Assessing The Bioavailability Of Metals In Soil For Use In Human Health Risk Assessments Bioavailability Policy Project Phase Ii Metals Task Force Report Summer 2000

The Phase II objective was to provide information on the role of bioavailability in evaluating human exposures to chemicals in soil and how this scientific information can be used to enhance risk assessment and remediation decisions at soil-sites. The BPP Working Group formed a Metals Task Force and an Organics Task Force to help focus on timely developments in basic and applied science and regulatory policies for each chemical group. Emphasis was placed on providing a greater context for understanding and using bioavailability in assessing human health risks and potential remedies, as well as identifying information needs for future decision-making. Each Task Force developed similar areas for investigation and study, which are as follows: Relative Bioavailability and Risk Determination; Methods for Assessing Bioavailability from Soils; Assessment of Current Scientific Knowledge; Future Research Needs; Regulatory Policies; Case Studies; Conclusions and Future Dire.

The 1993 regulation (Part 503 Rule) governing the land application of biosolids was established to protect public health and the environment from reasonably anticipated adverse effects. Included in the regulation are chemical pollutant limits, operational standards designed to reduce pathogens and the attraction of disease vectors, and management practices. This report from the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology evaluates the technical methods and approaches used by EPA to establish those standards and practices, focusing specifically on human health protection. The report examines improvements in risk-assessment practices and advances in the scientific database since promulgation of the regulation, and makes recommendations for addressing public health concerns, uncertainties, and data gaps about the technical basis of the biosolids standards.

This third edition of the book has been completely re-written, providing a wider scope and enhanced coverage. It covers the general principles of the natural occurrence, pollution sources, chemical analysis, soil chemical behaviour and soil-plant-animal relationships of heavy metals and metalloids, followed by a detailed coverage of 21 individual elements, including: antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, tin, tungsten, uranium, vanadium and zinc. The book is highly relevant for those involved in environmental science, soil science, geochemistry, agronomy, environmental health, and environmental engineering, including specialists responsible for the management and clean-up of contaminated land.

Historically, research on the methods and amounts of trace element application to agriculture soils for correcting plant deficiencies has received major attention. More recently, due to industrial development and past disposal activities, trace elements are considered to be important environmental contaminants that affect all components in the atmo

Soils, Quality, Soil testing, Risk assessment, Metals, Absorption, Human body, Physiological effects (human body), Extraction, Chemical hazards, Digestive system, Respiratory system

Heavy metals in soils continue to receive increasing attention due to the growing scientific and public awareness of environmental issues and the development of analytical techniques to measure their concentrations accurately. Building on the success and acclaim of the first edition, this book continues to provide an up-to-date, balanced and comprehensive review of the subject in two sections: the first providing an introduction to the metals chemistry, sources and methods used for their analysis; and the second containing chapters dealing with individual elements in detail.

The purpose of this report is to discuss the application of biodegradation/persistence and bioaccumulation/biomagnification for hazard identification and risk assessment of metals and metal compounds.

Physiological effects (human body), Digestive system, Risk assessment, Chemical hazards, Respiratory system, Metals, Quality, Absorption, Soil testing, Soils, Human body, Extraction