questions connected with the textual transmission and preservation of lyric poems from the archaic period through to the Hellenistic era. It firstly contextualizes lyric poetry geographically, and then focuses on a broad range of sources that played a critical role in the survival of lyric poetry - in particular, comedy, Plato, Aristotle's Peripatetic school, and the Hellenistic scholars - to discuss the reception of the nine canonical lyric poets and their work. By exploring the ways in which fifth- and fourth-century sources interpreted lyric material, and the role they played both in the scholarly work of the Alexandrians and in the creation of what we conventionally call the Hellenistic Lyric Canon, it elucidates what can be defined as the prevailing pattern in the transmission of lyric poetry, as well as the place of Bacchylides as a puzzling exception to this norm. The overall discussion conclusively demonstrates that the canonizing process of the lyric poets was already at work from the fifth century BC and that it is reflected both in the evaluation of lyric by fourth-century thinkers and in the activities of the Hellenistic scholars in the Library of Alexandria.

The Hellenistic period was an era of literary canons, of privileged texts and collections. One of the most stable of these consisted of the nine (rarely ten) lyric poets: whether the selection was based on poetic quality, popularity, or the availability of texts in the Library of Alexandria, the Lyric Canon offers a valuable and revealing window on the reception and survival of lyric in antiquity. 0This volume explores the complexities inherent in the process by which lyric poetry was canonized, and discusses questions connected with the textual transmission and preservation of lyric poems from the archaic period through to the Hellenistic era. It firstly contextualizes lyric poetry geographically, and then focuses on a broad range of sources that played a critical role in the survival of lyric poetry - in particular, comedy, Plato, Aristotle's Peripatetic school, and the Hellenistic scholars - to discuss the reception of the nine canonical lyric poets and their work. By exploring the ways in which fifth- and fourth-century sources interpreted lyric material, and the role they played both in the scholarly work of the Alexandrians and in the creation of what we conventionally call the Hellenistic Lyric Canon, it elucidates what can be defined as the prevailing pattern in the transmission of lyric poetry, as well as the place of Bacchylides as a puzzling exception to this norm. The overall discussion conclusively demonstrates that the canonizing process of the lyric poets was already at work from the fifth century BC and that it is reflected both in the evaluation of lyric by fourth-century thinkers and in the activities of the Hellenistic scholars in the Library of Alexandria.

In The Reception of Greek Lyric Poetry in the Ancient World: Transmission, Canonization and Paratext, twenty-one international scholars discuss the afterlife of early Greek lyric poetry (iambic, elegiac, and melic) from the 5th century BCE to the 12th century CE.

A history of ancient literary culture told through the quantitative facts of canon, geography, and scale.

A 2004 selection of songs of praise and songs for choral performances composed by Bacchylides (c. 520-450 BC).

Anne Burnett shows us the art of Bacchylides in the context of Greek lyric traditions. She discusses the beginnings of choral poetry and the functions of the choral myth; she describes the purposes of the victory song in particular and the practices of Bacchylides and Pindar as they fulfilled their victory commissions. In analyzing individual poems Burnett's approach is two-fold, for each ode is seen as a choral performance reflecting archaic cult practice, while it is also studied as the expression of a particular poetic vision and sensibility. Thus the formal elements of the Bacchylidean victory songs are recognized as the response of a chorus which must give semi-religious praise to a noble athlete or prize-winning prince in times of increasing democracy. At the same time an artistry and an ethic peculiar to Bacchylides are discovered in the manipulation of fictions and mythic materials.

More than a dozen prominent scholars offer comprehensive assessments of Hellenistic Sardis, a critical site in western Asia Minor that was one of the most important political centers of both the Aegean and Near Eastern worlds before it was governed as part of the Roman Empire.

Paths of Song: The Lyric Dimension of Greek Tragedy analyzes the multiple and varied evocations of choral lyric in fifth-century Greek tragedy using a variety of methodological approaches that illustrate the myriad forms through which lyric is present and can be presented in tragedy. This collection focuses on different types of interaction of Greek tragedy with lyric poetry in fifth-century Athens: generic, mythological, cultural, musical, and performative. The collected essays demonstrate the dynamic and nuanced relationship between lyric poetry and tragedy within the larger frame of Athenian song- and performance-culture, and reveal a vibrant and symbiotic co-existence between tragedy and lyric. Paths of Song illustrates the effects that this dynamic engagement with lyric possibly had on tragic performances, including performances of satyr drama, as well as on processes of survival and reputation, selection and refiguration, tradition and innovation. The volume is of particular interest to scholars in the field of classics, cultural studies, and the performing arts, as well as to readers interested in poetic transmission and in cultural evolution in antiquity.

Genre in Archaic and Classical Greek Poetryforegrounds innovative approaches to the question of genre, what it means, and how to think about it for ancient Greek poetry and performance. Embracing multiple definitions of genre and lyric, the volume pushes beyond current dominant trends within the field of Classics to engage with a variety of other disciplines, theories, and models. Eleven papers by leading scholars of ancient Greek culture cover a wide range of media, from Sappho's songs to elegiac inscriptions to classical tragedy. Collectively, they develop a more holistic understanding of the concept of lyric genre, its relevance to the study of ancient texts, and its relation to subsequent ideas about lyric.