An Introduction To Foundations In Areas Of Significant Frost Penetration

Areas of significant frost penetration may be defined as those in which freezing temperatures occur in the ground to sufficient depth to be a significant factor in foundation design. These areas may be further characterized as seasonal frost and permafrost zones. Freeze-thaw temperature changes can exert major and potentially destructive forces on the foundations of structures. This publication discusses planning, design and construction methods for buildings and other infrastructure that can mitigate these forces in areas of significant frost penetration.

Introductory technical guidance for professional engineers interested in cold regions and arctic engineering. Here is what is discussed: 1. INTRODUCTION 2. FACTORS AFFECTING DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS 3. SITE INVESTIGATIONS 4. FOUNDATION DESIGN

This publication discusses the analysis and design of foundations of buildings and other structures in cold regions where there is significant frost penetration. Discussed are factors affecting design, site investigations, and foundation design. Areas of significant frost penetration are defined as those in which freezing temperatures occur in the ground to sufficient depth to be a significant factor in foundation design. Here is what is discussed:1. INTRODUCTION2. FACTORS AFFECTING DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS3. SITE INVESTIGATIONS4. FOUNDATION DESIGN.

Introductory technical guidance for civil, structural and geotechnical engineers interested in design and construction of foundations for buildings and other infrastructure in areas of significant frost penetration. Here is what is discussed: 1. INTRODUCTION 2. FACTORS AFFECTING DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS 3. SITE INVESTIGATIONS 4. FOUNDATION DESIGN.

Introductory technical guidance for civil, geotechnical and structural engineers interested in design and construction of foundations for structures. Here is what is discussed: 1. BACKFILL FOR SUBSURFACE STRUCTURES 2. BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS 3. DEEP FOUNDATIONS 4. EARTHWORK FOR FOUNDATIONS 5. ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOIL AND ROCK 6. EXCAVATION FOR STRUCTURES 7. FIELD AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS FOR FOUNDATIONS IN EXPANSIVE SOILS 8. FOUNDATION DESIGN IN COLD REGIONS 9. FOUNDATIONS ON FILL AND BACKFILLING 10. FOUNDATIONS IN AREAS OF SIGNIFICANT FROST PENETRATION

This report presents engineering guidance for the design and construction of foundations in areas of deep seasonal frost and permafrost as developed up to the early 1970's. Attention is given to basic considerations affecting foundation design, site investigations, survey datum points, construction consideration, and monitoring performance. Included in the main text are 17 tables, 141 figures, and 213 selected references. A bibliography presents 45 additional references.

Introductory technical guidance for civil, structural and geotechnical engineers and construction managers interested in design and construction of foundations for buildings and other structures. Here is what is discussed: 1. BACKFILL FOR SUBSURFACE STRUCTURES 2. BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS 3. DEEP FOUNDATIONS 4. EARTHWORK FOR FOUNDATIONS 5. ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOIL AND ROCK 6. EXCAVATION FOR STRUCTURES 7. FIELD AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS FOR FOUNDATIONS IN EXPANSIVE SOILS 8. FOUNDATION DESIGN IN COLD REGIONS 9. FOUNDATIONS ON FILL AND BACKFILLING 10. FOUNDATIONS IN AREAS OF SIGNIFICANT FROST PENETRATION.

Introductory technical guidance for civil, structural and geotechnical engineers interested in design and construction of foundations for buildings and other infrastructure in arctic regions. Here is what is discussed: 1. THERMAL EFFECTS 2. SEASONAL FROST HEAVE AND SETTLEMENT 3. GROUNDWATER 4. EFFECT OF SURCHARGE 5. FOUNDATION MATERIALS 6. STRUCTURAL MATERIALS.

This publication provides professional engineers, architects and construction managers with over 275 pages of technical guidance for the design and construction of buildings and related infrastructure in cold regions. Here is what is discussed: 1. FOUNDATIONS IN AREAS OF SIGNIFICANT FROST PENETRATION, 2. FREEZE/THAW IN SOILS: ONE DIMENSIONAL LINEAR HEAT FLOW, 3. FREEZE/THAW IN SOILS: TWO DIMENSIONAL RADIAL HEAT FLOW, 4. PAVEMENT DESIGN IN SEASONAL FROST CONDITIONS, 5. ROAD DESIGN FOR COLD REGIONS, 6. UTILIDORS, 7. WASTEWATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT, 8. WATER DISTRIBUTION.

Methods for predicting frost penetrations are necessary when foundations are placed on frost susceptible soils if problems with frost heave are to be avoided. Graphical methods exist for predicting frost penetration for unheated foundations, however, design information for heated foundations is very limited. Insulation levels on heated foundations will affect the heat loss to the surrounding soil and hence the depth of frost penetration. The paper presents long term measured frost penetration and soil conductivity data for four typical heated residential foundations. Graphical relationships (modified design curves) between frost depths and freezing indices are presented and compared with open field (unheated) conditions.